Wiktionary

sin

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sin"
Languages (64)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Aromanian • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Breton • Cebuano • Cornish • Danish • Esperanto • Fon • Franco-Provençal • Gun • Hausa • Hokkien • Hunsrik • Icelandic • Irish • Italian • Itsekiri • Iu Mien • Kabyle • Kankanaey • Ladino • Latin • Livonian • Menien • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Middle High German • Middle Irish • Middle Low German • Miskito • Navajo • North Frisian • Northern Sami • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Dutch • Old English • Old High German • Old Irish • Old Norse • Old Saxon • Old Spanish • Old Swedish • Picard • Romanian • Saterland Frisian • Scottish Gaelic • Serbo-Croatian • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tatar • Turkish • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Welsh • West Frisian • Yoruba • Zhuang
Page categories

Translingual

edit

Symbol

edit

sin

  1. (mathematics) The trigonometric function sine.
  2. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sinhala.

English

edit
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

edit

From Middle English sinne, synne, sunne, zen, from Old English synn (“sin”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnju, from Proto-Germanic *sunjō (“truth, excuse”) and *sundī, *sundijō (“sin”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁s-ónt-ih₂, from *h₁sónts ("being, true", implying a verdict of "truly guilty" against an accusation or charge), from *h₁es- (“to be”); compare Old English sōþ ("true"; see sooth). Doublet of suttee.

Cognates

Cognate with Scots syn, sin (“sin”), Saterland Frisian Säände (“sin”), West Frisian sûnde (“sin”), Dutch zonde (“sin”), Low German sunn, sunne (“sin”), German Sünde (“sin”), Danish synd (“sin”), Swedish synd (“sin”), Icelandic synð, synd (“sin”), Latin sont-, sons (“sinful, guilty, criminal”). Doublet of suttee.

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • enPR: sĭn, IPA(key): /sɪn/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪn

Noun

edit

sin (countable and uncountable, plural sins)

  2. (theology) A violation of divine will or religious law.
    As a Christian, I think this is a sin against God.
    • 1866, James Buchanan, Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion‎[2], New York: D. Appleton and Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 9:
      Slavery, according to them, was a grievous sin against God, and therefore no human Constitution could rightfully shield it from destruction. It was sinful to live in a political confederacy which tolerated slavery in any of the States composing it; […]
  3. Sinfulness, depravity, iniquity.
  4. A misdeed or wrong.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:
      The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. […] The second note, the high alarum, not so familiar and always important since it indicates the paramount sin in Man's private calendar, took most of them by surprise although they had been well prepared.
  5. A sin offering; a sacrifice for sin.
  6. An embodiment of sin; a very wicked person.
  7. A flaw or mistake.
    No movie is without sin.
  8. (sports) sin bin
    • 2023 October 28, Leighton Koopman, “YES!!! The Springboks beat the All Blacks to win another Rugby World Cup title”, in Independent Online‎[3]:
      Winger Cheslin Kolbe, sitting with his jersey over his head in the sin after a yellow card at the death, was probably the sight of millions of South Africans around the country who had their hearts in their mouth as they sat through another nail-biting match.
Synonyms
edit
Derived terms
edit
Terms derived from sin (noun)
Translations
edit
See sin/translations § Noun.

Verb

edit

sin (third-person singular simple present sins, present participle sinning, simple past and past participle sinned)

  1. (intransitive, theology) To commit a sin.
Derived terms
edit
Translations
edit
See sin/translations § Verb.

Etymology 2

edit

Modification of shin.

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin (plural sins)

  1. A letter of the Hebrew alphabet; שׂ
  2. A letter of the Arabic alphabet; س

Etymology 3

edit

Noun

edit

sin (plural sins)

  1. Alternative form of sinh (“tube skirt”)

Anagrams

edit

Afar

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈsin/ [ˈsɪn]
  • Hyphenation: sin

Pronoun

edit

sín (predicative síini)

  1. ye, you

See also

edit
Afar personal pronouns
1st person 2nd person 3rd person m 3rd person f
Subject Singular anú atú úsuk ís
Plural nanú isín úsun
Object Singular yó kó ká tét
Plural né sín kén

Determiner

edit

sín

  1. your (second person plural)

See also

edit
Afar possessive determiners
1st person 2nd person 3rd person m 3rd person f
Personal Singular yi ku kay tet
Plural ni sin ken
Reflexive Singular inní isí
Plural ninní isinní, sinní

References

edit
  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “sin”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[4], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Afrikaans

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Dutch zin, from Middle Dutch sin, from Old Dutch sin, from Proto-West Germanic *sinn.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin (plural sinne, diminutive sinnetjie)

  1. meaning, sense
  2. sentence
  3. sense (means of perceiving reality)
  4. sense, comprehension
  5. desire
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Particle

edit

sin

  1. Misspelling of s'n.

Aromanian

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin sinus. Compare Romanian sân, Spanish seno.

Noun

edit

sin n (plural sinj)

  1. breast

See also

edit

Asturian

edit

Preposition

edit

sin

  1. Alternative form of ensin

Azerbaijani

edit

Etymology

edit

Borrowed from Arabic سِين (sīn).

