gem

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See also: gém, gêm, Gem, and GEM

Translingual

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Symbol

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gem

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Germanic languages.

English

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 gemstone on Wikipedia

Etymology

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Inherited from Middle English gemme, gimme, yimme, ȝimme, from Old English ġimm, from Proto-West Germanic *gimmu (“gem”) and Old French gemme (“gem”), both from Latin gemma (“a swelling bud; jewel, gem”). Doublet of gemma and Gemma.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gem (countable and uncountable, plural gems)

  2. A precious stone, usually of substantial monetary value or prized for its beauty or shine.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 144:
      And on her head she wore a tyre of gold,
      Adornd with gemmes and owches wondrous fayre,
      Whose passing price vneath was to be told;
    • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:
      Of six preceding ancestors, that gem,
      Conferr’d by testament to the sequent issue,
      Hath it been owed and worn. This is his wife;
      That ring’s a thousand proofs.
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 647-649:
      […] then silent Night
      With this her solemn Bird and this fair Moon,
      And these the Gemms of Heav’n, her starrie train:
    • 2012 March, Lee A. Groat, “Gemstones”, in American Scientist‎[1], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 14 June 2012, page 128:
      Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade.
  3. (figuratively) Any precious or highly valued thing or person.
    She's an absolute gem.
    • 2017 January 20, Annie Zaleski, “AFI sounds refreshed and rejuvenated on its 10th album, AFI (The Blood Album)”, in The Onion AV Club‎[2]:
      Standout “Hidden Knives” is the kind of new wave-leaning punk gem John Hughes would’ve loved, while “So Beneath You” is a teeth-baring, roiling tune.
  4. Anything of small size, or expressed within brief limits, which is regarded as a gem on account of its beauty or value, such as a small picture, a verse of poetry, or an epigram.
    a gem of wit
  5. (obsolete) A gemma or leaf-bud.
    • c. 1668, John Denham (translator), Of Old Age by Cato the Elder, Part 3, in Poems and Translations, with The Sophy, London: H. Herringman, 4th edition, 1773, p. 35,[3]
      Then from the Joynts of thy prolifick Stemm
      A swelling Knot is raised (call’d a Gemm)
    • a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:
      Among the crooked Lanes, on every Hedge, / The Glow-Worm lights his Gem […] .
    • 1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica” in Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, p. xcii,[4]
      In about twelve days the sprouts from the gems of the planted cane are seen […]
  6. A geometrid moth of the species Orthonama obstipata.
  7. (computing) A package containing programs or libraries for the Ruby programming language.
  8. (uncountable, printing, uncommon, obsolete) A size of type between brilliant (4-point) and diamond (4½-point), running 222 lines to the foot.
  9. (Internet slang, 4chan) Internet content of good quality.
    Antonyms: coal, brimstone

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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Verb

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gem (third-person singular simple present gems, present participle gemming, simple past and past participle gemmed)

  1. (transitive) To adorn with, or as if with, gems.
    • 1813, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Canto I”, in Queen Mab; […], London: […] P. B. Shelley, […], →OCLC, page 6:
      [T]he fair star / That gems the glittering coronet of morn, / Sheds not a light so mild, so powerful, / As that which, bursting from the Fairy's form, / Spread a purpureal halo round the scene, / Yet with an undulating motion, / Swayed to her outline gracefully.
    • 1827, Various, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 10,‎[5]:
      A few bright and beautiful stars gemmed the wide concave of heaven […] .
    • 1872, J. Fenimore Cooper, The Bravo‎[6]:
      Above was the firmament, gemmed with worlds, and sublime in immensity.
    • 1920, John Freeman, Poems New and Old‎[7]:
      The rain Shook from fruit bushes in new showers again As I brushed past, and gemmed the window pane.
    • 1922 February, Miriam Campbell, “A Dream of Brittany”, in The Educational Times: A Review of Ideas and Methods, volume IV (new series)/LXXIV (old series), page 64, column 1:
      And those salt tears your lashes gemmed / Were but the breath of flame distilled; / Flame white and pure, and diademmed / With suffering,—pain with joy fulfilled.

Synonyms

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References

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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Together with gemb, a phonetic variant of gjemb.[1]

Noun

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gem m

  1. branch

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “gem”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 112

Cimbrian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German geben, from Old High German geban, from Proto-West Germanic *geban, from Proto-Germanic *gebaną.

Cognate with German geben, Dutch geven, obsolete English yive, Icelandic gefa.

