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    Isomerism

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    abhishektatu2007
    This document discusses different types of isomers: 1. Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements. This includes coordination isomers which have different complex ions, and ligand isomers which have the same complex ion structure but different ligand attachment points. 2. Stereoisomers have the same bonds but different spatial arrangements, including geometric isomers which have different arrangements around double bonds (cis/trans), and optical isomers which are non-superimposable mirror images that have different effects on polarized light. 3. Linkage isomers are coordination complexes with the same ligands but different bonding positions of one ligand.

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    Isomerism

    Uploaded by

    abhishektatu2007
    23 views14 pages
    This document discusses different types of isomers: 1. Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements. This includes coordination isomers which have different complex ions, and ligand isomers which have the same complex ion structure but different ligand attachment points. 2. Stereoisomers have the same bonds but different spatial arrangements, including geometric isomers which have different arrangements around double bonds (cis/trans), and optical isomers which are non-superimposable mirror images that have different effects on polarized light. 3. Linkage isomers are coordination complexes with the same ligands but different bonding positions of one ligand.

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    This document discusses different types of isomers: 1. Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements. This includes coordination isomers which have different complex ions, and ligand isomers which have the same complex ion structure but different ligand attachment points. 2. Stereoisomers have the same bonds but different spatial arrangements, including geometric isomers which have different arrangements around double bonds (cis/trans), and optical isomers which are non-superimposable mirror images that have different effects on polarized light. 3. Linkage isomers are coordination complexes with the same ligands but different bonding positions of one ligand.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    23 views14 pages

    Isomerism

    Uploaded by

    abhishektatu2007
    This document discusses different types of isomers: 1. Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements. This includes coordination isomers which have different complex ions, and ligand isomers which have the same complex ion structure but different ligand attachment points. 2. Stereoisomers have the same bonds but different spatial arrangements, including geometric isomers which have different arrangements around double bonds (cis/trans), and optical isomers which are non-superimposable mirror images that have different effects on polarized light. 3. Linkage isomers are coordination complexes with the same ligands but different bonding positions of one ligand.

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    20_441

    Isomers
    (same formula but different properties)

    Structural Stereoisomers
    isomers (same bonds, different
    (different bonds) spatial arrangements)

    Geometric
    Coordination Linkage Optical
    isomerism isomerism
    (cis-trans) isomerism
    isomerism
    Structural Isomerism 1

    Coordination isomerism:
    Composition of the complex ion varies.

    [Cr(NH3)5SO4]Br
    and [Cr(NH3)5Br]SO4
    Structural Isomerism 2

    Ligand isomerism:
    Same complex ion structure but point of
    attachment of at least one of the ligands differs.

    [Co(NH3)4(NO2)Cl]Cl
    and [Co(NH3)4(ONO)Cl]Cl
    Linkage Isomers

    [Co(NH3)5(NO2)]Cl2 [Co(NH3)5(ONO)]Cl2
    Pentaamminenitrocobalt(III) Pentaamminenitritocobalt(III)
    chloride chloride
    Stereoisomerism 1
    Geometric isomerism (cis-trans):

    Atoms or groups arranged differently spatially


    relative to metal ion

    Pt(NH3)2Cl2
    20_444
    Cl
    Cl
    H3N NH3
    H3N NH3
    Co Co

    H3N NH3 H3N Cl


    Cl NH3

    Cl Cl

    Co Co
    Cl

    Cl
    (a) (b)
    Stereoisomerism 2
    Optical isomerism:
    20_446

    Have opposite effects on plane-polarized light


    (no superimposable mirror images)
    Polarizing
    filter

    Tube
    containing
    Unpolarized
    sample
    light 
    Polarized
    light

    Rotated
    polarized light
    20_448

    Mirror image
    of right hand
    Left hand
    Right hand
    20_449

    N N
    Mirror image
    Co
    N N of Isomer I

    N
    N N

    N N N N
    Co Co
    N N N N
    Isomer I Isomer II
    N N
    20_450

    Cl Thetransisomer and Cl Isomer II cannot be


    its mirror image are superimposed exactl
    N N identical. They are not N N on isomer I. They are
    Co isomers of each other. Co not identical structu
    N N N Cl
    Cl Cl Cl
    Cl N
    N N N Cl N N
    trans Co cis Co Co
    N N N N N Cl

    Cl Isomer IN Isomer IIN

    Isomer II has the same


    structure as the mirror
    (a) (b) image of isomer I.
    THANK YOU

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