Noun

edit

sin (definite accusative sini, plural sinlər)

  1. the Arabic letter س

Declension

edit
    Declension of sin
singular plural
nominative sin
 sinlər
definite accusative sini
 sinləri
dative sinə
 sinlərə
locative sində
 sinlərdə
ablative sindən
 sinlərdən
definite genitive sinin
 sinlərin
    Possessive forms of sin
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sinim sinlərim
sənin (“your”) sinin sinlərin
onun (“his/her/its”) sini sinləri
bizim (“our”) sinimiz sinlərimiz
sizin (“your”) sininiz sinləriniz
onların (“their”) sini or sinləri sinləri
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sinimi sinlərimi
sənin (“your”) sinini sinlərini
onun (“his/her/its”) sinini sinlərini
bizim (“our”) sinimizi sinlərimizi
sizin (“your”) sininizi sinlərinizi
onların (“their”) sinini or sinlərini sinlərini
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sinimə sinlərimə
sənin (“your”) sininə sinlərinə
onun (“his/her/its”) sininə sinlərinə
bizim (“our”) sinimizə sinlərimizə
sizin (“your”) sininizə sinlərinizə
onların (“their”) sininə or sinlərinə sinlərinə
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sinimdə sinlərimdə
sənin (“your”) sinində sinlərində
onun (“his/her/its”) sinində sinlərində
bizim (“our”) sinimizdə sinlərimizdə
sizin (“your”) sininizdə sinlərinizdə
onların (“their”) sinində or sinlərində sinlərində
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sinimdən sinlərimdən
sənin (“your”) sinindən sinlərindən
onun (“his/her/its”) sinindən sinlərindən
bizim (“our”) sinimizdən sinlərimizdən
sizin (“your”) sininizdən sinlərinizdən
onların (“their”) sinindən or sinlərindən sinlərindən
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sinimin sinlərimin
sənin (“your”) sininin sinlərinin
onun (“his/her/its”) sininin sinlərinin
bizim (“our”) sinimizin sinlərimizin
sizin (“your”) sininizin sinlərinizin
onların (“their”) sininin or sinlərinin sinlərinin

Further reading

edit
  • “sin” in Obastan.com.

Breton

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin signum.

Noun

edit

sin m

  1. sign

Cebuano

edit

Etymology

edit

From Spanish zinc, from German Zink, related to Zinke (“point, prong”), from Middle High German zinke, from Old High German zinko (“prong, tine”), allied to zint (“a jag, point”), from Proto-Germanic *tindaz (“prong, pinnacle”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth, projection”).

Noun

edit

sin

  1. zinc
  2. galvanized iron sheet

Cornish

edit

Etymology

edit

Ultimately from Latin signum.

Noun

edit

sin m (plural sînys)

  1. sign

Danish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse sínn.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin c (neuter sit, plural sine)

  1. (reflexive possessive) third-person sg pronoun, meaning his/her/its (own)
    Han læste sin bog ― He read his (own) book
    Compare: Han læste hans bog ― He read his (somebody else's) book

See also

edit
Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
Singular First – jeg mig min mit mine
Second modern / informal du dig din dit dine
formal De Dem Deres
Third masculine (person) han ham hans
feminine (person) hun hende hendes
common(noun) den dens
neuter(noun) det dets
reflexive – sig sin sit sine
Plural First modern vi os vores
archaic / formal vor vort vore
Second – I jer jeres
Third – de dem deres
reflexive – sig

Esperanto

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. accusative of si

Fon

edit
 
Sìn ɔ́

Etymology

edit

Cognates include Gun sìn, Saxwe Gbe ɛsìn, Adja eshi, Ewe esti

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sìn

  1. water

References

edit
  • Claire Lefebvre, Anne-Marie Brousseau, A Grammar of Fongbe (2002, →ISBN

Franco-Provençal

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *seum. Doublet of son (possessive determiner).

Pronoun

edit

sin (feminine singular sina, masculine plural sins, feminine plural sines) (ORB, broad)

  1. his, her, its (third-person singular possessor)

See also

edit
Franco-Provençal personal pronouns
singular nominative accusative dative tonic1 possessive2
1st person jo mè min
2nd person te tè tin
3rd person masculine il lo / le lui sin
3rd person feminine el la lyé
3rd person neuter o y —
3rd person reflexive — sè
plural nominative accusative dative tonic1 possessive2
1st person nos noutro
2nd person vos voutro
3rd person masculine ils los / les lor lor
3rd person feminine els les lor / lyés
3rd person reflexive — sè
1 Disjunctive or object of a preposition. 2 Generally preceded by a definite article.

Gun

edit
 
Sìn lọ́

Etymology 1

edit

Cognates include Fon sìn, Saxwe Gbe ɛsìn, Adja eshi, Ewe esti. Possibly cognate with Nkonya ntsu.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sìn (plural sìn lɛ́ or sìn lẹ́)

  1. water
    Synonym: òsìn

Etymology 2

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Particle

edit

sín

  1. comes after a noun to indicate that this noun possesses that which follows, much like English 's
    Gbẹ̀tọ́ sín àfọ̀ / Gbɛ̀tɔ́ sín àfɔ̀ ― The human's foot

References

edit
  • Aspect and Modality in Kwa Languages (2006, →ISBN)

Hausa

edit

Etymology

edit

From Arabic سِين (sīn).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin f

  1. sin (letter of the Arabic alphabet)

Hokkien

edit
For pronunciation and definitions of sin – see 新 (“new; fresh; new; unused; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 新).

