Bluetooth is a wireless technology introduced in 1998 for short-range data and voice communication, governed by the Bluetooth SIG. It operates through a series of protocols and can connect multiple devices in a network called a Piconet, with potential for larger Scatternets. While it offers convenience and ease of use, it faces challenges in security and limitations in file size and distance.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology introduced in 1998 for short-range data and voice communication, governed by the Bluetooth SIG. It operates through a series of protocols and can connect multiple devices in a network called a Piconet, with potential for larger Scatternets. While it offers convenience and ease of use, it faces challenges in security and limitations in file size and distance.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology introduced in 1998 for short-range data and voice communication, governed by the Bluetooth SIG. It operates through a series of protocols and can connect multiple devices in a network called a Piconet, with potential for larger Scatternets. While it offers convenience and ease of use, it faces challenges in security and limitations in file size and distance.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology introduced in 1998 for short-range data and voice communication, governed by the Bluetooth SIG. It operates through a series of protocols and can connect multiple devices in a network called a Piconet, with potential for larger Scatternets. While it offers convenience and ease of use, it faces challenges in security and limitations in file size and distance.
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Bluetooth
Introduction What is Bluetooth? Why is it useful? Governing Standard – Large Consortium History 1998 - Bluetooth technology is officially introduced and the BLUETOOTH SIG Special Interest Group is formed. Bluetooth technology's intended basic purpose is to be a wire replacement technology in order to rapidly transfer voice and data. 1999 - Bluetooth 1.0 Specification is introduced. 2003 - The BLUETOOTH SIG overhauls the Bluetooth Core Specification with the announcement of Version 2.1. 2004 - Bluetooth Version 2.0 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) is introduced. 2005 - Devices using Version 2.0 + EDR begin to hit the market in late 2005. 2007 - Bluetooth Core Specification Version 2.1 + EDR is adopted by the BLUETOOTH SIG. 2009 - Bluetooth Core Specification Version 3.0 + HS (High Speed) is adopted by the BLUETOOTH SIG. How it works?
Short range wireless connectivity.
Low power consumption Automatic recognition. Privacy/Security Very Important. Don’t want data to be shared. Security not great. Pairing security. Reliability What it really means? Which device are you connecting to? How large is the file?
Which version are you using?
Have the two devices been connected
before? Bluetooth is a PAN Technology Offers fast and reliable transmission for both voice and data Can support either one asynchronous data channel with up to three simultaneous synchronous speech channels or one channel that transfers asynchronous data and synchronous speech simultaneously Personal Area Network (PAN) Bluetooth is a standard that will … Eliminate wires and cables between both stationary and mobile devices Facilitate both data and voice communications
Offer the possibility of ad hoc networks and
deliver synchronicity between personal
devices Bluetooth-enabled devices can automatically locate each other Topology is established on a temporary and random basis .Up to eight Bluetooth devices may be networked together in a master-slave relationship to form a Piconet Protocols in the Bluetooth Protocol Architecture Physical Layer − This includes Bluetooth radio and Baseband (also in the data link layer. Radio − This is a physical layer equivalent protocol that lays down the physical structure and specifications for transmission of radio waves. It defines air interface, frequency bands, frequency hopping specifications, and modulation techniques. Baseband − This protocol takes the services of
radio protocol. It defines the addressing scheme,
packet frame format, timing, and power control algorithms. Data Link Layer − This includes Baseband, Link Manager Protocol (LMP), and Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP). Link Manager Protocol (LMP) − LMP establishes logical links between Bluetooth devices and maintains the links for enabling communications. The other main functions of LMP are device authentication, message encryption, and negotiation of packet sizes. Logical Link Control and Adaptation
Protocol (L2CAP) − L2CAP provides adaption
between upper layer frame and baseband layer frame format. L2CAP provides support for both connection-oriented as well as connectionless services. Middleware Layer − This includes Radio Frequency Communications (RFComm) protocol, adopted protocols, SDP, and AT commands. RFComm − It is short for Radio Frontend Component. It provides a serial interface with WAP. Adopted Protocols − These are the protocols
that are adopted from standard models. The
commonly adopted protocols used in Bluetooth are Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), Internet Protocol (IP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and Wireless Application Protocol (WAP). Service Discovery Protocol (SDP)− SDP takes care of service-related queries like device information so as to establish a connection between contending Bluetooth devices. AT Commands − ATtention command
set. Applications Layer − This includes the application profiles that allow the user to interact with the Bluetooth applications. Piconet Piconet is a type of Bluetooth network that contains one primary node called the master node and seven active secondary nodes called slave nodes. Thus, we can say that there is a total of 8 active nodes which are present at a distance of 10 meters. The communication between the primary and secondary nodes can be one-to-one or one-to- many. Possible communication is only between the master and slave; Slave-slave communication is not possible. It also has 255 parked nodes, these are secondary nodes and cannot take participation in communication unless it gets converted to the active state. Scatternet
It is formed by using various piconets.
A slave that is present in one piconet can act as master or we can say primary in another piconet. This kind of node can receive a message from a master in one piconet and deliver the message to its slave in the other piconet where it is acting as a slave. This type of node is referred to as a bridge node. A station cannot be mastered in two piconets. Bluetooth packet structure The Bluetooth packet structure is shown below. It consists of preamble (1 byte), access address (4 bytes), PDU ( max. 257 bytes) and CRC (3 bytes). PDU part carry either advertising packet or data packet. Both of these packet types will have header part and payload part. The packet structure for BR and EDR is shown in the figure. Devices Laptops Gaming Consoles Headsets Cell Phones Printers Ease of Use Very easy to use. Connection is fast and simple. More devices are Bluetooth capable. Auto recognition. Future Diverse applications with Bluetooth. Faster transfer rate. Stronger connection. Longer distance. Conclusion Few flaws Security Good for short transfers Limitations on file size Limitations on distance
