Congruence

of
Triangles
APARANA TIWARI
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APARANA TIWARI
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 C
B
S
E

Congruence of
M
A
T
H
S

Triangles
C
L
A
S
S

APARANA TIWARI
7
Topics Covered
Congruence
01 Congruence of Plane Figures
04 Congruence of Triangles

02 Congruence of Line Segments

05 Congruence Criterion

03 Congruence of Angles
 Introduction

Objects which have the same shape and

size are said to be congruent.

Example: Two ₹5 coins created from the

same mould are congruent.

The relationship between two congruent

objects is known as congruence.
Congruence of Plane Figures
Figure A is congruent to figure B.

written as A≅B
Superposition Method
Out of the two figures (i) & (ii),
one can be traced. A B

Place the traced copy over the

other.
Fig (i) Fig (ii)
If they match they are equal.
Congruence of Plane Figures

Figure C ≅ Figure D
Congruence symbol:

Cut and Compare method

C D
Cut out of one figure and place
it on the other.

Figures are congruent if they

are equal.
Congruence of Plane Figures
P and Q are not congruent to each
other. we write, P≇Q

Figures do not seem congruent P

Q
to each other.

They differ in size.

 Q1
The relationship between two
objects having the same shape and
size is called ____________.

a) congruent
b) congruential
c) congruence
d) All of the above
 A1
Ans: (c) congruence

The relationship between two objects having

the same shape and size is called congruence.
Let’s Recall

If two plane figures are of the same shape and

size, they are congruent.

The symbol for congruence is ≅

The symbol to represent non-congruence is ≇

Congruence of Line
Segments
If two line segments have equal length,
they are congruent.

A
• We have two line segments AB
and LM. L
• When placed one over the other
they exactly coincide with each
other. B
• Line segments AB and LM have
the same length. M
• Line segments AB and LM are
congruent.
• AB ≅ LM
Congruence of Line
Segments
Conversely,
If two line segments are congruent, then J U
they have equal lengths.

JK and UV are two line segments

and JK ≅ UV.

This means that the lengths of the

two line segments are equal.

Therefore, JK ≅ UV
K V
Congruence of Line
Segments
Line segments GH and RT do not have
equal length.
GH ≇ RT
G H
Unequal line segments are not
congruent.
R T
Line segments GH and RT have
different lengths.

Hence, they are not congruent.

 Q1
Line segments AB and PQ are
congruent. Find the length of PQ, if
AB is 16 cm.
 A1
As AB and PQ are congruent, they have the
same length.

Length of PQ = 16cm
Let’s Recall

Two line segments with equal length are

congruent.

Two congruent line segments have equal lengths.

Congruence of Angles

If two angles have equal measures, they

are congruent. A

∠ABC = 50° and ∠PQR = 50°

B C
Both the angles have the same P
measure.

ABC and PQR are congruent.

ABC ≅ PQR
Q R
Congruence of Angles
J
Conversely,
If two angles are congruent, then they
have an equal measure.

JKL and UVT are two angles and JKL

≅ UVT.

This means that the measures of U

these two angles are equal. K L

∠JKL = ∠UVT T
V
Congruence of Angles F

Two angles FGH and RTY do not have an

equal measure.
FGH ≇ RTY

G H
If the angles do not have an equal
measure they are not congruent. R
∠FGH = 70° and ∠RTY = 55°

Hence, they are not congruent.

T Y
 Q1
Two angles are said to be congruent if they
_______________________________.

a) are drawn on the same sheet of paper

b) have the same size and shape
c) have the same measure
d) All of the above
 A1
c) Two angles are said to be congruent if
they have the same measure.
Let’s Recall

If two angles have an equal measure, they are

said to be congruent.

If two angles are congruent, their measures are

equal.
Congruence of Triangles
A

Two triangles having the same shape

and size are said to be congruent.

Here ⃤ have the same shape and J

size.

⃤ ABC is congruent to ⃤ JKL

B C

⃤ ABC ≅ ⃤ JKL
Denoted as

K L
Congruence of Triangles

When superimposed, congruent triangles

appear as one.
AJ
i.e. they cover each other entirely.

Each vertex and sides coincide with each other.

