Physics 12

Physics 12
APPLYING MEASUREMENTS IN
PHYSICS
A. Directions: Read the statements and write the numbers in scientific
notation on the space provided before each item.
_________ 1. The population of the world is about 7,117,000,000.

_________ 2. The distance from Earth to the Sun is about 92,960,000 miles.
_________ 3. The human body contains approximately 60,000,000,000,000 or more
cells.
_________ 4. The mass of a particle of dust is 0.000000000753 kg.
_________ 5. The length of the shortest wavelength of visible light (violet) is 0.0000004
meters.
B. Convert the following measurements.

1. 586 cm = ___m
2. 4.28 m = ___mm
3. 1396mg = ___kg
4. 1375L = ___kL
5. 12g = ___cg
C. Solve the given problem below. Write your answers in your notebook.
Merly leaves her house, drives 26 km due North, then turns onto a street
and continues in a direction 30O NE for 35 km and finally turns onto the
highway due East for 40 km. What is her total displacement from her house?
Accuracy and Precision
Scalars and Vectors
Example 1:
Blog walks 35 m East, rests for 20 s and then walks
25 m East. What is Blog’s overall displacement?
Example 2:
Blog walks 35 m [E], rests for 20 s and then walks
25 m [W]. What is Blog’s overall displacement?
Example 3:
Eric leaves the base camp and hikes 11 km, north
and then hikes 11 km east. Determine Eric's
resulting displacement.
Example 4:
A student drives his car 6.0 km, North before
making a right-hand turn and driving 6.0 km to the
East. Finally, the student makes a left-hand turn
and travels nother 2.0 km to the north. What is the
magnitude of the overall displacement of the
student?
Example 5:
An ant crawls on a tabletop. It moves 2 cm East,
turns 3 cm 400 North of East and finally moves 2.5
cm North. What is the ant’s total displacement?
Today, you will:
Represent forces using force diagrams
Differentiate balanced and unbalanced forces
Describe how the size and direction of the

resultant force affect the motion of an object
What can forces do?
Forces are pushes or pulls that stem from the interaction between objects.
A force exerted on an object can cause changes in an object’s motion.

It can make an object:
1 2 3
Start or stop Speed up or Change its
moving slow down direction
How do we represent forces?
We use force diagrams to represent forces acting on objects.
Arrows are used in force diagrams to show:
SIZE OF THE FORCE DIRECTION OF FORCE

The longer the arrow, An arrow pointing to
the larger the force the left means the force
is acting to the left.
How do we represent forces?
Remember to always label the forces the arrows represent and their sizes in
newtons. The newton (N) is the standard unit for force, named after the English
physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton.
Reaction force
Pushing force
of the surface
(500 N)
(100 N)
Weight of
the crate
(100 N)
A person pushing a trolley A crate on a surface

Try This!
What are the forces acting on the objects shown, and how would
their force diagrams appear?
A ball floating in the water A ball hanging from a rope

ANSWER KEY
Try This!
What are the forces acting on the objects shown, and how would
their force diagrams appear?
Upthrust of the
water Pull of the rope
Weight of the
ball
Weight of the ball
A ball floating in the water A ball hanging from a rope

Balanced Reaction force of
Forces the surface

(15 N)
Forces are balanced when two
forces acting on an object are of the
same size and act in opposite
directions. In this scenario, the
resultant force is zero.
The resultant force is the overall

Weight of
force acting on an object when two the books
or more forces are combined. (15 N)
Balanced Forces
When balanced forces act When balanced forces act on a
on an object at rest, it moving object, it moves at a constant
remains stationary. speed in the same direction.
Drag Thrust
Reaction force (2,000 N) (2,000 N)
of the surface
(15 N)
Weight of the
books
(15 N)
Learning Check
Determine whether each statement is TRUE or FALSE. If false,
suggest an alternative statement to make it correct.
1 2
If an object is stationary,
If an object is moving, a
no forces are pushing or
force must be acting on it.
pulling it.
ANSWER KEY
Learning Check
FALSE FALSE
1 2
If an object is stationary,
If an object is moving, a
no forces are pushing or
force must be acting on it.
pulling it.
An object at rest usually has many