Hunsrik

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn (“to be”) (with some parts from Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”) and *beuną (“to be, exist, become”)), from Proto-Indo-European *es-, *h₁es- (“to be, exist”).

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sin

  1. to be
    Ich sin en Mann.
    I am a man.
    Deer seid zu mied.
    You are too tired.
    Sie denke, dass-se en Hex is.
    They think she's a witch.
    All, wo dart waare, sin gestorreb.
    Everyone who was there died.
  2. (auxiliary) forms the perfect tense of most intransitive verbs
    Ich sin fortgang.
    I am gone.

Inflection

edit
Irregular with past tense, conditional and subjunctive mood
infinitive sin
participle gewees, geweest, geween
auxiliary sin
present
indicative 		past
indicative 		conditional subjunctive imperative
ich sin waar wäär sei —
du bist waarst wäärst seist sei
er/sie/es is waar wäär sei —
meer sin waare wääre seie —
deer seid waard wäärd seid seid
sie sin waare wääre seie —
The use of the present participle is uncommon, but can be made with the suffix -end.

Derived terms

edit

Further reading

edit

Icelandic

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse sin.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin f (genitive singular sinar, nominative plural sinar)

  1. sinew, tendon

Declension

edit
    Declension of sin
f-s1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative sin sinin sinar sinarnar
accusative sin sinina sinar sinarnar
dative sin sininni sinum sinunum
genitive sinar sinarinnar sina sinanna

Irish

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Irish sin, from Old Irish sin.

Pronunciation

edit

Determiner

edit

sin

  1. (used with the definite article) that
    an buachaill sin ― that boy

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. that
    Sin é mo dheartháir.
    That is my brother.
    • (Can we date this quote?), “Cad é sin don té sin”‎[5]:
      Ó cad é sin don té sin nach mbaineann sin dó?
      Oh what is that to him whom that doesn't concern?

Derived terms

edit

Mutation

edit
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
sin shin
after an, tsin 		not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

edit

Italian

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈsin/
  • Rhymes: -in
  • Hyphenation: sìn

Preposition

edit

sin

  1. Apocopic form of sino

Itsekiri

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Cognates include Ìjẹ̀bú Yoruba sẹ́n

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sín

  1. to be long

Etymology 2

edit

Cognates include Yoruba sín, Olukumi ṣín, Owé Yoruba hín, Ìjẹ̀bú Yoruba sẹ́n, Ifè sɛ̃́

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sín

  1. to sneeze

Iu Mien

edit

Etymology

edit

From Chinese 身 (MC syin).

Noun

edit

sin 

  1. body

Kabyle

edit
Kabyle cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : sin

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Berber.

Pronunciation

edit

Numeral

edit

sin m (feminine snat)

  1. two

References

edit
  • Bellahsene, Linda, Hameg, Nadia (2009) “Kabyle numeral system”, in Université Paris 4, CNRS, editor, Numeral Systems of the World's Languages‎[6], Paris, France

Kankanaey

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • (Standard Kankanaey) IPA(key): /ˈsin/ [ˈsi̞n]
    • IPA(key): (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian) /ˈhin/ [ˈhi̞n]
  • Rhymes: -in
  • Syllabification: sin

Article

edit

sin

  1. oblique argument, specifically a common nominal definite marker

See also

edit

References

edit
  • Janet L. Allen (2014) Kankanaey: A Role and Reference Grammar Analysis‎[7] (overall work in English), →ISBN, page 128

Ladino

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Spanish sin, from Latin sine.

Pronunciation

edit

Preposition

edit

sin (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling סין)

  1. without

Antonyms

edit

Latin

edit

Etymology

edit

From sī + nē.

Pronunciation

edit

Conjunction

edit

sīn

  1. if however, if on the contrary, but if
    sin aliter/minus/secus ― otherwise, if not
    • Nonne si bene egeris, recipies : sin autem male, statim in foribus peccatum aderit?
      If thou do well, shalt thou not receive? but if ill, shall not sin forthwith be present at the door? (Genesis 4:7, God speaking to Cain)

References

edit
  • sin in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication

Livonian

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. genitive singular of sinā

Menien

edit

Noun

edit

sin

  1. water

References

edit
  • Martius, Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Brasiliens, page 155

Middle Dutch

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Dutch sin, from Proto-West Germanic *sinn.

Noun

edit

sin m or f

  1. direction
  2. attention
  3. sense, intellect, reason
  4. feeling, emotion
  5. sense, perception
  6. meaning

Inflection

edit

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

edit
  • Dutch: zin
    • Afrikaans: sin
    • Negerhollands: sin
  • Limburgish: zin

Further reading

edit

Middle English

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Conjunction

edit

sin

  1. Alternative form of sithen

Etymology 2

edit

Noun

edit

sin

  1. Alternative form of synne

Middle High German

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈs̠iːn/

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Old High German sīn. Cognate with Middle Low German sīn.