Verb

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gem (strong class 5 , auxiliary håm)

  1. (Luserna) to give

References

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Danish

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Verb

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gem

  1. imperative of gemme

Meriam

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Noun

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gem

  1. body

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Borrowed from English game, from Middle English game, gamen, gammen, from Old English gamen (“sport, joy, mirth, pastime, game, amusement, pleasure”), from Proto-West Germanic *gaman, from Proto-Germanic *gamaną (“amusement, pleasure, game”), from *ga- (collective prefix) + *mann- (“man”); or alternatively from *ga- + a root from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to think, have in mind”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gem m inan

  1. (tennis) game (part of a set)

Declension

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Declension of gem
singular plural
nominative gem gemy
genitive gema gemów
dative gemowi gemom
accusative gem gemy
instrumental gemem gemami
locative gemie gemach
vocative gemie gemy

Further reading

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  • gem in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • gem in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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gem

Etymology 1

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From English jam.

Noun

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gem n (plural gemuri)

  1. jam (sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar)
Declension
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singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative gem gemul gemuri gemurile
genitive-dative gem gemului gemuri gemurilor
vocative gemule gemurilor

Etymology 2

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Verb

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gem

  1. inflection of geme:
    1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. third-person plural present indicative

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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The paper clip's most common design was originally thought to be made by The Gem Manufacturing Company in Britain in the 1870s.[1] More at paper clip.

Noun

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gem n

  1. a paper clip
Declension
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Declension of gem
nominative genitive
singular indefinite gem gems
definite gemet gemets
plural indefinite gem gems
definite gemen gemens

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English game.

Noun

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gem n

  1. Alternative spelling of game

References

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  1. ^ Petroski, Henry: "Polishing the Gem: A First-Year Design Project", Journal of Engineering Education, October 1998, p. 445

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish كم (gem, “bit”), from Greek κημός (kimós, “muzzle; nosebag”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɡem/
  • Hyphenation: gem

Noun

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gem (definite accusative gemi, plural gemler)

  1. rein

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative gem
Definite accusative gemi
Singular Plural
Nominative gem gemler
Definite accusative gemi gemleri
Dative geme gemlere
Locative gemde gemlerde
Ablative gemden gemlerden
Genitive gemin gemlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular gemim gemlerim
2nd singular gemin gemlerin
3rd singular gemi gemleri
1st plural gemimiz gemlerimiz
2nd plural geminiz gemleriniz
3rd plural gemleri gemleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular gemimi gemlerimi
2nd singular gemini gemlerini
3rd singular gemini gemlerini
1st plural gemimizi gemlerimizi
2nd plural geminizi gemlerinizi
3rd plural gemlerini gemlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular gemime gemlerime
2nd singular gemine gemlerine
3rd singular gemine gemlerine
1st plural gemimize gemlerimize
2nd plural geminize gemlerinize
3rd plural gemlerine gemlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular gemimde gemlerimde
2nd singular geminde gemlerinde
3rd singular geminde gemlerinde
1st plural gemimizde gemlerimizde
2nd plural geminizde gemlerinizde
3rd plural gemlerinde gemlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular gemimden gemlerimden
2nd singular geminden gemlerinden
3rd singular geminden gemlerinden
1st plural gemimizden gemlerimizden
2nd plural geminizden gemlerinizden
3rd plural gemlerinden gemlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular gemimin gemlerimin
2nd singular geminin gemlerinin
3rd singular geminin gemlerinin
1st plural gemimizin gemlerimizin
2nd plural geminizin gemlerinizin
3rd plural gemlerinin gemlerinin
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular gemim gemlerim
2nd singular gemsin gemlersin
3rd singular gem
gemdir 		gemler
gemlerdir
1st plural gemiz gemleriz
2nd plural gemsiniz gemlersiniz
3rd plural gemler gemlerdir

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Volapük

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Etymology

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Perhaps borrowed from French germain.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gem (nominative plural gems)

  1. sibling
    • 1949, “Lifajenäd brefik cifala: ‚Jakob Sprenger‛”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, issue 4, 13-14:
      ‚Jakob‛ äbinom cil mälid se gems vel: blods lul e sörs tel.
      Jakob was the sixth child out of seven siblings: five brothers and two sisters.

Declension

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declension of gem
singular plural
nominative gem gems
genitive gema gemas
dative geme gemes
accusative gemi gemis
vocative 1 o gem! o gems!
predicative 2 gemu gemus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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  • (collective) gemef (“brother(s) and/or sister(s)”)
  • (adjective) gemik (“sibling”)

Welsh

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Etymology

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From Latin gemma.

Noun

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gem m or f (plural gemau, diminutive gemyn or gemen)

  1. gem, jewel

Derived terms

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  • gemog (“bejewelled”, adjective)
  • gemoleg f (“gemology”)

Mutation

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Mutated forms of gem
radical soft nasal aspirate
gem em ngem unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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