Ejercicios Resueltos, Matrices
Ejercicios Resueltos, Matrices
Ejercicios Resueltos, Matrices
a XA = B + I
b AX + B = C
c XA + B = 2C
d AX + BX = C
e XAB − XC = 2C
Sol.
a XA = B + I
Si XA = B + I, entonces
X = (B + I)A−1
Adj(AT )
A−1 = (1)
det(A)
1
Sustituyendo en (1),
4 −1
−3
−1 1 4 −1
A = =
1 −3 1
Por lo tanto,
2 1 1 0 4 −1
X = (B + I)A−1 = + ·
1 1 0 1 −3 1
3 1 4 −1 9 −2
= · =
1 2 −3 1 −2 1
9 −2
X=
−2 1
b AX + B = C
Si AX + B = C, entonces
X = A−1 (C − B)
Sustituyendo,
4 −1 1 2 2 1 4 −1 −1 1 −4 2
X= · − − = · =
−3 1 1 3 1 1 −3 1 0 2 3 −1
−4 2
X=
3 −1
c XA + B = 2C
Si XA + B = 2C, entonces
X = (2C − B)A−1
Sustituyendo,
1 2 2 1 4 −1 2 4 2 1 4 −1
X = 2· − · = − ·
1 3 1 1 −3 1 2 6 1 1 −3 1
0 3 4 −1 −9 3
= · =
1 5 −3 1 −11 4
−9 3
X=
−11 4
2
d AX + BX = C
Si AX + BX = C, entonces
(A + B)X = C
X = (A + B)−1 C
Sustituyendo en (1),
5 −4
−2
−1 3 5/7 −2/7
(A + B) = =
7 −4/7 3/7
Luego,
5/7 −2/7 1 2 3/7 −4/7
X = (A + B)−1 C = · =
−4/7 3/7 1 3 −1/7 1/7
3/7 −4/7
X=
−1/7 1/7
e XAB − XC = 2C
Si XAB − XC = 2C, entonces
X(AB − C) = 2C
X = 2C(AB − C)−1
" T #
T
1 1 2 1 1 2
Adj (AB − C) = Adj · −
3 4 1 1 1 3
" T # " T #
3 2 1 2 2 0
= Adj − = Adj
10 7 1 3 9 4
2 9 4 0
= Adj =
0 4 −9 2
3
2 0
det(AB − C) = det =2·4−9·0=8−0=8
9 4
Sustituyendo en (1),
4 0
−9 2
1/2 0
−1
(AB − C) = =
8 −9/8 1/4
Luego,
1 2 1/2 0 2 4 1/2 0 −7/2 1
X = 2C(AB−C)−1 = 2· · 9 = · 9 =
1 3 − /8 1/4 2 6 − /8 1/4 −23/4 3/2
−7/2 1
X=
−23/4 3/2
AX = 3C − 2B
4
Calculando 3C − 2B,
1 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 2 2 3 −2 −2
3C−2B = 3·0 1 0−2·1 0 0 = 0 3 0−2 0 0 = −2 3 0
1 0 1 0 0 1 3 0 3 0 0 2 3 0 1
Por lo tanto,
1 0 0 3 −2 −2 3 −2 −2
X = A−1 (3C − 2B) = −1 1 0 · −2 3 0 = −5 5 2
0 −1 1 3 0 1 5 −3 1
3 −2 −2
X = −5 5 2
5 −3 1