Alternative forms

edit

Verb

edit

sīn or wësen (irregular, third-person singular present ist, past tense was, past participle gewësen, past subjunctive wære, auxiliary sīn)

  1. to be, become
Conjugation
edit
Conjugation of sīn (irregular, auxiliary sīn)
infinitive sīn
wësen
genitive gerund sīnnes
sīnes
wësennes
wësenes
dative gerund sīnne
sīne
wësenne
wësene
present participle sīnde
wësende
past participle gewësen
auxiliary sīn
indicative subjunctive
singular plural singular plural
present ich bin wir birn i ich sī wir sīn
du bist ir birt du sīst ir sīt
ër ist sie sint ër sī sie sīn
preterite ich was wir wāren ii ich wære wir wæren
du wære ir wāret du wærest ir wæret
ër was sie wāren ër wære sie wæren
imperative wis (du)
bis (du) 		sīt (ir)
Composed forms of sīn (irregular, auxiliary sīn)
perfect
singular plural singular plural
indicative ich bin gewësen wir birn gewësen subjunctive ich sī gewësen wir sīn gewësen
du bist gewësen ir birt gewësen du sīst gewësen ir sīt gewësen
ër ist gewësen sie sint gewësen ër sī gewësen sie sīn gewësen
pluperfect
indicative ich was gewësen wir wāren gewësen subjunctive ich wære gewësen wir wæren gewësen
du wære gewësen ir wāret gewësen du wærest gewësen ir wæret gewësen
ër was gewësen sie wāren gewësen ër wære gewësen sie wæren gewësen
future i
infinitive sīn süln subjunctive i ich sul sīn wir suln sīn
du sule sīn ir sulet sīn
ër sul sīn sie suln sīn
indicative ich sol sīn wir sulen sīn subjunctive ii ich sölte sīn
ich sölde sīn 		wir sölten sīn
wir sölden sīn
du solt sīn ir sulet sīn du söltest sīn
du söldest sīn 		ir söltet sīn
ir söldet sīn
ër sol sīn sie sulen sīn ër sölte sīn
ër sölde sīn 		sie sölten sīn
sie sölden sīn
future ii
infinitive gewësen sīn süln subjunctive i ich sul gewësen sīn wir suln gewësen sīn
du sule gewësen sīn ir sulet gewësen sīn
ër sul gewësen sīn sie suln gewësen sīn
indicative ich sol gewësen sīn wir sulen gewësen sīn subjunctive ii ich sölte gewësen sīn
ich sölde gewësen sīn 		wir sölten gewësen sīn
wir sölden gewësen sīn
du solt gewësen sīn ir sulet gewësen sīn du söltest gewësen sīn
du söldest gewësen sīn 		ir söltet gewësen sīn
ir söldet gewësen sīn
ër sol gewësen sīn sie sulen gewësen sīn ër sölte gewësen sīn
ër sölde gewësen sīn 		sie sölten gewësen sīn
sie sölden gewësen sīn
Descendants
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Inherited from Old High German sīn.

Determiner

edit

sīn

  1. his
  2. its
  3. one's
Descendants
edit

References

edit
  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “sin”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel

Middle Irish

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Irish sin.

Determiner

edit

sin

  1. (used with the definite article) that
    • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
      Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tan sin […]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time […]

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. that
    • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
      Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tan sin […]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time […]

Further reading

edit

Middle Low German

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • (originally) IPA(key): /siːn/

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Saxon sīn.

Pronoun

edit

sîn

  1. (personal pronoun, third person, in the singular, masculine, genitive) of his
    lohant ret her Zeno hen na Verona to dem vader sin.
    John rode Sir Zeno to Verona, to the father of his.
  2. (personal pronoun, third person, in the singular, neuter, genitive) of it
  3. (possessive, third person, in the singular, masculine) his
  4. (possessive, third person, neuter, masculine) its
Declension
edit

Personal pronoun:

Middle Low German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
1st person singular ik (ek) mî (mê, mik, mek) mîn (mîner)
2nd person singular dû dî (dê, dik, dek) dîn (dîner)
3rd person singular
m hê (hî, hie) ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn) ēme, em (ȫme, en) sîn (sîner)
n it (et)
f sê (sî, sie, sü̂) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
1st person plural wî (wê, wie) uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) unser (ûser)
2nd person plural gî (jê, î) jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person plural sê (sî, sie) em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)

For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here.

Possessive pronoun:

Declension of sin
nominative accusative dative genitive
Strong declension
Masculine sîn sînen sînem(e) (sînennote) sînes
Neuter sîn
Feminine sîne sîner(e)
Plural sîne sînen sîner(e)
Weak declension
Masculine sîne sînen sînen
Neuter sîne
Feminine sînen
Plural sînen
The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.
Alternative forms
edit
  • sîner (for the genitive of the personal pronoun)

Etymology 2

edit

From Old Saxon sīn.

Alternative forms

edit

Verb

edit

sîn

  1. to be

Usage notes
edit
  • Wēsen is a verb with a suppletive conjugation based on multiple Proto-Germanic stems. For many verb forms, authors freely chose between forms based on the stems wēs- and sî-, without semantic impact. This is also true for modern Low German and Dutch. For the forms based on the sî- stem, see the respective entry at wēsen.
Descendants
edit
  • German Low German:
    Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch: sin (past participle: west, also wesen)
    Westphalian:
    Münsterländisch: syn (past participle: weßt), sien (past participle: west)
    Paderbornisch: seyn, syn (past participle: wiäsen)

Miskito

edit

Adverb

edit

sin

  1. also, too
edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Athabaskan *xʸən (“shaman's power, medicine, song”). Related to -YĮĮD (“to be holy”), from Proto-Athabaskan *ɣʸən (“to act as a shaman, to be endowed with supernatural powers”).

