Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 3 views

    6a41Wm2l3FLSAd0o694

    Uploaded by

    mgendikr

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    6a41Wm2l3FLSAd0o694

    Uploaded by

    mgendikr
    3 views5 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    3 views5 pages

    6a41Wm2l3FLSAd0o694

    Uploaded by

    mgendikr

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 5

    03.Answers.

    SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT IN BEAMS.


     For a loaded beam to maintain its balance there are internal forces that are generated in both
    vertically and along the direction of the beam.
     Shear force and bending moment are the mainly resultants acting on the beam cross section.
     Shear force as the resultant of vertical internal forces and bending moment as the resultant of the
    normal internal forces.

    SHEAR FORCE.
    Shear force is a force that acts tangentially on a body. It is caused by tangentially component of a
    force applied on a body.
    Shear force tends to produce shear stresses.
    Consider the diagram below showing distribution of shear force on a body in different ways.

    Fig: Shear force distribution.

    SIGN AND CONVECTION OF SHEAR FORCE


     Shear force results to shear stress which can change the direction of beams ,hence the beams tend to
    adopt the sign convection for the shear stresses . This applies only for beams.
     Consider the cantilever beams sharing the direction of forces. Below,
    From the figure above;
    A shearing force is considered negative (-) if
     The right side of the section goes down.
     The left side of the section goes up.

    A shearing force is considered positive (+) if


     The left side of the section is going up.
     The right side of the section goes down.

    BENDING MOMENT .
     Bending refers to the situation that axis causes the bar to deform .
     The tendency of a force to cause a body to rotate about a particular point or axis is measured by its
    moment.
     Bending moment refers to the moment produced by a force or bending in any structural part. This
    is directional since it is influenced by the direction of the applied tension. Consider the figure
    below.

    Fig: Bending moment.


    SIGN AND CONVECTION OF BENDING MOMENTS.
     A moment of bending that causes upward concavity will be considered “positive” also known as
    sagging bending moment.
     The moment of bending that causes upward convexity will be considered “negative” also known
    as Hagging bending moment.
    Consider the figure below,

    Fig: sign and convection of bending moment.

    RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LOAD , SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT.


    Consider the figure below,

    From the figure above


    Let us consider
    dx= a short length of
    beam at a distance x
    W= be the load per unit length acting vertically downward over this short length

    Then,
    Rise in shearing force
    S to S+ ds

    Rise in bending moment


    M to M+ dm
     Both vertically pressures and coupling result in an equilibrium length for the short length.
    Vertical forces
    ( S + ds) – S =W dx

    ds=W dx

    W= ds/dx ………..i

    Couples.
    M- (M+ dm) = -Sdx + W dx (dx/2)

    Since dx is very small


    dx=0
    Hence,
    -dm= -Sdx

    S= dm/dx
    Applying limits

    Lim dx = 0

    S=dm/dx……………ii

     The rate of change of shear force at any segment represents the rate of loading at the section and
    this is according to the equation …. ..i
     The rate of change of the bending moment at any segment represents the shear force at that section
    according to the equation……ii
     Maximum or minimum bending moment at “M” Shall exist when
    dm/dx=0 or S= 0

    Thus, at a section where shear force is zero or changes sign, the banding moment is either
    maximum or minimum.

    You might also like