THE PARTS OF

SPEECH
 WHAT IS A NOUN?

 person place thing

 Practice!
 Find the nouns in the following sentence:
(Remember!...a noun is a person, place, thing, or idea)
1. Ali and sara have a son.
2. There are many people in this classroom who are
missing assignments.
3. I am ready for school.
4. I have never been so upset in my life!
 PRONOUN
 A pronoun can replace a noun.

 Example:

 Ali ----He
 Sara -----She
 Ali and Sara ----They
 PRONOUN TYPES:
Possessive: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, whose,
theirs
Demonstrative: this, that, these, those
Objective: me, you, him, her, it, us, whom, them
Subjective: I, you, he, she, it, we, who, they
Reflexive: myself, yourself, himself, herself,
ourselves, themselves
Indefinite: anybody, everybody, nobody, somebody
 PRONOUN PRACTICE
Identify the pronouns in the following sentences:

1. They have never been so happy.

2. It was a really good day today.
3. She was upset with herself for failing it.
4. You and I should take a walk.
5. The candy is neither yours nor mine.
 PRONOUNS (cont’d)
 The noun to which the pronoun refers is called
the antecedent.
 For example:

Allen got off work at seven, then he went home.

He=pronoun Allen=antecedent

Maria is a very bright student; she made all A’s on her

report card.

She, Her=pronouns Maria=antecedent

 WHAT IS A VERB?
 Thereare two types of verbs that we will
look out closely:

 Action Verb

 Linking Verb
 ACTION VERBS
 Action verbs express action, something
that a person, animal, force of nature, or
thing can do

Playing Driving
LINKING/ HELPING VERB
 Linking verbs, on the other hand, do not express action.
Instead, they connect the subject of a verb to additional
information about the subject.

 Am
 Were
 Has
 Been
 Are being
 is
 VERBS PRACTICE
 Identify the verbs in the following sentences: Remember…verbs can
show action or link one part of the sentence to the next.

1. Maria was the first woman to become Vice President.

2. I love him.
3. There is a large group of students in the hall.
4. She danced all night long.
5. I will be 18 next month.
 ADJECTIVE
Adjectives are words that describe or modify
another person or thing in the sentence

Adjectives are descriptive words!

 ADJECTIVE
Descriptive adjectives: Describe the noun.
Ex: red house tall man large hut

Limiting Adjectives: Limits or specifies the noun

Ex: high school student, two teams, every employee
 ADJ. PRACTICE…
Identify the following adjectives and tell if they are limiting or
descriptive:
1. There are many good students in high school.
2. She was grateful for the interview.
3. I am a very intelligent person.
4. The bluish-green sky was a beautiful sight to see.
 ADVERBS
 Adverbs are words that modify
*a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?)
*an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was
his car?)
*another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle.
— How slowly did she move?)

 some adverbs can be identified by their characteristic

"ly" suffix
 Answers questions such as: "how," "when," "where,"
"how much".
 ADVERBS PRACTICE…
 Identify the following adverbs; then write out the
question that corresponds to the adverb:
 Ex: She ran fast in the race. (How did she run?)

1. Ashley danced very well.

2. I swiftly ran after the ball.
3. She angrily slammed the door shut after screaming very
loudly at her boyfriend.
4. She is a very happy person to be around.
5. The night crept up stealthily like a burglar in a house.
 CONJUNCTIONS
 A conjunction is a joiner, a word that connects (conjoins)
parts of a sentence.
 A Conjunction is a word that joins two or more words,
phrases or clauses in a single sentence. It helps us to share
these ideas and make connections more easily. Without them,
we would have to make lots of short, blunt little statements.
The most common examples are ‘and’,’ or’, ‘but’ and
‘because’.
And Or But For Nor So Yet
 both...and, either...or, neither...nor,
not only...but also, so...as, and whether...or
CONJUNCTIONS
 CONJ. Practice!
1. We went to play cricket but we couldn’t as it began raining.
2. His brother and you look alike

3. His intentions are not wrong; Only, he is a little thoughtless.

4. We must water the plants; otherwise, they will die.

5. He played both badminton and football when he was young.

6. He is not only immature but also arrogant.

7. He is as intelligent as you.

8. Though he did not work hard, he passed the exams.

9. Wait there until you receive my call.

10. Neither of the children was hurt.

PREPOSITIONS
 *PREPOSITIONS INDICATE DIRECTION, TIME, LOCATION,
AND SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS, OF RELATIONSHIPS.
 Direction: Look to the left and you’ll see our destination.
 Time: We’ve been working since this morning.