Compare Ahtna sen (“spiritual power, medicine”), Koyukon sən (“shaman's spirit”), Gwich'in shan (“shamanism, magic”), Tlingit shí, shī, shi(n) (“sing, song”), Eyak tsį, Dena'ina shen, Galice šan (“song”), Lipan shį̀.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin (possessed form biyiin)

  1. song

Inflection

edit
possessives of sin
singular duoplural plural
1st person shiyiin nihiyiin danihiyiin
2nd person niyiin nihiyiin danihiyiin
3rd person biyiin
4th person (3o) yiyiin
4th person (3a) hayiin
Indefinite (3i) ayiin

North Frisian

edit

Determiner

edit

sin

  1. (Sylt) his (third-person singular masculine possessive determiner)
  2. (Sylt) its (third-person singular neuterpossessive determiner)
  3. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) feminine/neuter/plural of san (“his, its”, Föhr-Amrum also “her”)

Pronoun

edit

sin (plural (Sylt) sinen)

  1. (Sylt) his (third-person singular masculine possessive pronoun)
  2. (Sylt) its (third-person singular neuterpossessive pronoun)
  3. (Föhr-Amrum) feminine/neuter of san (“his, hers, its”)
  4. (Mooring) feminine/neuter/plural of san (“his, its”)

See also

edit
Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine referent feminine / neuter referent plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi man min minen
2nd dü – di dan din dinen
3rd m. hi 'r ham 'n san sin sinen
3rd f. / n. hat at, 't at, 't
plural 1st wi 'f üs üüs üüsen
üsens
2nd jam 'm jam jau jauen
jamens
3rd jo 's jo 's hör hören
hörens
notes The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör.
Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine
referent 		feminine / neuter / plural
referent
full reduced full reduced
singular 1st ik 'k me man min
2nd dü – de dan din
3rd m. hi 'r ham 'n san sin
3rd f. jü 's har 's harn har
3rd n. hat et, 't ham et, 't san sin
plural 1st we üs üüsen üüs
2nd jam 'm jam jarnge
3rd ja 's ja, jam 's jare
notes The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.
Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case singular
referent 		plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi min minen
2nd dü – di din dinen
3rd m. hi 'r höm 'n sin sinen
3rd f. jü 's höör 's höör höören
3rd n. hat et, 't höm et, 't sin sinen
dual 1st wat unk unken
2nd at junk junken
3rd jat jam 's jaar jaaren
plural 1st wü üüs üüsen
2nd i juu juuen
3rd ja 's jam 's jaar jaaren
notes The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Northern Sami

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. accusative/genitive of sii

Norwegian Bokmål

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse sinn.

Pronunciation

edit
  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Determiner

edit

sin m (feminine si, neuter sitt, plural sine)

  1. (reflexive pronoun) her / his / its / their
  2. indicating possession; 's, of
    Det var skolen sin bil.
    It was the school's car.

See also

edit
    Personal pronouns in Bokmål
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
feminine masculine neuter plural
Singular First – jeg meg mi min mitt mine
Second general du deg di din ditt dine
formal (rare) De Dem Deres
Third feminine (person) hun henne hennes
masculine (person) han ham / han hans
feminine (noun) den dens
masculine (noun)
neuter (noun) det dets
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine
Plural First – vi oss vår vårt våre
Second general dere deres
formal (very rare) De Dem Deres
Third general de dem deres
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine

References

edit

Norwegian Nynorsk

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Norse sinn.

Pronunciation

edit

Determiner

edit

sin (masculine sin, feminine si, neuter sitt, plural sine)

  1. (reflexive pronoun) her/his/its/their
  2. indicating possession; 's, of
    Det var skulen sin bil.
    It was the school’s car.

References

edit

Old Dutch

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-West Germanic *sīn.

Determiner

edit

sīn

  1. his, its, hers

Inflection

edit
Declension of sin — Strong only
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative sīn sīn sīn
Accusative sīnin sīna sīn
Genitive sīnis sīnro sīnis
Dative sīnin sīnro sīnin
Instrumental sīnin sīnro sīnin
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative sīna sīna sīna
Accusative sīna sīna sīna
Genitive sīnro sīnro sīnro
Dative sīnon sīnon sīnon
Instrumental sīn- sīn- sīn-

Descendants

edit

Further reading

edit
  • “sīn (II)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-West Germanic *sīn (“his, her, its, their”, genitive reflexive).

Cognate with Old Frisian sīn (“his, its”), Old Saxon sīn (“his”) (Middle Low German sin), Dutch zijn, Old High German sīn (“his”) (German sein), Old Norse sínn (“one's own”), Old English sē (“that, that one, he”). More at the.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

sīn

  1. (rare, chiefly dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun) his; her; its; their
    • him ġewāt Hrōþgār tō hofe sīnum ― For him Hrothgar went to his courtyard
    • þæt wīf tredeð mid sīnum fōtum ― The woman walks with her feet
    • þeċ heriað Israhēla, herran sīnne ― Israel plunders you, their lord
    • Bær sēo brimwylf hringa þengel tō hofe sīnum ― The sea-wolf carried the Prince of Rings to her lair

Usage notes

edit
  • Usually occurs in non-West Saxon dialects; rarely occurs in West Saxon prose, where it was replaced early on by the genitive forms: his, hire, and heora.

