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    Pps Unit-1 Lesson Variables and Constants (1)

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    Pps Unit-1 Lesson Variables and Constants (1)

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    Akhilesh Koganti
    9 views14 pages

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    9 views14 pages

    Pps Unit-1 Lesson Variables and Constants (1)

    Uploaded by

    Akhilesh Koganti

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 14

    VARIABLES AND

    CONSTANTS
    IN C
    Variable:

     It is a data name that may be used to store a data


    value.

     A variable may take different values at different


    times during execution.

     A variable name can be chosen by the


    programmer in a meaningful way so as to reflect
    its function or nature in the program
    Rules for naming Variables:

     Variable names may consist of letters, digits and under


    score( _ ) character.
     First char must be an alphabet or an ‘_’.
     Length of the variable cannot exceed upto 8
    characters.(few upto 31 chars)
     White space is not allowed.
     Variables name should not be a keyword.
     Uppercase and lower case are significant.
    Examples:-

    Valid :

    Mark,Sum1,tot_value,Delhi
    Invalid :

    Prics$, group one, char


    Declaration of variables with examples:
     Declaration does two things:
     It tells the compiler what the variable name is.
     It specifies what type of data the variable will hold.

    Note :The declaration of variables must be done before they are


    used in the c program.
     The syntax for declaring a variable is as follows:
    data-type v1,v2,…….,vn;
    For example :
    int count;
    int number, total;
    Initialization of variable :

     Initialize a variable in c is to assign it a starting value.

     C does not initialize variables automatically.

     So if you do not initialize them properly, you can get


    unexpected results.

     Fortunately, C makes it easy to initialize variables when


    you declare them.
    For Example :
    int x=45;
    CONSTANTS IN C
     C Constants is the most fundamental and essential part of the C
    programming language.
     Constants in C are the fixed values that are used in a program.

     Its value remains the same during the entire execution of the program.
     Constants are also called literals.
     Constants can be any of the data types.
     It is considered best practice to define constants using only upper-
    case names.
    FIG :TYPES OF CONSTANTS

    Types of c constants:
    Types of c constants:
    1.Integer constants
    2.Real constants
    3.Character constants
    4.String constants
    Integer constants:

    An integer constant refers to a sequence of digits.


    There are three types of integers, namely, decimal integer,
    octal integer and hexadecimal integer.
    Examples of Integer Constants:
    426 ,+786 , -34(decimal integers)
    037, 0345, 0661(octal integers)
    0X2, 0X9F, 0X (hexadecimal integers)
    Real constants:

    These quantities are represented by numbers


    containing fractional parts like 18.234.
    Such numbers are called real (or floating point)
    constants.

    Examples of Real Constants:


    +325.34
    426.0
    -32.67 etc.

    Single Character constants:

    Single character constant contains a single character


    enclosed within a pair of single quote marks.
    For ex. 'A', ‘5’ , ‘?’ , ‘ ‘ , ‘*’
    Backslash Character Constants:

    C supports some special backslash character constants that are used in


    output functions.
    Some of the back slash character constants are as follows:
    String constants:

    String constant contains a group of characters


    enclosed within a pair of double quote marks.
    For ex :
    “hello”
    “XYZ”
    “1234”
    “@#$%”
    Using const keyword for constants:

    const is a type qualifier in c.


    A keyword applied to a data type that indicates that the data is read
    only.

    The qualifier const can be applied to the declaration of any variable to


    specify that its value will not be changed

    Syntax :
    Const datatype nameofconstant = value;

    Eg :const int x=10;


    THANK YOU

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