ó

See also: Appendix:Variations of "o"

ó U+00F3, ó LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE Composition: o [U+006F] + ◌́ [U+0301] ← ò [U+00F2] Latin-1 Supplement ô → [U+00F4]

Czech

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

1. the 24th letter of the Czech alphabet, after o and before p

Interjection

ó

1. oh

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔuː/
• Homophone: óð

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. The eighteenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin script letters) bókstavur; Aa, Áá, Bb, Dd, Ðð, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Íí, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Óó, Pp, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Úú, Vv, Yy, Ýý, Ææ, Øø

Galician

Alternative forms

• ao

Etymology

From contraction of preposition a (“to, towards”) + masculine definite article o (“the”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ/

Contraction

ó m (feminine á, masculine plural ós, feminine plural ás)

1. Alternative spelling of ao

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈoː]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oː

Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *oma (“old, previous”). Cognate with Finnish ammoin (“very long ago”), Estonian ammu (“once upon a time, long ago”), Northern Sami oames (“past, old”), and Erzya умок (umok, “a long time ago”). Compare agg (“aged”), avas (“rancid”), avul (“to become obsolete”), avítt (“antiquated”).

Adjective

ó (comparative óbb, superlative legóbb)

2. (archaic, except in compounds) old, ancient, antique

   Synonyms: antik, ódon, régi, ősi

   Antonyms: mai, új

   Coordinate terms: (as prefixes indicating historical periods) ős, közép, új

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	ó	ók
accusative	ót	ókat
dative	ónak	óknak
instrumental	óval	ókkal
causal-final	óért	ókért
translative	óvá	ókká
terminative	óig	ókig
essive-formal	óként	ókként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	óban	ókban
superessive	ón	ókon
adessive	ónál	óknál
illative	óba	ókba
sublative	óra	ókra
allative	óhoz	ókhoz
elative	óból	ókból
delative	óról	ókról
ablative	ótól	óktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	óé	óké
non-attributive possessive - plural	óéi	ókéi

Derived terms

• ócska
• ódon

 

Compound words, excluding peoples and languages

• óarany
• óbirodalom
• óbor
• Óbuda
• óburgonya
• ódivatú
• óegyházi
• óellenzék
• óesztendő
• óezüst
• óév
• ófalu
• óhaza
• óhegy
• óhitű
• ókatolikus
• ókeresztény
• ókor
• ókrumpli
• ómama
• ómódi
• ópapa
• Ópusztaszer
• ószer
• Ószövetség
• ótemplom
• Ótestamentum
• óvár
• óváros
• óvilág

Compound names for peoples and languages

• óakkád
• óalnémet
• óalsófrank
• óangol
• óarab
• óarámi
• óasszír
• óbajor
• óbolgár
• ócseh
• ódán
• ódélarab
• óegyiptomi
• óészaki
• ófelnémet
• ófrancia
• ógermán
• ógörög
• óhéber
• óind
• óizlandi
• óír
• ókasztíliai
• ókeleti
• ókelta
• ókínai
• ólatin
• ólitván
• ómagyar
• ónémet
• óolasz
• óorosz
• óperzsa
• óporosz
• óprovanszál
• óspanyol
• ósvéd
• ószász
• ószerb
• ószláv
• ószlovák
• ótörök

 

Etymology 2

An onomatopoeia.

Interjection

ó

1. oh!

   Synonyms: óh, jaj, ja, juj, hű

   Ó, értem már! ― Oh, I understand now!

See also

• á
• e
• ja
• jé

 

Etymology 3

See óv.

Verb

ó

2. (archaic) Alternative form of óv (“to protect, to guard”).

