Science 10

Group presentation in science
Members:
Alyssa Mae Lore
April Ann Palmero
Joycie Mae Rosell
Rasty Inot
John Emmanuel
Manseguiao
Ray diagram
-Is a diagram that traces the path
that light takes in order for a
person to view a point on the
image of an object. Or
-When the light rays diverge
after reflection,and the virtual
image is formed. The image
location can be found by tracing
all reflected rays backwards until
they intersect.
How do you identify a ray diagram?
-the goal of a ray diagram

is to determine the
location,size,
orientation,and type of an
image that is formed by
the concave mirror.
Two types of curved mirror
Convex mirror Concave mirror

-a convex mirror reflects -concave mirrors reflect
the light outwards and light inward to one focal
therefore not used to point. Used to focus light.
focus light.
-is a mirror in which the -has a reflecting surface
reflective surface bulges that is recessed inward
toward the light source. (away from the incident
light).
Characteristics and position of
images formed by lenses
-Real, enlarged,and
inverted image formed by a
convex lens when the
object placed inside F.
Characteristics of
concave mirrors
*Converging mirror Characteristics of
*Magnification and convex mirrors
image formation
*Diverging mirror
*Changing distance and
image properties *Virtual,erect,and
*Versatile image diminished images
formation *Wide field of view
*Image distance and
size
Guidelines for Rays
Falling on the concave
and convex mirrors
•Oblique Incidence
•Parallel Incidence
•Focus Incidence
•Centre of Curvature
Incidence
Ray Diagrams for
Lenses
-The image formed by a single lens can be located
and sized by "three principle rays".
•A ray from the top of the object proceeding parallel
to the centerline perpendicular to the lens.
•A ray through the center of the lens,which will be

undeflected.
•A ray through the principal focal point on the near
side of the lens.It will proceed parallel to the
centerline upon exit from the lens.
Ray Diagrams for Convex
Lenses
-For an object outside the focal point,a real
inverted image will be formed.
-For an object inside the focal point,a virtual
erect image will be formed.
Ray Diagrams for Concave
Lenses
-The ray diagrams for Concave Lenses inside and
outside the focal point give similar results: An
erect virtual image smaller than the object.
•If you look at an object though a

concave lens,it will look smaller and
closer.
Ray Diagram for Two
Lenses
*The principle Rays 1 and 2 are used to determine
the location of the image for lens 1 alone.
*Ray 3 through f1 will approach lens 2 parallel to

the axis and will project through focal point f2,
Forming one principal.
*Back projecting from the single lens image
through the center of lens 2 will define the
second needed ray.
Characteristics of the image
formed by a plane mirror
*It is virtual
*It is erect and of the same
size as the object
*The distance of the object from the plane
mirror is the same as the distance of the
image from the plane mirror
*It is laterally inverted
Laws of Reflection
*The angle of incidence and the
angle of reflection are always
equal.
*The incident ray,the normal at
the point,and the reflected
ray,all line on the same plane.
Step by step method for
drawing Ray Diagrams Step 1
• Pick a point on top of the object and

draw two incident rays traveling
towards the mirror.
•Using a ruler,draw one ray so that it
passes exactly through the focal
point on the way to the mirror. Draw
the second ray such that it travels
exactly parallel to the principal axis.
Step 2
• Once this incident rays strike the mirror,
reflect them according to the two rules of
reflection for concave mirrors.
• The ray that passes through the focal point
on the way to the mirror will reflect and travel
parallel to the principal axis. Use a straight
edge to accurately draw it's path.
• The ray that traveled parallel to
the principal axis on the way to
the mirror will reflect through
the focal point.
Step 3
• Mark the image of the top of the object.
• The image point of the top of the object is the
point where the two reflected rays intersect.
Step 4
• Repeat the process for the bottom of the object.
• After completing the first three steps,only the image

location of the top extreme of the object has been
found.
• The process must be repeated for
the point on the bottom of the
object. If the bottom of the object lie
upon the principal axis,then the
image of this point will also lie upon
the principal axis and be the same
distance from the mirror as the
image of the top of the object.
Assessment 1.1
1. Define what is Ray Diagram
2. What are the three characteristics
and position of images formed by a
convex lens?
3. What is the two types of
curved mirror?
4. What is concave lens?
5. What is Convex lens?
Assessment 1.2
Than You
k

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Group presentation in science

-the goal of a ray diagram

Convex mirror Concave mirror

•A ray through the center of the lens,which will be

•If you look at an object though a

*Ray 3 through f1 will approach lens 2 parallel to

• Pick a point on top of the object and

• After completing the first three steps,only the image

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