Mariam Gamil

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
OBJECTIVE : INFORMATION SYSTEM

BY : MARIAM GAMIL
NO:3267
1.DEFINE THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ?
• Information technology is systems of hardware and software that capture , process , store and present
information using electrical magnetic and electromagnetic energy .
2.DEFINE THE INFORMATION SYSTEM ?
• A set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and disseminate data and information; an
information system provides a feedback mechanism to monitor and control its operation to make sure it
continues to meet its goals and objectives.
• data: Raw facts
• information: A collection of data organized and processed so that it has additional value beyond the
value of the individual facts.
• process: A set of logically related tasks
• knowledge: The awareness and understanding of a set of information and the ways that information can
be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision.
3.DISCUSS WHY IT IS IMPORTANT TO STUDY AND UNDERSTAND
INFORMATION SYSTEM ?
• Accounting and finance: Information systems are used to forecast revenues and expenses ,determine
the best sources and uses of funds ,manage cash and other financial resources, analyze investments,
and perform audits to make sure that the organization is financially sound and that all financial reports
and documents are accurate.
• Customer service: Information systems are used to capture data about customers and their interactions
with the company to better understand their needs and issues and enable superior customer service.
Human resources : Information systems help human resource staff screen job applicants, administer
performance tests to employees, monitor employee productivity, and generate required government
reports
Manufacturing : Information systems are used to process customer orders, develop production
schedules, control inventory levels, and monitor product quality
3.DISCUSS WHY IT IS IMPORTANT TO STUDY AND
UNDERSTAND INFORMATION SYSTEM ?
• Research and development : Information systems help R&D staff design products, gather input from
customers that leads to new ideas and improvements, and enable the sharing of information with a
worldwide community of researchers.
• Sales and marketing : Information systems help sales and marketing personnel develop new goods and
services (product analysis), determine the best advertising and sales approaches (promotion analysis),
and set optimal product prices to get the highest total revenues (price analysis).
4.DISCUSS THE CHARACTERS OF VALUABLE INFORMATION ?
• Accessible: Information should be easily accessible by authorized users so they can obtain it in the right
format and at the right time to meet their needs.
• Accurate : Accurate information is error free. In some cases, inaccurate information is generated because
inaccurate data is fed into the transformation process. This is commonly called garbage in garbage out.
• Complete : Complete information contains all the important facts. For example, an investment report that
does not include all important costs is not complete.
• Economical : Information should also be relatively economical to produce. Decision makers must always
balance the value of information with the cost of producing it.
• Flexible : Flexible information can be used for a variety of purposes. For example, information on how much
inventory is on hand for a particular part can be used by a sales representative in closing a sale, by a
production manager to determine whether more inventory is needed, and by a financial executive to
determine the amount of money the company has invested in inventory.
• Relevant : Relevant information is important to the decision maker. Information showing that lumber prices
might drop is probably not relevant to a computer chip manufacturer
4.DISCUSS THE CHARACTERS OF VALUABLE INFORMATION ?
• Reliable : Reliable information can be trusted by users. In many cases, the reliability of the information
depends on the reliability of the data-collection method. In other instances, reliability depends on the
source of the information. A rumor from an unknown source that oil prices might go up may not be reliable.
• Secure : Information should be secure from access by unauthorized users.
• Simple : Information should be simple, not complex. Sophisticated and detailed information might not be
needed. In fact, too much information can cause information overload, whereby a decision maker has too
much information and is unable to determine what is really important.
• Timely : Timely information is delivered when it is needed. Knowing last week’s weather conditions will not
help when trying to decide what coat to wear today.
• Verifiable : Information should be verifiable. This means that you can check it to make sure it is correct,
perhaps by checking many sources for the same information.
5.LIST THE COMPONENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEM ?
• They are two type of information system :

• 1 IS : collecting (input) / manipulation / store / disseminate data and information (output) / feedback
• 2. computer based information system (CBIS) : hardware / software / database / network / people /
procedures
6.IDENTIFY THE BASIC CLASSIFICATION OF BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEMS
AND DISCUSS WHO USES THEN HOW THEY ARE USED AND WHAT KINDS OF
BENEFIT THEY DELIVER ?
• 1.Transaction processing system (TPS) : which capture and process the detailed data necessary to
update records about the fundamental business operations of the organization
• 2.Management information system (MIS) : is an organized collection of people , procedures , software ,
databases , and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers
• 3.Expert systems :
• Dxplain system : used in hospitals and medical schools for clinical studies
• PUFF system
• PEIRS system
• 4.Decision support system : executive information system , online analytical processing , business
intelligence , and business analytics have gained in capabilities and expanded in scope to add new
functionality but all have had the goal of deriving the most value out of the data available .
THANK YOU

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

OBJECTIVE : INFORMATION SYSTEM

• They are two type of information system :

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