If an object is moving, no
forces acting on it, including
force is necessary to keep it
gravity and air resistance (or drag)
moving, but a force is needed to
and the upward force of the
make it stop or change direction.
surface the object is sitting on.
Unbalanced Forces
Box starts moving
We can say that forces are to the right
unbalanced when two (or more)

forces acting on an object are not
equal in size. This means that the
resultant force is no longer zero.
Unbalanced forces cause changes in

the motion of an object. Friction Pushing force
(100 N) (200 N)
Unbalanced Forces
Unbalanced forces can speed up or slow
Unbalanced forces cause a
down an object. They can also change
stationary object to move.
the direction of a moving object.
Crate starts
moving to the right
Car speeds up to
the right
Drag Thrust
(1,000 N) (3,000 N)
Friction Pushing force

(300 N) (500 N)
Unbalanced Forces
The change in motion of a moving object depends on the
direction of the resultant force.
The truck speeds up to the left The truck slows down
1,000 3,000 N 2,000 1,000 N

N N
Resultant force = 3,000 N + (-1,000 Resultant force = 1,000 N + (-2,000

N) N)
= 2,000 N = -1,000 N
Forces Around Us
TUG OF WAR RIDING THE SKATEBOARD

Winning the tug of war requires an To initiate movement or increase speed
unbalanced force. The team that exerts on a skateboard, an unbalanced force
the larger force wins. is generated by pushing against the
ground with your foot.
Learning
Check
You kick a stationary soccer ball,
and it starts rolling forward.
Then, it hits a muddy area and
slows down until it stops. Why
did the ball stop when it hit the
mud?
ANSWER KEY
Learning
Check
The ball stops because the mud
creates friction—a force that acts
opposite to the direction the ball is
moving.
The forces on the ball are

unbalanced, causing the motion of
the object to change.
Summary
A force is a push or a pull Forces are considered When forces acting on

resulting from the balanced when they are an object are not the
interaction between the same size and act in same size, it indicates
forces. Force diagrams opposite directions. that the forces are
can represent these unbalanced, potentially
forces.
leading to changes in
the object's motion.
Assignment
Observe and write about at least
three real-world scenarios where you
see these principles of force and
motion at play.
How do the direction and size of

forces affect the motion of objects?
Create a poster in Canva to present

your observations.
Resourc set:nAE-NRy-MWA
e
Page
set:nAFTe-Z4vGc
Use these icons and

illustrations in your Canva
Presentation. Happy
designing! Don't forget to
delete this page before
presenting.
Try this background for online class.
*Please delete this section before downloading.
Press these keys
while on Present mode!
B for blur C for confetti
D for a drumroll M for mic drop
O for bubbles O for quiet
U for unveil 0-9 Any number from 0-

9 for a timer

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Physics 12

_________ 1. The population of the world is about 7,117,000,000.

B. Convert the following measurements.

Differentiate balanced and unbalanced forces

Describe how the size and direction of the

A force exerted on an object can cause changes in an object’s motion.

SIZE OF THE FORCE DIRECTION OF FORCE

A person pushing a trolley A crate on a surface

A ball floating in the water A ball hanging from a rope

A ball floating in the water A ball hanging from a rope

Forces the surface

The resultant force is the overall

An object at rest usually has many

unbalanced when two (or more)

Unbalanced forces cause changes in

Friction Pushing force

The truck speeds up to the left The truck slows down

1,000 3,000 N 2,000 1,000 N

Resultant force = 3,000 N + (-1,000 Resultant force = 1,000 N + (-2,000

TUG OF WAR RIDING THE SKATEBOARD

The forces on the ball are

A force is a push or a pull Forces are considered When forces acting on

How do the direction and size of

Create a poster in Canva to present

Use these icons and

B for blur C for confetti

D for a drumroll M for mic drop

O for bubbles O for quiet

U for unveil 0-9 Any number from 0-

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