Ephesus was supplied by several long-distance water conveyance systems in ancient times. The 8 km... more Ephesus was supplied by several long-distance water conveyance systems in ancient times. The 8 km long Şirince water conveyance system consists of baked clay pipes, and had a hydraulic capacity of around 10 l/s. The 7 km long Derbentdere water conveyance system consists also of baked clay pipes; and its hydraulic capacity was around 20 l/s. The 36 km long Değirmendere water conveyance system is a masonry conduit; its hydraulic capacity was around 200 l/s. The 42 km long Kayapınar water conveyance was also a masonry conduit; its hydraulic capacity was around 100 l/s. The Şirince system was extended over to the Ayasuluk hill and Saint John basilica in the 6th century ad by the 650 m long Selcuk aqueduct, serving as the venter of an inverted siphon.
Alte Wasserbauten aus allen Perioden ihrer vier Jahrtausende langen Geschichte machen die Türkei ... more Alte Wasserbauten aus allen Perioden ihrer vier Jahrtausende langen Geschichte machen die Türkei zu einem der größten wasserbautechnischen Freilichtmuseen der Welt. Sie stammen aus hethitischen, urartäischen, hellenistischen, römischen, byzantinischen, seldschukischen und osmanischen Zeiten. Manche davon stehen mit sehr wenig Reparatur oder Änderung noch im Betrieb nach mehreren Jahrhunderten, gar Jahrtausenden.
Remains of the historical masonry bridges in Anatolia and the Balkans are dated back to the Roman... more Remains of the historical masonry bridges in Anatolia and the Balkans are dated back to the Roman (first half of the I. Millenium AD), to the Seldjukide (early centuries of the II. Millenium AD; basically in Anatolia), and to the Ottoman periods (13th to 19th centuries). Besides serving to transportation, bridges crossing watercourses have to be considered as important hydraulic structures. Built for military as well as economic purposes, more than one hundred Ottoman bridges (roughly two thirds in Anatolia and one third in the Balkans) served for several centuries; some of them being still in operation. They are silent witnesses of the hydraulic knowledge and solid construction technology of their times. In this inventory study, only Ottoman's masonry bridges in Anatolia and Balkans have been presented. Some of the Ottoman's masonry bridges had sunken in the reservoir of modern dams, some of them demolished during the construction of the new highways, and some of them are s...
The use in the teaching of new devices has added audiovisual elements to the set of teaching tool... more The use in the teaching of new devices has added audiovisual elements to the set of teaching tools. This paper, based on the definition and classification of videos, highlights its use in teaching aspects, identifying applications, advantages and potential pitfalls in its use. In addition, the experiences those are currently being conducted at the Technical University of Cartagena and at the University of Almeria will be presented in order to focus in the development, use and application of video as a teaching resource in different areas of knowledge.
Das gesamte Wasserpotenzial des Euphrat-Tigris-Beckens ist etwa 90 km3/a, wovon 60 % in der Türke... more Das gesamte Wasserpotenzial des Euphrat-Tigris-Beckens ist etwa 90 km3/a, wovon 60 % in der Türkei, 25 % im Irak, 10 % im Iran und 5 % in Syrien entstehen. Nach einem gerechten, angemessenen, optimalen Endausbau würden Felder von 2,3 Mio. ha in der Türkei, 0,8 Mio. ha in Syrien und 3,5 Mio. ha in Irak bewässert sowie 60 TWh/a in der Türkei, 5 TWh/a in Syrien und über 10 TWh/a im Irak hydroelektrische Energie erzeugt. Des Weiteren werden 100 Mio. Personen und deren Industrie mit Wasser versorgt sowie Hochwasser kontrolliert.
Die hydroelektrische Energieerzeugung der Turkei lag 1960 bei 1 TWh/a. Bis 2011 stieg die Erzeugu... more Die hydroelektrische Energieerzeugung der Turkei lag 1960 bei 1 TWh/a. Bis 2011 stieg die Erzeugungskapazitat auf rund 52 TWh/a. Das wirtschaftlich nutzbare Wasserkraftpotenzial des Landes liegt bei ca. 150 TWh/a, und als Ziel wird der Ausbau des grosten Teils davon bei 2023 angestrebt. Die Ausnutzung der Wasserkrafte beruht in der Turkei auf Talsperren- und Umleitungskraftwerken. Die Staudamme dominieren als Talsperrentyp, wobei auch interessante Staumauertypen vorkommen. Die Ataturk-Wasserkraftanlage stellt mit 2 400 MW Leistung das groste Wasserkraftwerk dar.
