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    Periodic Table

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    zila maskam
    The periodic table organizes the elements according to increasing atomic number and properties that repeat periodically. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. The periodic table provides information about each element's atomic number, symbol, name, atomic mass, and can predict chemical and physical properties based on an element's position.

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    Periodic Table

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    zila maskam
    7 views43 pages
    The periodic table organizes the elements according to increasing atomic number and properties that repeat periodically. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. The periodic table provides information about each element's atomic number, symbol, name, atomic mass, and can predict chemical and physical properties based on an element's position.

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    The periodic table organizes the elements according to increasing atomic number and properties that repeat periodically. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. The periodic table provides information about each element's atomic number, symbol, name, atomic mass, and can predict chemical and physical properties based on an element's position.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    7 views43 pages

    Periodic Table

    Uploaded by

    zila maskam
    The periodic table organizes the elements according to increasing atomic number and properties that repeat periodically. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. The periodic table provides information about each element's atomic number, symbol, name, atomic mass, and can predict chemical and physical properties based on an element's position.

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    THE PERIODIC TABLE

    OF ELEMENTS

    A CHART THAT ORGANIZES THE


    ELEMENTS ACCORDING TO THEIR
    ATOMIC NUMBER
    PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
    The periodic table is
    the most useful tool to
    a chemist.
    It organizes lots of
    information about all
    the known elements.
    THE CURRENT PERIODIC TABLE

    Now the elements are put in rows


    by increasing ATOMIC
    NUMBER!!
    What info is on the Periodic Table ???

    Atomic Number
    6

    The Symbol
    of the element C
    The name of Carbon
    the element
    12.011

    Atomic Mass
    The Periodic Table Parts

    Groups
    Period
    s
    PERIODIC TABLE

     The periodic table organizes the elements in a particular way.


    A great deal of information about an element can be gathered
    from its position in the period table.
     For example, you can predict with reasonably good accuracy
    the physical and chemical properties of the element. You can
    also predict what other elements a particular element will
    react with chemically.
     Understanding the organization and plan of the periodic table
    will help you obtain basic information about each of the 118
    known elements.
    COMMON ELEMENTS AND SYMBOLS
    PROPERTIES OF METALS

     Metals are good conductors of


    heat and electricity.
     Metals are shiny.
     Metals are ductile (can be
    stretched into thin wires).
     Metals are malleable (can be
    pounded into thin sheets).
     A chemical property of metal is
    its reaction with water which
    results in corrosion.
    PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS

     Non-metals are poor


    conductors of heat and
    electricity.
     Non-metals are not ductile
    or malleable.
     Solid non-metals are
    brittle and break easily.
     They are dull.
     Many non-metals are
    gases.
    Sulfur
    PROPERTIES OF METALLOIDS

     Metalloids (metal-like) have


    properties of both metals and
    non-metals.
     They are solids that can be
    shiny or dull.
     They conduct heat and
    electricity better than non-
    metals but not as well as
    metals.
     They are ductile and
    malleable.

    Silicon
    FAMILIES PERIODS

     Columns of elements are called


     Each horizontal row of elements
    groups or families.
    is called a period.
     Elements in each family have  The elements in a period are not
    similar but not identical alike in properties.
    properties.  In fact, the properties change
     For example, lithium (Li), greatly across even given row.
    sodium (Na), potassium (K), and  The first element in a period is
    other members of family IA are always an extremely active solid.
    all soft, white, shiny metals. The last element in a period, is
     All elements in a family have the always an inactive gas.
    same number of valence
    electrons.
    TRANSITION ELEMENTS

     Transition elements have properties similar to one another and to other metals,
    but their properties do not fit in with those of any other family.
     Many transition metals combine chemically with oxygen to form compounds
    called oxides.
    The Periodic Table Parts

    Element Groups
    s in the Elements in the same group have
    same
    the same number of valence
    period
    Periods

    have the electrons


    same
    number
    of
    electron
    shells
    Elements in the  Why??
    same group • They have the same
    have similar number of outer-shell
    chemical and (valence) electrons.
    physical • If the groups are
    properties!! numbered 1-8 (skip
     (Mendeleev did that on transition metals) the
    purpose.) group number = # e’s in
    outer shell).
    The # of valence (outer shell)
    electrons define the properties of the
    element. (malleable, ductile, brittle,
    conductor, reactivity etc.)
    Non-metals

    Metalloids

    Metals


    Transition Metals
    Metals Metalloids Non-Metals
    Left of zig-zag Border zig-zag Right of zig-zag
    Generally <3 e’s Outer shell about >5 e’s in outer
    in outermost shell ½ full (3-6 e’s in shell (Carbon has
    (except Sn,Pb,Bi) outer shell) 4)
    High m.p., b.p., Low m.p.,
    density b.p.,density
    -Most are good Properties of both Dull, brittle, poor
    conductors, metals and non- conductors
    ductile, malleable metals More than ½ are
    solid at room temp gases at room
    (except Hg) temp, bromine is
    liquid
    Groups/Families of
    the Periodic Table
    Groups/Families of the Periodic Table

    •MostReactive
    Alkali Metals Metals
    •Alwaysfound
    bonded with other
    elements
    SODIUM AND WATER
    SLOW MOTION SODIUM AND WATER

     http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzEOL-N2cbw
    POTASSIUM AND WATER
    HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=JY1DC6EUQJ4
    Alkaline •Very Reactive
    Earth Metals •Alwaysfound
    bonded with other
    elements
    Groups/Families
    of the Periodic
    Table Carbon
    •Contains Family
    metals,
    non-metals and
    metalloids.
    •Carbon is found in
    all living things
    Groups/Families of the Periodic Table
    Halogen Family

    •Very Reactive
    Always found
    combined with other
    element in nature .
    Groups/Families of the Periodic Table
    Nobel Gases
    •Very Stable and not
    reactive
    •All are found in the
    air
    •Does not belong to
    Hydrogen
    a family
    •The lightest
    element
    •Makes up 90% of
    the universe

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