Conjugation

conjugation of ó

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	óvok	ósz	ó	óvunk	ótok	ónak
		Def.	óvom	óvod	ója	ójuk	ójátok	óják
		2nd-p. o.	ólak	―
	Past	Indef.	óttam	óttál	ótt	óttunk	óttatok	óttak
		Def.	óttam	óttad	ótta	óttuk	óttátok	ótták
		2nd-p. o.	óttalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. óni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	óvék	óvál	óva	óvánk	óvátok	óvának
		Def.	óvám	óvád	óvá	óvánk	óvátok	óvák
		2nd-p. o.	óválak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ó vala, ótt vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	óvandok	óvandasz	óvand	óvandunk	óvandotok	óvandanak
		Def.	óvandom	óvandod	óvandja	óvandjuk	óvandjátok	óvandják
		2nd-p. o.	óvandalak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	ónék	ónál	óna	ónánk	ónátok	ónának
		Def.	ónám	ónád	óná	ónánk (or ónók)	ónátok	ónák
		2nd-p. o.	ónálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ótt volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	ójak	ój or ójál	ójon	ójunk	ójatok	ójanak
		Def.	ójam	ódd or ójad	ója	ójuk	ójátok	óják
		2nd-p. o.	ójalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ótt légyen
Infinitive	óni		ónom	ónod	ónia	ónunk	ónotok	óniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	óvás		óvó	ótt	óvandó	óva (óván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of ó

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	óhatok	óhatsz	óhat	óhatunk	óhattok	óhatnak
		Def.	óhatom	óhatod	óhatja	óhatjuk	óhatjátok	óhatják
		2nd-p. o.	óhatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	óhattam	óhattál	óhatott	óhattunk	óhattatok	óhattak
		Def.	óhattam	óhattad	óhatta	óhattuk	óhattátok	óhatták
		2nd-p. o.	óhattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	óhaték	óhatál	óhata	óhatánk	óhatátok	óhatának
		Def.	óhatám	óhatád	óhatá	óhatánk	óhatátok	óhaták
		2nd-p. o.	óhatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. óhat vala, óhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	óhatandok or óvandhatok	óhatandasz or óvandhatsz	óhatand or óvandhat	óhatandunk or óvandhatunk	óhatandotok or óvandhattok	óhatandanak or óvandhatnak
		Def.	óhatandom or óvandhatom	óhatandod or óvandhatod	óhatandja or óvandhatja	óhatandjuk or óvandhatjuk	óhatandjátok or óvandhatjátok	óhatandják or óvandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	óhatandalak or óvandhatlak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	óhatnék	óhatnál	óhatna	óhatnánk	óhatnátok	óhatnának
		Def.	óhatnám	óhatnád	óhatná	óhatnánk (or óhatnók)	óhatnátok	óhatnák
		2nd-p. o.	óhatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. óhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	óhassak	óhass or óhassál	óhasson	óhassunk	óhassatok	óhassanak
		Def.	óhassam	óhasd or óhassad	óhassa	óhassuk	óhassátok	óhassák
		2nd-p. o.	óhassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. óhatott légyen
Inf.	(óhatni)		(óhatnom)	(óhatnod)	(óhatnia)	(óhatnunk)	(óhatnotok)	(óhatniuk)
Positive adjective			óható	Neg. adj.	óhatatlan	Adv. part.	(óhatva / óhatván)

Derived terms

• oltalom
• óhatatlan

 

Expressions

• óva int

 

Etymology 4

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.
2. Abbreviation of óra (“hour[s], o’clock”).

   Coordinate terms: p, mp

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	ó	ó-k
accusative	ó-t	ó-kat
dative	ó-nak	ó-knak
instrumental	ó-val	ó-kkal
causal-final	ó-ért	ó-kért
translative	ó-vá	ó-kká
terminative	ó-ig	ó-kig
essive-formal	ó-ként	ó-kként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	ó-ban	ó-kban
superessive	ó-n	ó-kon
adessive	ó-nál	ó-knál
illative	ó-ba	ó-kba
sublative	ó-ra	ó-kra
allative	ó-hoz	ó-khoz
elative	ó-ból	ó-kból
delative	ó-ról	ó-król
ablative	ó-tól	ó-któl
non-attributive possessive - singular	ó-é	ó-ké
non-attributive possessive - plural	ó-éi	ó-kéi

