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    Verbals

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    Verbals

    Uploaded by

    zkcsswddh6
    13 views22 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    13 views22 pages

    Verbals

    Uploaded by

    zkcsswddh6

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Verbals

    Participles, Gerunds,
    Infinitives
    What is a verbal?
    • A verbal is a verb functioning as
    some other part of speech.

    • There are three types of verbals:


    participles, gerunds, and infinitives.
    What is a participle?
    • A participle is a verb functioning as
    an adjective.
    Well, what is an
    adjective?
    • What is an adjective?
    • A word that modifies a noun or
    pronoun.
    • Adjectives answer the questions
    which one? and how many?
    Participles
    • A participle is a verb functioning as
    an adjective.

    • There are two types of participles:


    past and present.

    – Past participles end in –ed


    – Present participles end in -ing
    Note!!
    • Be aware of irregular verbs with –n,
    -t, or –en endings

    • Example: torn, lost, written, etc.


    Example
    • A raging fire destroyed the
    uninsured building.

    – What kind of fire? Raging (present


    participle)
    – What kind of building? Uninsured
    (past participle)
    Phrases
    • What is a phrase?
    • A group of words functioning as a
    single part of speech.

    • A participial phrase is a participle


    with its modifiers and complements
    —all working as an adjective.
    Example
    • The fire station located nearby
    promptly responded to the fire.

    • We saw the hawk soaring


    effortlessly above us.
    Punctuation with
    Participles
    • The punctuation is the same as
    with prepositional phrases and
    appositives.
    • Introductory participles are followed
    by a comma.
    What is a gerunds?
    • A verb functioning as a noun.

    • Because it is acting as a noun, it


    can be anything a noun is: subject,
    direct object, indirect object, object
    of a preposition, predicate
    nominative, appositive.
    Examples
    • Subject: Talking loudly always
    attracts attention.
    • Direct object: Everyone in my
    house enjoys watching the World
    Series.
    • Indirect object: He gave voting for
    class president careful thought.
    Examples Continued
    • Object of a preposition: She
    worked eight hours without taking
    a break.
    • Predicate nominative: A great thrill
    for her was winning the state
    tennis tournament.
    • Appositive: Dad’s hobby, carving
    wooden soldiers, has taught him
    much about history.
    Note!!
    • The possessive form of a noun or a
    pronoun is used before a gerund
    and is considered part of the
    gerund phrase.

    • Example: Mrs. Lambert insists on


    our typing our compositions.
    What is an infinitive?
    • An infinitive is a verb form that
    usually begins with to. It is used as
    a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.
    Infinitives
    • Do not confuse an infinitive with a
    prepositional phrase.

    • A infinitive is to plus a verb.


    • A prepositional phrase is to plus a
    noun.
    Examples
    • To exercise regularly is very
    important. (subject)
    • I hope to visit soon. (direct object)
    Appositives
    • An appositive is a noun or pronoun
    — often with modifiers — set
    beside another noun or pronoun to
    explain or identify it. Here are some
    examples of appositives
    Examples
    The noun or pronoun will be in blue,
    the appositive will be in red-
    •Your friend Bill is in trouble.
    •My brother's car, a sporty red
    convertible with bucket seats, is
    the envy of my friends.
    •The chief surgeon, an expert in
    organ-transplant procedures, took
    her nephew on a hospital tour.
    Predicate Nominative

    • Nouns: Predicate Nominative


    • The predicate nominative is the
    noun following a linking verb that
    restates or stands for the subject.
    • Typically, a predicate nominative
    has the same value or weight as
    the subject.
    Examples
    In the following examples, the
    predicate nominative is bold and the
    subject is yellow

    •For many of us on the team, the


    fans were an embarrassment.
    -EMBARRASSMENT restates the
    subject FANS.
    Examples

    When the plot is discovered,


    Andrea will be a suspect.

    -Look for the subject, decide


    whether the verb indicates a
    state of being and find out
    what “state” the subject is in.

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