Sides of the two triangles that coincide are

called corresponding sides.
BK LC

Coinciding angles of the two triangles are

called corresponding angles.
Corresponding sides and angles of congruent
Triangles
A J

C L
B K

Corresponding Corresponding Corresponding If the

Vertices: Sides: Angles: corresponding
A J A J sides and angles
AB JK
are equal, the
B K BC KL B K triangles are said
C L AC JL C L to be congruent.
 Q1
Given ⃤ SDR ≅ ⃤ CVB, the corresponding
part of side DR in ⃤ CVB is _________.

a) CV
b) CB
c) VB
d) None of the above
 A1
(c) VB

Given ⃤ SDR ≅ ⃤ CVB, the corresponding part of side

Solution:

DR in ⃤ CVB is VB.
Corresponding sides and angles of congruent
Triangles
J
A
Conversely, if two triangles are congruent, then their
corresponding sides and angles are equal.

The corresponding parts of congruent triangles are

always equal.
[C.P.C.T] = Corresponding Part of Congruent Triangle B C K L
Corresponding sides are equal.
J
AB = JK [ C.P.C.T] A
BC = KL [ C.P.C.T]
AC = JL [ C.P.C.T]

Corresponding angles are equal.

A = J [ C.P.C.T]
K C
B = K [ C.P.C.T]
C = L [ C.P.C.T] B L
Example
Given two triangles ⃤ ABC ≅ ⃤ PQR, write all the corresponding parts of
the congruent triangles.

⃤ ABC ≅ ⃤ PQR,
Solution: Given

Vertices: A = P, B = Q, C = R

Sides : AB = PQ, BC = QR, CA = RP

Angles: ∠A = ∠P, ∠B = ∠Q, ∠C = ∠R,

 Q1
Which of the following statement is true?

A
P 5.3 cm Q
4.2
cm
cm
3

3
cm

cm
B 4.2
5.3 cm C
R

⃤ ⃤
⃤ ⃤
a) ABC ≅ PQR

⃤ ⃤
b) ABC ≅ RPQ

⃤ ⃤
c) BAC ≅ PQR
d) ABC ≅ RQP
 A1
ABC ≅ RPQ
The corresponding sides must be matched and the
corresponding vertices should be mapped.
Let’s Recall

Two triangles with the same shape and size are

called congruent triangles.

If two triangles are congruent, their corresponding

sides and angles are equal.
Congruence Criterion
To check the congruency of two triangles there is no need to always check for all
sides and all angles.

Satisfying any one of the following criteria is sufficient to prove the congruence of two
triangles.

The SSS Congruence criterion: Side - Side - Side

The SAS Congruence criterion: Side - Angle – Side

The ASA Congruence criterion: Angle – Side – Angle

The RHS Congruence criterion: Right Angle – Hypotenuse - Side

Example of SSS
Congruence Criterion
D
In the given figure, AR = DW and AW = DR.
a) Name the triangles formed in the figure.
b) State the corresponding parts that are equal
in both the triangles.
c) Are the two triangles congruent? Justify.

a) The two triangles formed are ⃤⃤⃤ DWR and ⃤⃤⃤

W
AWR
b) The corresponding equal parts are:
DW = AR [Given] R
DR = AW [Given]

c) ⃤⃤⃤ DWR ≅ ⃤⃤⃤ AWR by the SSS Congruence

WR = WR [Common side]

criterion.

A
The SAS Congruence
Criterion
W

In a triangle, if any two sides and the angle

between them is equal to the corresponding
two sides and the included angle of the other
triangle, then the two triangles are said to be
congruent by the SAS Congruence criterion.
E R
• In the following corresponding parts are equal.
• WE = SD
• ∠WER = ∠SDF [Angle included between the S
two sides]
• ER = DF

• ⃤ WER is congruent to ⃤ SDF by the SAS D

• Or we say, ⃤ WER ≅ ⃤ SDF
Congruence criterion.

F
 Q1
Which of the following statement is true if ⃤ PQR ≅ ⃤ XYZ by SAS congruence criterion?

P X

4.
4.

5
cm

5
cm

cm
7
5.

cm
7
5.