Possessive forms of ó
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	ó-m	ó-im
2nd person sing.	ó-d	ó-id
3rd person sing.	ó-ja	ó-i
1st person plural	ó-nk	ó-ink
2nd person plural	ó-tok	ó-itok
3rd person plural	ó-juk	ó-ik

See also

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

Further reading

• (ancient, antique): ó in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (interjection): ó in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (to protect): ó in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (sound, letter, and abbreviation): ó in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ouː/
• Rhymes: -ouː

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. The nineteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

Interjection

ó!

1. oh!, ah!

   Ó ókei, gangi þér vel.

   Oh ok, good luck.

2. O, oh, the Icelandic vocative particle, used before a pronoun or the name of a person or persons to mark direct address

   Ó, góðu menn! Heyr mín orð.

   O good men! Heed my words.

   • Lofsöngur:

     Ó, guð vors lands.

     Oh, our country's God.

See also

• ó-
• -ó
• um og ó

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /oː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɔː/

Etymology 1

From ua, from Old Irish aue (“grandson, descendant”).

Alternative forms

• ua (archaic)

Noun

ó m (genitive ó, nominative plural óí, genitive singular in surnames uí, nominative plural in historical sept names uí)

1. (archaic) grandson, grandchild

   Synonym: garmhac

2. (archaic) descendant

Declension

Declension of ó (fourth declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative ó óí vocative a ó a óí genitive ó óí dative ó óí forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an t-ó na hóí genitive an ó na n-óí dative leis an ó don ó leis na hóí

Forms in surnames and sept names

Declension of ó (first declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative ó uí, í vocative — — genitive uí, í ó dative ó uíbh, íbh forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative — na huí, na hí genitive — na n-ó dative — na huíbh, na híbh

Related terms

• ua
• Ó

Etymology 2

From Old Irish ó, úa, from Proto-Celtic *au, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away”).

Preposition

ó (plus dative, triggers lenition)

1. of, from (indicating origin)

   ó ghleann go gleann ― from glen to glen

2. since

   ó Mháirt ― since Tuesday

3. used in conjunction with the verb bí to indicate need/want

   Tá bainne uaim.

   I need milk.

Inflection

Inflection of ó

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	uaim	uaimse
2d person sing.	uait	uaitse
3d sing. masc.	uaidh	uaidhsean
3d sing. fem.	uaithi	uaithise
1st person pl.	uainn	uainne
2d person pl.	uaibh	uaibhse
3d person pl.	uathu	uathusan

Derived terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

• See also Category:Irish phrasal verbs formed with "ó"

Conjunction

ó (triggers lenition)

1. since (temporal)

   ó chuala mé an scéala ― since I heard the news

2. after

   bliain ó rugadh é ― a year after he was born

3. from the time when

   ó bhaintear an féar go bhfuil sé tirim ― from the time the hay is cut until it is dry

4. once

   ó bhrisfear é ― once it is broken

5. since (causal), inasmuch as

   ó tá mé liom féin ― since I am alone

Derived terms

• ós (“since it is”)

Etymology 3

Basically onomatopoeic, but compare English O, Latin ō, Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), etc.

Interjection

ó

1. oh

Particle

ó

1. O (vocative particle)
   • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études; 270) (overall work in French), Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, page 194:

     Ní dubhairt an mháthair seóid ach : « Tá go maith, a inghean ó ».

     The mother said nothing at all but, “That is well, daughter.”

Usage notes

Generally used postpositively, i.e. after the noun referring to the person addressed. The particle a is used before the noun.

• a mhuirnín ó ― O darling

This particle is optional, but the vocative particle a is obligatory.

• a mhic / a mhic ó ― O son, my son!

Etymology 4

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. The letter o with an acute accent, known as ó fada (literally “long o”).

