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    L5 Atomic Structure

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    L5 Atomic Structure

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    6 views14 pages

    L5 Atomic Structure

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    Unit 3:

    L4: ATOMIC
    STRUCTURE
    LI: To understand an element, atom and structure of an atom.

    SC: SWBAT:
    ● Define an element and atom.
    ● list the subatomic particles of an atom.
    ● describe the arrangement of subatomic particles in an
    atom.

    Key vocabulary: Element, Atom, Proton, Electron, Neutron,


    Nucleus, Atomic Number, Atomic Mass
    Warm up
    ● Write what you have
    understood after
    watching this video.,
    into your notebook.

    ● Share in classroom.
    What is an atom and element
    .

    An atom is the smallest particle of a


    pure substance.

    Element is a pure substance made up of one type of


    atom. It cannot be separated into a simpler
    substance by physical or chemical means. Eg:
    lead(Pb) atoms and Chlorine(Cl).
    Atomic Structure
    • Atoms consist of an extremely small, positively charged nucleus
    consisting of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of
    negatively charged electrons.

    • Where,
    protons – positively charged particles,
    neutrons – neutral particles and
    electrons – negatively charged particles

    • Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus.

    • Electrons are found in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.


    Atomic Number
    The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons found in its
    nucleus.

    Atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons


    Example:
    Boron has an atomic number of 5.
    It means that:
    • Number of protons = 5
    • Number of electrons = 5
    Mass Number or Atomic Mass
    Mass number: the total number of protons and neutrons in the
    nucleus. Each proton and neutron has a mass of approximately 1
    dalton.

    Number of Neutrons = Mass Number – Protons (Atomic Number)

    Boron has a mass number = 11


    Protons (atomic number) = 5.

    Therefore, number of Neutrons = 11 - 5 = 6


    How do the subatomic particles balance each other?

    In an atom: The protons = the electrons

    If 20 protons are present in an atom then 20 electrons are


    there to balance the overall charge of the atom—atoms
    are neutral.

    The neutrons have no charge; therefore they do not have to


    equal the number of protons or electrons.
    Bohr’s Model of an Atom
    This model states
    that electrons move
    in fixed orbitals
    (shells) and not
    anywhere in
    between and each
    orbit (shell) has a
    fixed energy.
    How the orbits are filled according to Bohr model
    Shell Number of electrons
    n=1, K 2
    n=2, L 8
    n=3, M 18
    n=4, N 32

    The maximum number of electrons in a shell is given by the


    formula 2n2 where n is the number of the shell 1, 2, 3 etc.
    BOHR Model of ATOM (Helium)

    proton Shell

    + N
    N +
    -
    -
    electron neutron
    Some examples for Bohr model of Electron configuration
    Worksheet: Atomic Structure

    Beginning: 1-2

    Consolidating: 3-7

    Extending: 8-9
    REFLECTION - EXIT TICKET

    How many protons, electrons and neutrons does


    this atom have?

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