Declension

edit
Declension of sīn — Strong only
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative sīn sīn sīn
Accusative sīnne sīne sīn
Genitive sīnes sīnre sīnes
Dative sīnum sīnre sīnum
Instrumental sīne sīnre sīne
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative sīne sīna, sīne sīn
Accusative sīne sīna, sīne sīn
Genitive sīnra sīnra sīnra
Dative sīnum sīnum sīnum
Instrumental sīnum sīnum sīnum

Old High German

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-West Germanic *sinn.

Noun

edit

sin m

  1. sense
  2. mind
  3. spirit
  4. thought
  5. intention

Declension

edit
Declension of sin (masculine a-stem)
case singular plural
nominative sin sina
accusative sin sina
genitive sines sino
dative sine sinum
instrumental sinu —

Synonyms

edit

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  1. Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014

Old Irish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Celtic *sindos (compare Welsh hyn), from Proto-Indo-European *sḗm (“one”) or *só (“that”); strong doublet of in (“the”).

Determiner

edit

sin

  1. that, those (used after the noun, which is preceded by the definite article)
    Synonym: tall
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14c23
      co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu
      so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different
    • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
      De dliguth trá inna n-il-toimdden sin, is de gaibthi “igitur”; quasi dixisset “Ní fail ní nád taí mo dligeth-sa fair i ndegaid na comroircnech.”
      Of the law then, of those many opinions, it is thereof that he recites “igitur”; as if he had said, “There is nothing which my law does not touch upon after the erroneous ones.

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. that (as a direct object, used together with a clitic pronoun)
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14d26
      Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sa sin.
      It is in the person of Christ that I do that.

Derived terms

edit

Old Norse

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Germanic *senawō.

Noun

edit

sin f (genitive sinar)

  1. cord, tendon, sinew; nerve

References

edit
  • "sin", in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Saxon

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-West Germanic *sīn.

Determiner

edit

sīn m or n

  1. (dialectal, reflexive possessive pronoun) his, its
    • 9th c. Heliand, verse 178:
      uundrodun alla bihuuī he thar sō lango frāon sīnun thionon thorfti
      they all wondered who he should need for so long to serve his Lords
    • verse 3832:
      selliad, that thar sīn ist: that sculun iuuua seolon uuesen
      Bring that which is his, that shall be your souls
Declension
edit
Declension of sīn
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sīn sīne sīn sīnu sīn sīne
accusative sīnana sīne sīn sīnu sīna sīne
genitive sīnes sīnarō sīnes sīnarō sīnaro sīnarō
dative sīnumu sīnum sīnumu sīnum sīnaro sīnum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative sīno sīnu sīna sīnu sīna sīnu
accusative sīnun sīnun sīna sīnun sīnun sīnun
genitive sīnun sīnonō sīnun sīnonō sīnun sīnonō
dative sīnun sīnum sīnun sīnum sīnun sīnum


Descendants
edit

See also

edit
Old Saxon personal pronouns
Personal pronouns
Singular 1. 2. 3. m 3. f 3. n
Nominative ik thū hē siu it
Accusative mī, me, mik thī, thik ina sia
Dative mī thī imu iru it
Genitive mīn thīn is ira is
Dual 1. 2. - - -
Nominative wit git - - -
Accusative unk ink - - -
Dative
Genitive unkero, unka

inker, inka

- - -
Plural 1. 2. 3. m 3. f 3. n
Nominative wī, we gī, ge sia sia siu
Accusative ūs, unsik eu, iu, iuu
Dative ūs im
Genitive ūser euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera iro

Etymology 2

edit

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be, exist”) (with some parts from Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”)). Cognate with Old Dutch sīn (“to be”), Old English sēon (“to be”), Old High German sīn. More at sooth.

Verb

edit

sīn (irregular)

  1. to be (more at wesan)
Conjugation
edit
Conjugation of sīn (irregular, suppletive)
infinitive sīn
indicative present past
1st person singular *em, *im was
2nd person singular *art *wāri
3rd person singular ist, is was
plural sind, sindun, *arun wārun
subjunctive present past
1st person singular sī wāri
2nd person singular sīs wāris
3rd person singular sī wāri
plural sīn wārin
imperative present
singular wes, wis
plural wesad, wesat, wesath
participle present past
wesandi giwesan
Descendants
edit

Old Spanish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Latin sine.

Preposition

edit

sin

  1. without
    • c. 1200, Cantar del Mio Cid:
      Vio puertas abiertas e uços sin cannados
      He saw open doors and gates without locks

Antonyms

edit

Descendants

edit

Old Swedish

edit

Etymology

edit

Old Norse sínn, sinn from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz.

Determiner

edit

sin

  1. (Reflexive possessive third person determiner.) his (own), her (own), its (own), their (own)

Picard

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin m

  1. his, hers or its

Romanian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ), from Proto-Slavic *synъ (“son”).

Noun

edit

sin m (uncountable)

  1. (dated, regional) son of (in patronymics)

Declension

edit
declension of sin (singular only)
singular
m gender indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) sin sinul
genitive/dative (unui) sin sinului
vocative sinule

Saterland Frisian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Frisian sīn, from Proto-West Germanic *sīn. Cognates include West Frisian syn and German sein.