Q 5.5 cm R Y 5.5 cm Z

a) PQ = XY, PR = XZ, ∠R = ∠Z
b) QR = YZ, PR = XZ, ∠R = ∠Z
c) QR = YZ, PQ = XY, ∠R = ∠Z
d) QR = XY, PQ = YZ, ∠R = ∠Z
 A1
b) QR = YZ, PR = XZ, R = Z
Example of SAS
Congruence Criterion
A B

a) ⃤ AOB ≅ ⃤ DOC
In the given figure, prove that

b) AB = CD

a) In ⃤ AOB and ⃤ DOC,

DO = BO [Given]
O
CO = AO [Given]

⃤ AOB ≅ ⃤ DOC by the SAS Congruence criterion

AOB = COD [VOA]

b) AB = CD
CD = AB [ C.P.C.T ]
Hence, proved.
D C
The ASA Congruence
Criterion
W
If any two angles and the side between them in
a triangle is equal to the corresponding two angles
and the included side in another triangle, then the
two triangles are said to be congruent by the ASA
Congruence criterion.
E R
• In the following corresponding parts are equal.
• ∠RWE = ∠FSD
• WE = SD [Side included between the two angles]
S
• ∠WER = ∠SDF

• ⃤ WER is congruent to ⃤ SDF by the ASA Congruence

• Or, ⃤ WER ≅ ⃤ SDF

criterion.
D

F
Example of ASA
Congruence Criterion
a) ⃤ LNM ≅ ⃤ LPM
In the given figure, LM bisects NLP and Prove that
b) NM = PM c) LN = LP

a) In, ⃤ LNM ≅ ⃤ LPM L

∠NLM = ∠PLM [Given LM bisects NLP]
LM = LM [common side]

Thus, ⃤ LNM ≅ ⃤ LPM by the ASA Congruence criterion.

∠NML = ∠PML [Given LM bisects NMP]

N P
b) NM = PM by the ASA Congruence criterion.
NM = PM [C.P.C.T]

c) ⃤ LNM ≅ ⃤ LPM by the ASA Congruence criterion.

M
LN = LP [C.P.C.T]
Hence, proved
The RHS Congruence
Criterion
W
If the hypotenuse and any one side of a right-angled
triangle are equal to the hypotenuse and the
corresponding side of another right-angled triangle, then
the two triangles are said to be congruent by the RHS
Congruence criterion.

• In right-angled triangles, the following corresponding S

parts are equal. E R
• WR = SF [Hypotenuse]
• WER = SDF [Right angle]
• ER = DF [a side]

• ◣WER is congruent to ◣SDF by the RHS Congruence

criterion.
• Or, ◣WER ≅ ◣SDF D F
Example of RHS
Congruence Criterion
In the given figure prove that, P
a) ◣PQR ≅ ◣SRQ
b) PQ = SR

• a) In the right-angled triangles

• ∠PQR = ∠SRQ = 90° [Right Angle] R
• PR = SQ [Hypotenuse] [Given] Q
• QR = QR [common side]
• ◣WER ≅ ◣SDF by the RHS Congruence criterion.

• b) ◣PQR ≅ ◣SRQ by the RHS Congruence criterion.

• PQ = SR [C.P.C.T]
• Thus, proved. S
 Q1
Which of the following statements are true?
P
A

B C Q R
a) ⃤ ABC ≅ ⃤ PQR by the AAA Congruence criterion
b) ⃤ ABC ≅ ⃤ PQR by the ASA Congruence criterion
c) ⃤ ABC ≅ ⃤ PQR by the SAS Congruence criterion
d) None of the above
 A1
d) None of the Above
There is no such condition as AAA [ Angle – Angle –
Angle] criteria to test congruence. W
All 3 angles can be equal and but sides can vary in the
two triangles.
The triangles appear different.
To prove congruence, triangles should have the exact
size and shape. E R
S
• In the given two triangles,
• WER = SDF [Angle]
• EWR = DSF [Angle ]
• WRE = SFD [Angle]

• Hence ⃤ WER is not congruent to ⃤ SDF

• But the sides differ.

• Or we can say that ⃤ WER ≇ ⃤ SDF D F

Summary
The SSS Congruence criterion states that two triangles are congruent if the corresponding three sides of
both the triangles are equal.