 Location: We saw a movie at the theater.

 Space: The dog hid under the table.

LIST OF COMMON PREPOSITIONS
MORE ABOUT PREPOSITIONS
PRACTICE
 I should rewrite the introduction of my essay.
 Sam left his jacket in the car.

 Did you send that letter to your mother?

 We’re cooking for ten guests tonight.

 Dani ate lunch with their boss.

 INTERJECTION
 An interjection is a word, phrase, or sentence that
expresses emotion, meaning, or feeling. These emotion
words proceed punctuation marks, which are most often
but not always exclamation points.
 Wow! That bird is huge.

 Uh-oh. I forgot to get gas.

 We’re not lost. We just need to go, um, this way.

 Ouch! That hurts!

 ARTICLES
 Articles are words that you use with nouns. An article
determines the noun. The articles in the English language
are the, a, an
• the definite article the:
You use it before a singular or a plural noun when you talk
about one or more specific member(s) of a group (things,
places or people) that is known to you:
the tall man, the big house, the man next to me;
• the indefinite articles a/an:
You use them before a singular noun when you talk about
any general thing:
a line, a house, a kitchen, a person, an apple, an airport, an
idea, an umbrella
•a before nouns/adjectives or numbers that start with
a consonant:
a line, a kitchen, a person, a dog, a book, a tall man, a
five-year-old boy, a job interview.
•an before nouns that start with a vowel sound:
an apple, an idea, an umbrella, an egg, an hour, an
eight-year-old girl, an interview
Use ‘an’, ‘a’ or ‘the’ appropriately in the sentences given below.
1.ali is ___ honest man.
2.King Arthur was ___ just king.
3.____ lion let go of ___ mouse.
4.I have fixed ___ appointment with ___ doctor.
5.Will you take ___ picture of us?
6.I broke ___ vase my brother brought.
7.My mother has ___ polka-dotted umbrella.
8.The team organised __ friendly match with ___ Presidents of both ___ countries.
9.We had __ mulberry tree in the garden.
10.___ Eiffel Tower lights up at night.
11.___ huge building turned to dust due to __ earthquake.
12.___ famous band Beatles is coming to Texas tomorrow.
13.Charles Babbage is considered as ___ father of computers.
14.__ famous poem ‘Ode to a Nightingale’ is written by __ Romantic poet John Keats.
15.__ Pacific Ocean is one of __ five oceans of __ world.
16.__ painter drew __ life-sized portrait of Mrs Mary Poppins.
17.My son is ___ apple of my eye.
18.___ history professor who taught us is retiring today.
19.___ oranges I brought were very sour.
20.Shery will take __ train from __ next stop
1. Tom went to market to buy books ( __________ ).
2. He went to the market but ( __________ ) did not buy new books.
3. I liked ( __________ ) him ( __________ ) better than he likes me.
4. A smart girl was dancing quickly ( __________ ).
5. She ( __________ ) eats apples in the morning daily.
6. When he was sitting ( __________ ) on the grass, a snake bit him.
7. You ( __________ ) caught him by his arm.
8. A rich ( __________ ) lady bought a beautiful
( __________ ) necklace.
9. Hurrah! ( __________ ) I have passed the examination.
10. The cat is sitting under ( __________ ) the chair.
1. Alas! ( __________ ) I could not receive you.
2. The body of the cage is made of iron. ( __________ )
3. It is not your ( __________ ) pen; it is hers.
4. There is still some milk in ( __________ ) the jug.
5. Jimmy is performing ( __________ ) his duties diligently.
6. The drawing made by you is almost ( __________ ) perfect.
7. I shall not go unless ( __________ ) you allow.
8. The road is to ( __________ ) go by.
9. The flowers smell sweet. ( __________ )
10. He frequently ( __________ ) goes to the beach.
1. He is an old friend of mine.
2. I was pleasantly surprised when she showed up at the door unannounced.
3. I never expected that I would win the first prize so I couldn’t believe my ears
when they announced my name as the winner.
4. Everybody hates him for his repulsive looks.
5. John came later than Peter.
6. I think the latter part of the film is more interesting than the former part.
7. I am going to make an early start so that I won’t get stuck in the traffic.
8. It is more expensive to travel on Friday, so I will leave on Thursday evening.
9. The baby does not resemble either of its parents.
10. In my opinion, she should have resigned earlier.
11. I was distressed to hear about his death.
12. That policeman is a friend of mine.
13. I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive all the way
to a beach resort.
14. A friend of mine has just invited me to Italy.
15. I prefer making toys for my children rather than buying them in the toy
store.