Pronunciation

edit

Determiner

edit

sin (feminine sien, neuter sien, plural sien, predicative sinnen)

  1. his

See also

edit
Saterland Frisian possessives
Possessive determiners
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd m 3rd f 3rd n 1st 2nd 3rd
masculine min din sin hiere sin uus jou hiere
other mien dien sien sien
Possessive pronouns
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd m 3rd f 3rd n 1st 2nd 3rd
masculine minnen dinnen sinnen hierens sinnen uzen jouens hierens
other mienen dienen sienen sienen

References

edit
  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “sin”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Irish [Term?], from Old Irish sin. Cognates include Irish sin and Manx shen.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. that
    Dè tha sin? ― What is that?

Usage notes

edit
  • With the definite article, used as a determiner:
    an gille sin ― that boy (literally, “the boy that”)

Derived terms

edit

See also

edit
Scottish Gaelic demonstratives
pronoun adverb
proximal seo an seo
medial sin an sin
distal siud an siud

References

edit
  1. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  3. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  4. ^ Seanchas Shlèite

Further reading

edit
  • Colin Mark (2003) “sin”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 526

Serbo-Croatian

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Slavic *synъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀnus, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sȋn m (Cyrillic spelling си̑н)

  1. son
Declension
edit
Declension of sin
singular plural
nominative sȋn sȉnovi
genitive sȋna sȉnōvā
dative sȋnu sȉnovima
accusative sȋna sȉnove
vocative sȋne sȉnovi
locative sínu sȉnovima
instrumental sȋnom sȉnovima

Etymology 2

edit

From Hebrew ש.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sȉn m (Cyrillic spelling си̏н)

  1. sin (letter of various Semitic abjads)
Declension
edit
Declension of sin
singular plural
nominative sin sini
genitive sina sina
dative sinu sinima
accusative sina sine
vocative sine sini
locative sinu sinima
instrumental sinom sinima

Slovene

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Slavic *synъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sū́ˀnus, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sȋn m anim

  1. son

Inflection

edit
Declension of sin
nom. sing. sin
gen. sing. sina
singular dual plural
nominative sin sinova sinovi
accusative sin / sinu sinova sinove
genitive sina sinov sinov
dative sinu sinovoma sinovom
locative sinu sinovih sinovih
instrumental sinom sinovoma sinovi

Further reading

edit
  • “sin”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Spanish

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Spanish sin, from Latin sine. Cognate with English sans, French sans, Italian senza, and Portuguese sem.

Pronunciation

edit

Preposition

edit

sin

  1. without
    Antonym: con

Derived terms

edit

Further reading

edit

Swedish

edit

Alternative forms

edit
  • ſin (obsolete typography)

Etymology 1

edit

Nominalisation of sina (“run dry”).

Noun

edit

sin ?

  1. Dryness, the state of having run dry.
Usage notes
edit

Most commonly used when referring to either milk or funds.

Etymology 2

edit

From Old Swedish sīn, from Old Norse sínn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz. Cognate with Danish sin, Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (seins), German sein, Dutch zijn.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin c (neuter sitt, plural sina)

  1. his (own), her (own), its (own), their (own). (Reflexive possessive third person pronoun).
    Han hämtade sin post för tio minuter sedan.
    He picked up his (own) mail ten minutes ago.
    Compare:
    Han hämtade hans post för tio minuter sedan.
    He picked up his (somebody else’s) mail ten minutes ago.
    Hon samlar sina dikter i en låda.
    She collects her poems in a box.
    Hunden tycker inte om sitt halsband.
    The dog doesn’t like its collar.
    De tog sina papper och lämnade mötet.
    They gathered their papers and left the meeting.
Usage notes
edit
  • The inflection of the word sin is determined by the gender and number of the object: sin for common singular, sitt for neuter singular, and sina for plural, just like an adjective.
Declension
edit
Swedish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
singular first — jag mig, mej3 min mitt mina
second — du dig, dej3 din ditt dina
third masculine (person) han honom, han2, en5 hans
feminine (person) hon henne, na5 hennes
gender-neutral (person)1 hen hen, henom7 hens
common (noun) den den dess
neuter (noun) det det dess
indefinite man or en4 en ens
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
plural first — vi oss vår, våran2 vårt, vårat2 våra
second — ni er er, eran2, ers6 ert, erat2 era
archaic I eder eder, eders6 edert edra
third — de, dom3 dem, dom3 deras
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council

Tatar

edit

Pronoun

edit

sin

  1. you (singular), thou

Turkish

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Turkic *sï(y)n (“monument, tomb”).[1]

Noun

edit

sin (definite accusative sini, plural sinler)

  1. (dated) grave, burial place
Inflection
edit
Inflection
Nominative sin
Definite accusative sini
Singular Plural
Nominative sin sinler
Definite accusative sini sinleri
Dative sine sinlere
Locative sinde sinlerde
Ablative sinden sinlerden
Genitive sinin sinlerin

References

edit
  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*sɨ(j)n”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Etymology 2

edit

From Arabic سِين (sīn).

Noun

edit

sin

  1. Letter of the Arabic alphabet: س

Uzbek

edit

Etymology

edit

Borrowed from Arabic سِين (sīn).