The SAS Congruence criterion states that two triangles are congruent if the two sides and the included
angle of one triangle are equal to the corresponding two sides and the included angle of the other triangle.

The ASA Congruence criterion states that two triangles are congruent if the two angles and the included
side of one triangle is equal to the corresponding two angles and included side of the other triangle.

The RHS Congruence criterion states that two right-angled triangles are congruent if the hypotenuse and
any side of one right-angled triangle are equal to the hypotenuse and the corresponding side of the other
right-angled triangle.
THE 2-MIN TEST
Let’s Crack IT!
State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Two equilateral triangles one of side 3 cm and other having side 5cm are congruent by AAA criteria
2. A triangle having 2 sides and the included angle equal to the corresponding 2 sides and included angle of
another triangle is said to be congruent by the SAS Congruence criterion.

In the given figure, PQ = PR, PS is the median of the ⃤ PQR.

Answer the following.

a) Is ⃤ PQS ≅ ⃤ PRS? Justify.

P
b) b) Is ∠Q = ∠R? Give reasons.

Q S R
Answer
Let’s Crack IT!
State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Two equilateral triangles one of side 3 cm and other having side 5cm are congruent by AAA criteria
Answer: False

2. A triangle having 2 sides and the included angle equal to the corresponding 2 sides and included angle of
another triangle is said to be congruent by the SAS Congruence criterion.
Answer: True
Answer
Let’s Crack IT!
In the given figure, PQ = PR, PS is the median of the ⃤ PQR.
Answer the following.

a) Is ⃤ PQS ≅ ⃤ PRS? Justify.

1.

b) Is ∠Q = ∠R? Give reasons.

P
Answer:
a) PQ = PR [Given]
PS = PS [common side]
QS = RS [ Given PS is the median. Median bisect the side]

⃤ PQS ≅ ⃤ PRS by the SSS Congruence criterion.

b) ⃤ PQS ≅ ⃤ PRS by the SSS Congruence criterion.

∠Q = ∠R [C.P.C.T] Q S R
……..
(iii) Two square are congruent if
………
(iv) Two rectangles are
congruent if ………
(v) Two circles are congruent if
…….
……..
(iii) Two square are congruent if
………
(iv) Two rectangles are
congruent if ………
(v) Two circles are congruent if
…….
(i) They are of equal lengths
(ii) Their measures are the same or equal.
(iii) Their sides are equal or they have the same
side length
(iv) Their dimensions are same that is lengths
are equal and their breadths are also equal.
(v) They have same radii
can we say
that ∠POR ≅∠QOS
can we say
that ∠POR ≅∠QOS

Given that
∠POQ ≅∠ROS
Also ∠ROQ ≅∠ROQ
Therefore adding ∠ROQ to both sides of
∠POQ ≅∠ROS,
We get, ∠POQ + ∠ROQ ≅∠ROQ + ∠ROS
Therefore, ∠POR ≅∠QOS
. In fig.16, AD = DC and AB = BC
(i) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔCBD?
(ii) State the three parts of matching pairs
you have used to answer
. In fig.16, AD = DC and AB = BC
(i) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔCBD?
(ii) State the three parts of matching pairs
you have used to answer

i) Yes ΔABD ≅ΔCBD by the SSS criterion.

SSS criterion is two triangles are congruent, if
the three sides of triangle are respectively equal
to the three sides of the other triangle.
Hence ΔABD ≅ΔCBD
(ii) We have used the three conditions in the SSS
criterion as follows:
AD = DC
AB = BC and
DB = BD
. In Fig. 17, AB = DC and BC = AD.
(i) Is ΔABC ≅ ΔCDA?
(ii) What congruence condition have you used?
(iii) You have used some fact, not given in the question, what is that?
. In Fig. 17, AB = DC and BC = AD.
(i) Is ΔABC ≅ ΔCDA?
(ii) What congruence condition have you used?
(iii) You have used some fact, not given in the question, what is that?

