QUANTITATIVE

RESEARCH DESIGN
&
SAMPLING PROCEDURE
AND SAMPLE
 OUR After this discussion, you are
LEARNING expected to have the ability
GOALS to…

1 Choose appropriate quantitative

Understanding Data research design (CS_RS12-Iia-c-1);
and Ways to Describe sampling procedure and
Systematically 2 sample (CS_RS12-Iia-c-2);
Collect Data:
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

2
 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

•!
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Locale and Population of the Study
Data Gathering Instruments
Data Gathering Procedure
Statistical Treatment of Data
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design is the
conceptual structure with in which
research is conducted. It is constitutes
the blueprint for the collection,
measurement and analysis of data.
 Types of Quantitative Research
Designs

Manipulating
Studying Correla Experi conditions and
relationships tional mental studying effects
Non-
experimental
research
Descrip
Describing tive
characteristics
 Quantitative Research
Designs Examples:
Challenges of Grade 12
Descriptive Students in online &
The purpose of Research Printed Modular
descriptive Distance Learning
research is Sometimes called Modalities
basically to survey research, it
aims to describe Predictors of Grade 11
answer questions
systematically the Students’ Performance
such as who, facts and Your Education
in Physical
what, where, characteristics of a Turnyour chosen
Consider
when, and how given population or research interest or topic.
area of interest, Come up with a research
much. title that is descriptive
factually and
research.
accurately
 Quantitative Research
Designs
Correlational Examples:
The main goal of
this design is to
Research
Relationship between
determine if grades in Math and
variable aims to describe and Physics
increases or measure the degree
of association Relationship between
decreases as
between two or more phone brand and
another variable variables or sets of Facebook usage
increases or scores. among teens
decreases.
Quantitative Research
Designs
Experimental
Types
Research True experiments
Independent
EG: R O1 x O2
variable
CG: R O1 x O2
attempts to influence
Quasi-experiments
a particular variable EG: O1 x O2
Dependent CG: O1 x O2
variable tests hypotheses
about cause-and-
effect relationships
 Quantitative Research
Designs
Examples:
The researcher Ex Post Facto
Effects of Teacher
has no control gender on Students
over the Behaviour
variables in the The objective of
research study. this study is to Evaluation Framework
measure a cause for Place-Based Police
Intervention
from a pre-
existing effect
ACTIVITY: DETERMINE THE
RESEARCH DESIGN
CHALLENGES OF GRADE 12 STUDENTS
IN ONLINE AND PRINTED MODULAR
DISTANCE LEARNING MODALITIES
ANSWER:
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
POTENTIAL USE OF PAMPAS GRASS (Cotaderia
selloana) AS A SUBSTITUTE RAW MATERIAL
FOR PAPER MAKING
ANSWER:
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
THE ATTITUDE OF GRADE 11 STEM STUDENTS
TOWARDS LEARNING MATHEMATICS IN AN
ONLINE CLASS
ANSWER:
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
A CORRELATIONAL STUDY ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN
SPECIALIZED SUBJECTS AND LEVEL OF CONFIDENCE IN
PURSUING ABM-RELATED COURSES
ANSWER:
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH DESIGN
IMPROVISED STOVE WITH FILTERS USING WASTE
COOKING OIL(WACOO): AN ALTERNATIVE FOR
NORMAL GAS FUEL
ANSWER:
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
Population and Sample
Population - is the totality of all the objects, elements,
persons, and characteristics under consideration.
When the whole population is too costly or time-consuming
or impractical to consider, then, a sample representative is
identified.
Sample – is the subset of population.
Note: the larger the sample, the more reliable the sample
be, but still, it will depend on the scope and delimitation and
research design of the study.
Approaches in Identifying the Sample Size
Heuristics. This approach refers to the general rule or rule of
the thumb for sample size. This is the earliest established
approach for sample sizes for different research designs.
Research Design Suggested Number of
Subjects/Participants
Descriptive Research 10% to 20% maybe
required
Comparative Research 15 subjects or groups
Survey 800
Correlational 100 to 200
Ex post facto 30+

Experimental 30 or more
Formulas. Formulas are also being established for the computation of
an acceptable sample size.
Slovin’s Formula
Slovins’s formula is used to calculate an appropriate sample size
from a population.

n=
where: n = sample size
N = population size
e = desired margin of error
Note: If there is no margin of error, then use 5 %.
e.g. 1
In the study, the size of the
population is 2000. Find the sample
size with 97% confidence level.
e.g. 2 Find the sample size of every respondent.
RESPONDENTS POPULATION SAMPLE SIZE
SIZE
STEM 200
ABM 150
TVL 300
 Probability Sampling in Quantitative Research
Simple Random Sampling
It is a way of choosing individuals in which all members
of the accessible population are given an equal chance to be
selected. There are various ways of obtaining samples
through simple random sampling. These are fishbowl
technique, roulette wheel, or use of the table of random
numbers.
 Stratified Random Sampling
The same with simple random sampling, stratified
random sampling also gives an equal chance to all
members of the population to be chosen.
However, the population is first divided into strata or
groups before selecting the samples
Cluster Sampling
This procedure is usually applied in large-scale
studies, geographical spread out of the population is a
challenge, and gathering information will be very time-
consuming. Similar to stratified random sampling, cluster
sampling also involves grouping of the population
according to subgroups or clusters.
 Systematic Sampling
This procedure is as simple as selecting samples
every nth (example every 2nd, 5th) of the chosen
population until arriving at a desired total number of
sample size. Therefore, the selection is based on a
predetermined interval. Dividing the population size by
the sample size, the interval will be obtained.
 QUOTES/WOW FOR THE WEEK

DESIGNING WITHOUT RESEARCH IS LIKE GETTING

INTO A TAXI AND JUST SAYING, “DRIVE.”