JL - Hernandez,+56705 162215 1 CE
JL - Hernandez,+56705 162215 1 CE
JL - Hernandez,+56705 162215 1 CE
Resumen
Abstract
The objective of this research is to analyze the demographic crises suffered by the
people of Iztapalapa in the period of 1760-1810 and relate sociocultural and eco-
logical variables from a demographic anthropology approach. For this study were
used as sources of quantitative information, the headings of baptisms and deaths
registration of the Parish Church of St. Luke, which served as the head of this com-
munity. Demographic crises are important indicators in understanding the dynamics
of past populations, and that impacted the amount, distribution, composition and
growth. In colonial times in Mexico, epidemics were the main causes of these crises
and their impact was different in ancient populations not only for its infectious
process, but by its relationship to the social processes and economic structures,
the applicability of knowledge about disease prevention and care in everyday life, the
conditions of social inequality and the ecology of the place and the time of year
they were presented, but it is very difficult to identify all the health-disease process of
past society through written sources. However, from my own analysis and using the
historical reference of what happened in the Valley of Mexico in the late Eighteenth
Century, in Iztapalapa were identified only the following epidemics: matlazáhuatl
(1761-1762), measles (1768), famine (1783-1785) and smallpox (1779 and 1797),
although for the early Nineteenth Century, it was not possible to accurately detect
outbreaks. The impact of this crisis affected the slow natural population growth
mainly by the late Eighteenth Century and could only be identified outbreaks and
their effect on the composition and structure of the population.
Introducción
Mortalidad y su estudio
Frecuencias
300
Viruela
(1779)
250
Matlazáhuatl
(1762)
200
Sarampión
(1768) Viruela
Hambruna
150 (1784)
100
50
%
100
90
Matlazáhuatl 1762 Sarampíon 1768
80 Viruela 1779 Hambruna 1784
Viruela 1797
70
60.9%
60
51.5% 46.6%
50
37.8%
40
30 27.1%
20
10
0
DIC ENE FEB MAR ABR MAY JUN JUL AGO SEP OCT NOV
Figura 3. Distribución porcentual por mes de las defunciones en cada crisis demográfica
(1762-1797). Parroquia de San Lucas, Iztapalapa.
% Adultos Párvulos
100
90 16.1%
30.0 % 32.6 %
80 36.4 %
70 55.4%
60
50
40 83.9%
70.0 % 67.4%
30 63.6 %
20 44.6 %
10
0
Matlazáhuatl 1762 Sarampión 1768 Viruela 1779 Hambruna 1784 Viruela 1797
Figura 4. Distribución porcentual de las defunciones por tipo de población para cada
crisis. Parroquia de San Lucas, Iztapalapa.
PRESENCIA DE EPIDEMIAS EN EL PUEBLO DE IZTAPALAPA (1760-1810) 407
100
50
0
1776
1782
1802
1808
1760
1762
1764
1766
1768
1770
1772
1774
1778
1780
1784
1786
1788
1790
1792
1794
1796
1798
1800
1804
1806
1810
-50
-100
-150
-200
Conclusiones
Referencias
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