Solution:
(i) From the figure we have AB = DC
BC = AD
And AC = CA
SSS criterion is two triangles are congruent, if
the three sides of triangle are respectively equal
to the three sides of the other triangle.
Therefore by SSS criterion ΔABC ≅ ΔCDA
(ii) We have used Side Side Side congruence
condition with one side common in both the
triangles.
(iii)Yes, we have used the fact that AC = CA.
. Triangles ABC and PQR are both isosceles with AB = AC and PQ = PR
respectively. If also, AB = PQ and BC = QR, are the two triangles congruent?
Which condition do you use?
It ∠B = 50°, what is the measure of ∠R?
. Triangles ABC and PQR are both isosceles with AB = AC and PQ = PR
respectively. If also, AB = PQ and BC = QR, are the two triangles congruent?
Which condition do you use?
It ∠B = 50°, what is the measure of ∠R?

Solution:
Given that AB = AC in isosceles ΔABC
And PQ = PR in isosceles ΔPQR.
Also given that AB = PQ and QR = BC.
Therefore, AC = PR (AB = AC, PQ = PR and AB =
PQ)
Hence, ΔABC ≅ ΔPQR
Now
∠ABC = ∠PQR (Since triangles are congruent)
However, ΔPQR is isosceles.
Therefore, ∠PRQ = ∠PQR = ∠ABC = 50o
ABC and DBC are both isosceles triangles on a common base BC
such that A and D lie on the same side of BC. Are triangles ADB
and ADC congruent? Which condition do you use? If ∠BAC = 40°
and ∠BDC = 100°, then find ∠ADB.
ABC and DBC are both isosceles triangles on a common base BC
such that A and D lie on the same side of BC. Are triangles ADB
and ADC congruent? Which condition do you use? If ∠BAC = 40°
and ∠BDC = 100°, then find ∠ADB.

Given ABC and DBC are both isosceles triangles on a common base BC
∠BAD = ∠CAD (corresponding parts of congruent triangles)
∠BAD + ∠CAD = 40o/ 2
∠BAD = 40o/2 =20o
∠ABC + ∠BCA + ∠BAC = 180 o (Angle sum property)
Since ΔABC is an isosceles triangle,
∠ABC = ∠BCA
∠ABC +∠ABC + 40o = 180o
2 ∠ABC = 180o– 40o = 140o
∠ABC = 140o/2 = 70o
∠DBC + ∠ BCD + ∠ BDC = 180 o (Angle sum property)
Since ΔDBC is an isosceles triangle, ∠ DBC = ∠BCD
∠DBC + ∠DBC + 100o = 180o
2 ∠DBC = 180°– 100o = 80o
∠DBC = 80o/2 = 40o
In Δ BAD,
∠ABD + ∠BAD + ∠ADB = 180 o (Angle sum property)
30o + 20o + ∠ADB = 180o (∠ADB = ∠ABC – ∠DBC),
∠ADB = 180o– 20oa– 30o
∠ADB = 130o
. Δ ABC and ΔABD are on a common base AB, and AC = BD and BC
= AD as shown in Fig. 18. Which of the following statements is
true?
(i) ΔABC ≅ ΔABD
(ii) ΔABC ≅ ΔADB
(iii) ΔABC ≅ ΔBAD
. Δ ABC and ΔABD are on a common base AB, and AC = BD and BC
= AD as shown in Fig. 18. Which of the following statements is
true?
(i) ΔABC ≅ ΔABD
(ii) ΔABC ≅ ΔADB
(iii) ΔABC ≅ ΔBAD

In ΔABC and ΔBAD we have,

AC = BD (given)
BC = AD (given)
And AB = BA (corresponding parts of congruent
triangles)
Therefore by SSS criterion of congruency,
ΔABC ≅ ΔBAD
Therefore option (iii) is true.
In Fig. 19, ΔABC is isosceles with AB = AC, D is the mid-point of base BC.
(i) Is ΔADB ≅ ΔADC?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts you use to arrive at your answer.
In Fig. 19, ΔABC is isosceles with AB = AC, D is the mid-point of base BC.
(i) Is ΔADB ≅ ΔADC?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts you use to arrive at your answer.

i) Given that AB = AC.

Also since D is the midpoint of BC, BD = DC
Also, AD = DA
Therefore by SSS condition,
ΔADB ≅ ΔADC
(ii)We have used AB, AC; BD, DC and AD, DA
Triangles ABC and DBC have side BC common, AB = BD and AC =
CD. Are the two triangles congruent? State in symbolic form,
which congruence do you use? Does ∠ABD equal ∠ACD? Why or
why not?
Triangles ABC and DBC have side BC common, AB = BD and AC =
CD. Are the two triangles congruent? State in symbolic form,
which congruence do you use? Does ∠ABD equal ∠ACD? Why or
why not?