Noun

ó

1. The name of the Latin-script letter o/O.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (Á á), B b (Bh bh, bhF bhf, bP bp), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh, dT dt), E e (É é), F f (Fh fh), G g (gC gc, Gh gh), H h, I i (Í í), L l, M m (mB mb, Mh mh), N n (nD nd, nG ng), O o (Ó ó), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th, tS ts), U u (Ú ú), V v
• (diacritics) ◌́ ◌̇
• (dotted letters used chiefly in Gaelic type) Ḃ ḃ, Ċ ċ, Ḋ ḋ, Ḟ ḟ, Ġ ġ, Ṁ ṁ, Ṗ ṗ, Ṡ ẛ ṡ, Ṫ ṫ
• (Latin-script letter names) litir; á, bé, cé, dé, é, eif, gé, héis, í, jé, cá, eil, eim, ein, ó, pé, cú, ear, eas, té, ú, vé, wae, ex, yé, zae
• Note: The English names are also widely used by Irish speakers.

Etymology 5

Doublet of faoi.

Preposition

ó (plus dative, triggers lenition)

1. -wards: Only used in ó thuaidh and ó dheas

Mutation

Mutated forms of ó

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
ó	n-ó	hó	t-ó

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ó”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ó”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “ó”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. The letter ⟨o⟩ in a stressed final syllable when pronounced /o/.

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and ó for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

1. The twenty-second letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, àã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɨ/, /ɛ/, (dated) /ʊ/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. The letter ⟨o⟩ with an acute accent, not considered a separate letter for collation purposes.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) pismik; A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, Ł ł, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o (Ó ó), P p, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž, Ź ź
• (obsolete letters) B́ b́, Ė ė, Ḿ ḿ, Ṅ ṅ, Ṕ ṕ, Ṙ ṙ, ſ, ß, Ꞩ ẜ, Ẃ ẃ, Ẇ ẇ, Ż ż

Macanese

Alternative forms

• ô

Etymology

From Portuguese ou. Compare Spanish o.

Conjunction

ó

1. or

   Vôs tâ uví, ô tâ finzí surdo?

   Are you listening, or pretending to be deaf?

   Na alegria, Ó na tristéza

   In joy, Or in sadness

References

• https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

Mandarin

Romanization

ó (o², Zhuyin ㄛˊ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哦

Middle Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oː/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish áu, from Proto-Celtic *ausos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws; cognate with English ear and Latin auris.

Noun

ó n

1. (archaic, poetic, anatomy) ear
2. some part of a cloak
3. some part of a shield, possibly a spike or boss
4. some part of a chessboard, possibly rings or handles for lifting
5. some part of a pitcher or vessel for liquor, possibly a curved, earlike handle

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 ó”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Etymology 2

From Old Irish úa.

Preposition

ó (with dative, triggers lenition)

1. from, of
   • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:

     Tancas o Ailill ocus o Meidb do chungid in chon.

     People came from Ailill and from Medb to ask for the dog.

2. by

Descendants

• Irish: ó
• Scottish Gaelic: o, bho
• Manx: veih, voish

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ó (preposition)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Mutation

Middle Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
ó	unchanged	n-ó
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Noon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o̘/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. A letter of the Noon alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• hó
• úa, húa

Etymology 1

Contested.

• From Proto-Celtic *au (“away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away, down”). Cognate with Latin au-, Sanskrit अव (ava, “down”), Old Church Slavonic оу- (u-).
• From Proto-Celtic *aɸu (“away”), from *apó/*h₂epó (“away”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó), Sanskrit अप (ápa, “away, off”), Latin ab (“from”), Old Church Slavonic по (po), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af).

Preposition

ó (with dative)

2. from, of

   ó thurcbáil co fuinud ― from sunrise to sunset

3. by (means of), with

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ó.