Noun

edit

sin (plural sinlar)

  1. the Arabic letter س

Declension

edit
Declension of sin
singular plural
nominative sin sinlar
genitive sinning sinlarning
dative singa sinlarga
definite accusative sinni sinlarni
locative sinda sinlarda
ablative sindan sinlardan
similative sindek sinlardek
Possessive forms of sin
my singular plural
nominative sinim sinlarim
genitive sinimning sinlarimning
dative sinimga sinlarimga
definite accusative sinimni sinlarimni
locative sinimda sinlarimda
ablative sinimdan sinlarimdan
similative sinimdek sinlarimdek
your singular plural
nominative sining sinlaring
genitive siningning sinlaringning
dative siningga sinlaringga
definite accusative siningni sinlaringni
locative siningda sinlaringda
ablative siningdan sinlaringdan
similative siningdek sinlaringdek
her/his/its singular plural
nominative sini sinlari
genitive sinining sinlarining
dative siniga sinlariga
definite accusative sinini sinlarini
locative sinida sinlarida
ablative sinidan sinlaridan
similative sinidek sinlaridek
our singular plural
nominative sinimiz sinlarimiz
genitive sinimizning sinlarimizning
dative sinimizga sinlarimizga
definite accusative sinimizni sinlarimizni
locative sinimizda sinlarimizda
ablative sinimizdan sinlarimizdan
similative sinimizdek sinlarimizdek
your singular plural
nominative siningiz sinlaringiz
genitive siningizning sinlaringizning
dative siningizga sinlaringizga
definite accusative siningizni sinlaringizni
locative siningizda sinlaringizda
ablative siningizdan sinlaringizdan
similative siningizdek sinlaringizdek
their singular plural
nominative sini sinlari
genitive sinining sinlarining
dative siniga sinlariga
definite accusative sinini sinlarini
locative sinida sinlarida
ablative sinidan sinlaridan similative sinidek sinlaridek

Vietnamese

edit

Etymology

edit

From translingual sin, from English sine, from Latin sinus.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin

  1. (trigonometry) sine
    Sin đi học. Cos không hư. Tang đoàn kết. Cotang kết đoàn.
    SOH-CAH-TOA
    (literally, “Sine goes to school. Cosine isn't naughty. Tangent unifies. Cotangent does too.”)

See also

edit

Welsh

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit
PIE word
*(s)ḱeh₃-

From English scene, from Middle French scene, from Latin scaena, scēna, from Ancient Greek σκηνή (skēnḗ, “scene, stage”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃ih₂, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Doublet of cysgod (“shade, shadow”).

Noun

edit

sin f (plural sinau, not mutable)

  1. scene (social environment)
    y sin bop Gymraeg ― the Welsh-language pop scene

Etymology 2

edit

From English sine, from Latin sinus (“curve, bend; bosom”), a translation of Arabic جَيْب (jayb, “bosom”), from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “sine, chord, bowstring”) through Sanskrit जीव (jīva, “sine, chord, life, existence”). Doublet of sinws (“sinus”).

Noun

edit

sin m (plural sinau, not mutable)

  1. (trigonometry, differential geometry) sine
edit

Etymology 3

edit

From Middle English sine, from Old French signe, from Latin signum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) or *sekʷ- (“to follow”); Doublet of sygn (“astrological sign”).

Alternative forms

edit

Noun

edit

sin m (plural sinau, not mutable)

  1. (obsolete) sign
    Synonym: arwydd
  2. (obsolete) symbol
    Synonym: symbol
  3. (obsolete) emblem
    Synonym: arwyddlun

References

edit
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sin”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Further reading

edit
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sin”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Frisian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Frisian sinn, from Proto-West Germanic *sinn.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin c (plural sinnen, diminutive sintsje)

  1. sentence (syntactic unit containing a subject and a predicate)
  2. sense (means of experiencing the external world)
  3. meaning, sense, significance

Further reading

edit
  • “sin”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Noun

edit

sin n (plural sinnen, diminutive sintsje)

  1. mood
  2. opinion, view

Further reading

edit
  • “sin”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Yoruba

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sìn

  1. (transitive) to worship a deity; to revere
  2. (transitive) to serve
Usage notes
edit
  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
edit
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sìn

  1. (transitive) to domesticate an animal or plant
Usage notes
edit
  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 3

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sìn

  1. (transitive) to give a girl away in marriage
Usage notes
edit
  • sin before a direct object

Etymology 4

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sìn

  1. (transitive) to accompany or escort someone; to keep company of someone; to guide
Usage notes
edit
  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 5

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sìn

  1. (transitive) to serve, to work for someone
Usage notes
edit
  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 6

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sìn

  1. (transitive) to demand something from someone to recover it
Usage notes
edit
  • sin before a direct object
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 7

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sin

  1. (transitive) to bury in soil
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 8

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sin

  1. (transitive) to lie hidden, to remain secret
    ọ̀rọ̀ náà sin ― the matter remains secret

Etymology 9

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sín

  1. (transitive, usually with gbẹ́rẹ́) to incise the body (usually in the process of traditional rituals)
    Synonym: síngbẹ́rẹ́
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 10

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sín

  1. (intransitive) to sneeze
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 11

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sín

  1. (intransitive) to string or piece things together
    Synonym: sò
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 12

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

sín

  1. (intransitive) to crack a nut (to reach the inner seed or kernel)
Derived terms
edit

Zhuang

edit

Etymology

edit

From Chinese 辛 (MC sin).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

sin (Sawndip form 辛, 1957–1982 spelling sin)

  1. the eighth of the ten heavenly stems

See also

edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sin&oldid=82560938"