Yes, the two triangles are congruent because

given that ABC and DBC have side BC common,
AB = BD and AC = CD
Also from the above data we can say
By SSS criterion of congruency, ΔABC ≅ ΔDBC
No, ∠ABD and ∠ACD are not equal because
AB not equal to AC
By applying SAS congruence condition, state which of the
following pairs (Fig. 28) of triangle are congruent. State
the result in symbolic form
By applying SAS congruence condition, state which of the
following pairs (Fig. 28) of triangle are congruent. State
the result in symbolic form

(i) From the figure we have OA = OC and OB =

OD and
∠AOB = ∠COD which are vertically opposite
angles.
Therefore by SAS condition, ΔAOB ≅ΔCOD
(ii) From the figure we have BD = DC
∠ADB = ∠ADC = 90o and AD = DA
Therefore, by SAS condition, ΔADB ≅ΔADC.
(iii) From the figure we have AB = DC
∠ABD = ∠CDB and BD = DB
Therefore, by SAS condition, ΔABD ≅ΔCBD
(iv) We have BC = QR
ABC = PQR = 90o
And AB = PQ
Therefore, by SAS condition, ΔABC≅ ΔPQR.
of triangles are
congruent.
of triangles are
congruent.
Solution:
(i) AB = AD
BC = CD and AC = CA
Therefore by SSS condition, ΔABC≅ ΔADC
(ii) AC = BD
AD = BC and AB = BA
Therefore, by SSS condition, ΔABD ≅ ΔBAC
(iii) AB = AD
∠BAC = ∠DAC and AC = CA
Therefore by SAS condition, ΔBAC ≅ ΔDAC
(iv) AD = BC
∠DAC = ∠BCA and AC = CA
Therefore, by SAS condition, ΔABC ≅ ΔADC
. In fig. 30, line segments AB and CD bisect each other at O. Which of the
following statements is true?
(i) ΔAOC ≅ ΔDOB
(ii) ΔAOC ≅ ΔBOD
(iii) ΔAOC ≅ ΔODB
State the three pairs of matching parts, you have used to arrive at the
answer.
. In fig. 30, line segments AB and CD bisect each other at O. Which of the
following statements is true?
(i) ΔAOC ≅ ΔDOB
(ii) ΔAOC ≅ ΔBOD
(iii) ΔAOC ≅ ΔODB
State the three pairs of matching parts, you have used to arrive at the
answer.

From the figure we have,

AO = OB
And, CO = OD
Also, AOC = BOD
Therefore, by SAS condition, ΔAOC ≅ ΔBOD
Hence, (ii) statement is true.
 Line-segments AB and CD bisect each other at O. AC and BD are joined forming triangles AOC
and BOD. State the three equality relations between the parts of the two triangles that are
given or otherwise known. Are the two triangles congruent? State in symbolic form, which
congruence condition do you use?
 Line-segments AB and CD bisect each other at O. AC and BD are joined forming triangles AOC
and BOD. State the three equality relations between the parts of the two triangles that are
given or otherwise known. Are the two triangles congruent? State in symbolic form, which
congruence condition do you use?

We have AO = OB and CO = OD
Since AB and CD bisect each other at 0.
Also ∠AOC = ∠BOD
Since they are opposite angles on the same
vertex.
Therefore by SAS congruence condition, ΔAOC ≅
ΔBOD
In Fig. 31, AB = AD and ∠BAC = ∠DAC.
(i) State in symbolic form the congruence of two triangles ABC and ADC that
is true.
(ii) Complete each of the following, so as to make it true:
(a) ∠ABC =
(b) ∠ACD =
(c) Line segment AC bisects ….. And ……..
In Fig. 31, AB = AD and ∠BAC = ∠DAC.
(i) State in symbolic form the congruence of two triangles ABC and ADC that
is true.
(ii) Complete each of the following, so as to make it true:
(a) ∠ABC =
(b) ∠ACD =
(c) Line segment AC bisects ….. And ……..

