Session on 03-01-2025

SYSTEM HARDWARE AWARENESS
Computer Hardware
Anything you can touch in computer world is a hardware
Department of Information Technology 2

Software or Operating System
Software is a written set of instructions that tell the
computer
what to do Operating
Example of Desktop/Laptop Operating Systems system
Windo Linu
ws x
MA Uni
C x
Example of Mobile OS
iO Androi
S d
Software or Operating System

Application Software
Application is a program or combination of programs designed for users to perform

certain tasks
Examples of Application:
• Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint etc.
• Internet browser
• Accounting or Finance applications (ERP, SAP etc.)
• Apps that runs on mobile devices

Types of Computers
Personal Computers (PC)

In 1981, IBM introduced its first personal computer,
termed as the IBM PC
It is mostly for personal or individual use
It is best for internet surfing, running small applications
and playing games
You can run Windows, Linux or MAC as an OS.
Desktop
Laptops

Types of Computers
Workstatio
n A workstation is simply a desktop computer that has a more
powerful processor, additional memory, high-end graphics
adapters
and enhanced capabilities for performing high end tasks
Typically, big companies buy these workstations for their
employees.
Notebook
They are pretty much same as laptop
Notebooks are generally manufactured to be sleeker, smaller
computers with screen sizes of 15-inches or less. Typically
weighing
less than 5 lbs. and measuring less than 3 inches thick
Notebooks keep their supreme lightweight portability
advantage
over laptops.
Mobile, Handheld or PDA
computers
A hand-held computer is a portable computer that is small
enough to
be held in one’s hand
Examples of handheld computers are smart phones, tablets,
ipads etc. Department of Information Technology 7
These computers are mostly used for very small applications.
Types of Computers
Serve
r In computer world there is a client and a server. Client sends a
request
whereas Server serves that request (e.g. webserver, database server
etc.)
Servers usually have powerful processors, lots of memory and large
hard
drives
Typically, a server is racked horizontally on a computer shelf at a
Mainfram
datacenter
Some of the big manufacturers of servers are HP, Dell, Cisco, IBM etc.
e In the early days of computing, mainframes were huge computers
that
could fill an entire room or even a whole floor
As the computing power increased in computers the
mainframe
became more like a server.
Supercompute
r This type of computer usually costs hundreds of thousands or
even
millions of dollars. Although some supercomputers are single
computer systems, most are composed of multiple high-
performance
computers working in parallelDepartment of Information Technology
as a single system 8
RAM
RAM stands for Radom Access

Memory
The data stored in RAM can be accessed almost instantly
regardless of where
stored, therefore it is very fast. That is why it has the
word allows
RAM randomyourin itcomputer to perform many of its everyday tasks,
such as loading
applications, browsing the internet, editing a spreadsheet, or playing
game. Memory also
allows you to switch quickly among these tasks, remembering where
you
RAMare in one
gives task when
applications a place to store and access data on a short-
you
termswitch
basis, to anotherwhen
meaning task. As a rule, the more memory you have, the
better
a computer shutdown, everything in RAM is flushed. Hard disk is a
long-term memory
If your system has too little RAM, it can be
slow and sluggish
RAM size comes in multiple of 2s (e.g. 2, 4, 8, 16,
32G and so on)
CPU
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit
It is a chip that sits on motherboard
It is the brain of the computer which processes
the instructions
the operating system, or other components in
your PC
Sock
et:It is the actual socket on the motherboard
where CPU resides
Cor
e: A multiple CPU which sits on one
single socket

GPU
GPU stands for Graphical

Processing Unit
It allows graphics programmers to create more interesting
visual effects and
realistic scenes with advanced lighting and shadowing
techniques
GPU unlock new possibilities not only in gaming or
graphic world but also
content creation, machine learning, AI and much more…
It i specifica design toaccelerate computer workloa
s lly ed graphics ds

GPU
There are 2 types of

GPUs:
1 Integrat
. ed:Built into the motherboard and cannot be
upgraded or replaced
It does not come on its own separate card
and is instead
embedded alongside the CPU
2 Discre
. te:It is mounted on a graphics card that attaches
onto a computer's
expansion slot on the motherboard
This kind of graphics card is replaceable so it
can be upgraded,
this way your computer won’t be obsolete
The graphic card is like a smaller version of
motherboard with its
own memory and cooling fan

32 vs 64bit Processor
Processor is same as CPU which processes the instructions that come from
programs, the operating
system, or other components in your PC
CPU gets the unit of data from RAM to process it. If your computer is
32bit processor
only processthen it can )memory addresses (i.e 4G
2 power
of 32 ( of RAM)
0011 0010 If CPU is 32bit

+ =< 4GB data
0011 0010

Hard Disk Drive
A hard disk drive (HDD) is an

electromechanical data storage
device that uses
magnetic storage to store and
retrieve digital
information using one or more rigid
rapidly
rotating disks (platters) coated with
A hard drive is the hardware
magnetic
component that
material. (Wikipedia)
stores all your digital content, such
as
documents, pictures, music, videos,
programs,
Hard drives can be external or
applications
internal and operating system
It is a long-term memory as opposed
to RAM.
Hard Disk Drive
File

Hard Disk Drive
The motherboard is the backbone that ties the

computer's
components together at one spot and allows
them to talk to each
other. It is the main circuit board inside a
computer
It connects the CPU, RAM, HDD, optical drive,
video card,
sound card and many other internal components
The motherboard is also responsible to
Popular Manufacturers
distribute power
Following are to the manufacturers of
the popular
various
theIntel components of the computer
motherboard.
Biosta
It is
ASUalso referred
r as main board, system board,
logic
S board etc.Gigab
Aope yte
n MSI
ABIT

Session on 03-01-2025

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Session on 03-01-2025

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Session on 03-01-2025

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SYSTEM HARDWARE AWARENESS

Anything you can touch in computer world is a hardware

Department of Information Technology 2

Department of Information Technology 4

Application is a program or combination of programs designed for users to perform

Department of Information Technology 5

Personal Computers (PC)

Department of Information Technology 6

RAM stands for Radom Access

Department of Information Technology 10

GPU stands for Graphical

Department of Information Technology 11

There are 2 types of

Department of Information Technology 12

0011 0010 If CPU is 32bit

Department of Information Technology 13

A hard disk drive (HDD) is an

Department of Information Technology 15

The motherboard is the backbone that ties the

You might also like