Inflection

Inflection of ó

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	(h)úaim, (h)úaimm	(h)úaimse
2d person sing.	(h)úait	(h)úaitsu, (h)úaitsiu
3d sing. masc./neut., dative	(h)úad, (h)úaid
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative
3d sing. fem., dative	úadi, húade	úadisi
3d sing. fem., accusative
1st person pl.	(h)úainn, (h)úain, (h)úan, (h)úann	(h)úanni
2d person pl.	(h)úaib	(h)úaibsi
3d person pl., dative	(h)úadib, (h)úaidib	úaidibsom, húadibsem
3d person pl., accusative

Forms with a definite article:

• ón(d), (h)úan, (h)úand (“from the”) (dative singular)
• (h)ónaib), (h)úanaib (“from the”) (dative plural)

Forms with a possessive determiner:

• (h)úam (“from my”)
• (h)úat (“from your sg”)
• oa, (h)úa, (h)ó (“from his/her/its/their”)

Forms with a relative particle:

• oa·, (h)úa·, (h)ó· (“from whom/which”)

Descendants

• Middle Irish: ó
  • Irish: ó
  • Scottish Gaelic: o, bho
  • Manx: veih, voish

Conjunction

ó (triggers lenition, takes independent verbs)

1. since (with preterite)
2. after (with perfect)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ó.

Etymology 2

Noun

ó n

1. Alternative form of áu (“ear”)

Mutation

Mutation of ó

radical	lenition	nasalization
ó (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-ó

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ó (preposition)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ó (conjunction)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and ó for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈu/, (standard) /ɔ s ˈkrɛs.kɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /ɔ s ˈkrɛs.kɔm/, /u krɛs.kɔˈva.nɛ/, /u zamˈkɲɛn.tɛ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: ó

Letter

ó (upper case Ó, lower case)

1. The twenty-first letter of the Polish alphabet, called ó, o z kreską, u kreskowane, or u zamknięte and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Etymology 1

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

2. the letter o with an acute accent
   • 2003, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 294:

     […] o único professor presente quando entraram [na sala de aula] era Binns, [...] preparando-se para continuar sua monótona lengalenga sobre a guerra dos gigantes.

     [...] the only present teacher when they entered [the classroom] was Binns, [...] preparing to continue his monotonous explanation about the giants' war.

Etymology 2

Noun

ó m (plural ós)

2. The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.

   Synonyms: ô, oh

Etymology 3

Interjection

ó

1. o; hey (vocative particle)

   Ó Senhor, dai-me forças!

   O Lord, give me strength.

Alternative forms

• oh

Etymology 4

First syllable of olha or olhe.

Interjection

ó

2. (colloquial) look!

   Ó lá o bugio!

   Look the howler monkey over there!

See also

• tó

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/ [o]
• Rhymes: -o

Conjunction

ó

1. Obsolete spelling of o.

Usage notes

• In many texts dating back to the pre-2010 reform period they used ó in place of o for all uses. Through the 20th century, it continued to see regular use near numerals to avoid confusion with a zero: 2 ó 3. All such uses are now considered nonstandard.

Taos

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔɑ/

Verb

ó (basic stem form)

1. wash

Related terms

• kòʼóne

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, compare Malay kau and Toba Batak ho.

Pronoun

ó

1. you

Upper Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊ/

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

1. The twenty-third letter of the Upper Sorbian alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, Dź dź, E e, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, Ł ł, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, Ř ř, S s, Š š, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž

Vietnamese

Etymology

Likely ultimately onomatopoeic. Compare Proto-Vietic *ʔoːʔ (“bird”).

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ˨˩˦]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ˦˥]

Noun

(classifier con) ó • (𪅴)

1. buzzard, hawk

See also

• cắt
• ưng
• đại bàng

Derived terms

• ó cá

 

Welsh

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

1. The letter O, marked for its short pronunciation when in a stressed final syllable of a polysyllabic word.

Yele

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o/

Letter

ó

1. A letter of the Yele alphabet.

Derived terms

• The digraph ⟨óó⟩ transcribes the long vowel /oː/

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, â, b, Ch ch, D d, e, é, ê, Gh gh, i, î, j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, o, ó, P p, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y, ꞉