i) AB = AD (given)
∠BAC = ∠DAC (given)
AC = CA (common)
Therefore by SAS condition of congruency, ΔABC ≅ ΔADC
ii) ∠ABC = ∠ADC (corresponding parts of congruent
triangles)
∠ACD = ∠ACB (corresponding parts of congruent
triangles)
Line segment AC bisects ∠A and ∠C.
 In fig. 32, AB || DC and AB = DC.
(i) Is ΔACD ≅ ΔCAB?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts used to answer
(i).
(iii) Which angle is equal to ∠CAD?
(iv) Does it follow from (iii) that AD || BC?
 In fig. 32, AB || DC and AB = DC.
(i) Is ΔACD ≅ ΔCAB?
(ii) State the three pairs of matching parts used to answer
(i).
(iii) Which angle is equal to ∠CAD?
(iv) Does it follow from (iii) that AD || BC?
(i) Yes by SAS condition of congruency, ΔACD ≅
ΔCAB.
(ii) We have used AB = DC, AC = CA and ∠DCA
= ∠BAC.
(iii) ∠CAD = ∠ACB since the two triangles are
congruent.
(iv) Yes this follows from AD parallel to BC as
alternate angles are equal. lf alternate angles
are equal then the lines are parallel
(i) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔACD?
(ii) State the pairs of matching parts you have used to
answer (i).
(iii) Is it true to say that BD = DC?
on BC.
(i) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔACD?
(ii) State the pairs of matching parts you have used to
answer (i).
(iii) Is it true to say that BD = DC?
Solution:
(i) Yes, ΔABD ≅ ΔACD by RHS congruence condition.
(ii) We have used Hypotenuse AB = Hypotenuse AC
AD = DA
∠ADB = ∠ADC = 90o (AD ⊥ BC at point D)
(iii)Yes, it is true to say that BD = DC (corresponding parts of congruent triangles)
Since we have already proved that the two triangles are congruent.
.In fig. 47, BD and CE are altitudes of Δ ABC and BD = CE.
(i) Is ΔBCD ≅ ΔCBE?
(ii) State the three pairs or matching parts you have used
to answer (i)
.In fig. 47, BD and CE are altitudes of Δ ABC and BD = CE.
(i) Is ΔBCD ≅ ΔCBE?
(ii) State the three pairs or matching parts you have used
to answer (i)

i) Yes, ΔBCD ≅ ΔCBE by RHS congruence

condition.
(ii) We have used hypotenuse BC = hypotenuse
CB
BD = CE (Given in question)
And ∠BDC = ∠CEB = 90o
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CBSE Maths Class 7 I Congruence of Triangles

 Δ ABC is isosceles with AB = AC. AD is the
altitude from A on BC.
(i) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔACD?
(ii) State the pairs of matching parts you have
used to answer (i).
(iii) Is it true to say that BD = DC?
 Δ ABC is isosceles with AB = AC. AD is the
altitude from A on BC.
(i) Is ΔABD ≅ ΔACD?
(ii) State the pairs of matching parts you have
used to answer (i).
(iii) Is it true to say that BD = DC?
Solution:
(i) Yes, ΔABD ≅ ΔACD by RHS congruence condition.
(ii) We have used Hypotenuse AB = Hypotenuse AC
AD = DA
∠ADB = ∠ADC = 90o (AD ⊥ BC at point D)
(iii)Yes, it is true to say that BD = DC (corresponding parts of
congruent triangles)
Since we have already proved that the two triangles are congruent.
 .In fig. 47, BD and CE are altitudes of Δ ABC
and BD = CE.
(i) Is ΔBCD ≅ ΔCBE?
(ii) State the three pairs or matching parts you
have used to answer (i)
 .In fig. 47, BD and CE are altitudes of Δ ABC
and BD = CE.
(i) Is ΔBCD ≅ ΔCBE?
(ii) State the three pairs or matching parts you
i) Yes, ΔBCD ≅ ΔCBE
have used to answer (i)

by RHS congruence
condition.
(ii) We have used
hypotenuse BC =
hypotenuse CB
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CBSE Maths Class 7 I Congruence of Triangles
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CBSE Maths Class 7 I Congruence of Triangles

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