Ephesus was supplied by several long-distance water conveyance systems in ancient times. The 8 km... more Ephesus was supplied by several long-distance water conveyance systems in ancient times. The 8 km long Şirince water conveyance system consists of baked clay pipes, and had a hydraulic capacity of around 10 l/s. The 7 km long Derbentdere water conveyance system consists also of baked clay pipes; and its hydraulic capacity was around 20 l/s. The 36 km long Değirmendere water conveyance system is a masonry conduit; its hydraulic capacity was around 200 l/s. The 42 km long Kayapınar water conveyance was also a masonry conduit; its hydraulic capacity was around 100 l/s. The Şirince system was extended over to the Ayasuluk hill and Saint John basilica in the 6th century ad by the 650 m long Selcuk aqueduct, serving as the venter of an inverted siphon.
Alte Wasserbauten aus allen Perioden ihrer vier Jahrtausende langen Geschichte machen die Türkei ... more Alte Wasserbauten aus allen Perioden ihrer vier Jahrtausende langen Geschichte machen die Türkei zu einem der größten wasserbautechnischen Freilichtmuseen der Welt. Sie stammen aus hethitischen, urartäischen, hellenistischen, römischen, byzantinischen, seldschukischen und osmanischen Zeiten. Manche davon stehen mit sehr wenig Reparatur oder Änderung noch im Betrieb nach mehreren Jahrhunderten, gar Jahrtausenden.
Remains of the historical masonry bridges in Anatolia and the Balkans are dated back to the Roman... more Remains of the historical masonry bridges in Anatolia and the Balkans are dated back to the Roman (first half of the I. Millenium AD), to the Seldjukide (early centuries of the II. Millenium AD; basically in Anatolia), and to the Ottoman periods (13th to 19th centuries). Besides serving to transportation, bridges crossing watercourses have to be considered as important hydraulic structures. Built for military as well as economic purposes, more than one hundred Ottoman bridges (roughly two thirds in Anatolia and one third in the Balkans) served for several centuries; some of them being still in operation. They are silent witnesses of the hydraulic knowledge and solid construction technology of their times. In this inventory study, only Ottoman's masonry bridges in Anatolia and Balkans have been presented. Some of the Ottoman's masonry bridges had sunken in the reservoir of modern dams, some of them demolished during the construction of the new highways, and some of them are s...
The use in the teaching of new devices has added audiovisual elements to the set of teaching tool... more The use in the teaching of new devices has added audiovisual elements to the set of teaching tools. This paper, based on the definition and classification of videos, highlights its use in teaching aspects, identifying applications, advantages and potential pitfalls in its use. In addition, the experiences those are currently being conducted at the Technical University of Cartagena and at the University of Almeria will be presented in order to focus in the development, use and application of video as a teaching resource in different areas of knowledge.
Das gesamte Wasserpotenzial des Euphrat-Tigris-Beckens ist etwa 90 km3/a, wovon 60 % in der Türke... more Das gesamte Wasserpotenzial des Euphrat-Tigris-Beckens ist etwa 90 km3/a, wovon 60 % in der Türkei, 25 % im Irak, 10 % im Iran und 5 % in Syrien entstehen. Nach einem gerechten, angemessenen, optimalen Endausbau würden Felder von 2,3 Mio. ha in der Türkei, 0,8 Mio. ha in Syrien und 3,5 Mio. ha in Irak bewässert sowie 60 TWh/a in der Türkei, 5 TWh/a in Syrien und über 10 TWh/a im Irak hydroelektrische Energie erzeugt. Des Weiteren werden 100 Mio. Personen und deren Industrie mit Wasser versorgt sowie Hochwasser kontrolliert.
Die hydroelektrische Energieerzeugung der Turkei lag 1960 bei 1 TWh/a. Bis 2011 stieg die Erzeugu... more Die hydroelektrische Energieerzeugung der Turkei lag 1960 bei 1 TWh/a. Bis 2011 stieg die Erzeugungskapazitat auf rund 52 TWh/a. Das wirtschaftlich nutzbare Wasserkraftpotenzial des Landes liegt bei ca. 150 TWh/a, und als Ziel wird der Ausbau des grosten Teils davon bei 2023 angestrebt. Die Ausnutzung der Wasserkrafte beruht in der Turkei auf Talsperren- und Umleitungskraftwerken. Die Staudamme dominieren als Talsperrentyp, wobei auch interessante Staumauertypen vorkommen. Die Ataturk-Wasserkraftanlage stellt mit 2 400 MW Leistung das groste Wasserkraftwerk dar.
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