…dule (GH-133018)

* Introduces `compression` package for https://peps.python.org/pep-0784/

This commit introduces the `compression` package, specified in PEP 784
to re-export the `lzma`, `bz2`, `gzip`, and `zlib` modules. Introduction
of `compression.zstd` will be completed in a future commit once the
`_zstd` module is merged.

This commit also moves the `_compression` private module to
`compression._common._streams`.

* Re-exports existing module docstrings.

Include compression package contents as part of installs.

Add an __init__ file. Fix test_tools.test_freeze.

Add an "__init__.py" file. Fix test_tools.test_freeze.

* Add _zstd module for https://peps.python.org/pep-0784/

This commit introduces the `_zstd` module, with bindings to libzstd from
the pyzstd project. It also includes the unix build system configuration.
Windows build system support will be integrated independently as it
depends on integration with cpython-source-deps.

* Add _zstd to modules

* Fix path for compression.zstd module

* Ignore _zstd module like _io

* Expand module state macros to improve code quality

Also removes module state references from the classes in the _zstd
module and instead uses PyType_GetModuleState()

* Remove backticks suggested in review

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>

* Use critical sections to lock object state

This should avoid races and deadlocks.

* Remove compress/decompress and mark module as not reliant on the GIL

The `compress`/`decompress` functions will be moved to Python code for simplicity.
C implementations can always be re-added in the future.

Also, mark _zstd as not requiring the GIL.

* Lift critical section to avoid clang warning

* Respond to comments by picnixz

* Call out pyzstd explicitly in license description

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

* Use a much more robust implementation...

... for `get_zstd_state_from_type`

Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>

* Use PyList_GetItemRef for thread safety purposes

* Use a macro for the minimum supported version

* remove const from primivite types

* Use PyMem_New in another spot

* Simplify error handling in _get_frame_size

* Another simplification of error handling in get_frame_info

* Rename _module_state to mod_state

* Rewrite comment explaining the context of the code

* Add link to pyzstd

* Add TODO about refactoring dict training code

* Use PyModule_AddObjectRef over PyModule_AddObject

PyModule_AddObject is soft-deprecated, so we should use PyModule_AddObjectRef

* Check result of OutputBufferGrow

* Simplify return logic in `add_constant_to_type`

Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>

* Ignore return value of _zstd_clear()

Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>

* Remove redundant comments

* Remove __reduce__ from ZstdDict

We should instead document that to pickle a dictionary a user should use
the `.dict_content` attribute.

* Use PyUnicode_FromFormat instead of a buffer

* Don't use C constants/types in error messages

* Make error messages easier to understand for Python users

* Lower minimum required version 1.4.0

* Use casts and make slot function signatures correct

* Be consistent with CPython on const usage

* Make else clauses in line with PEP 7

* Fix over-indented blocks in argument clinic

* Add critical section around ZSTD_DCtx_setParameter

* Add a TODO about refactoring critical sections

* Use Py_UNREACHABLE

* Move bytes operations out of Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS

* Add TODO about ensuring a lock is held

* Remove asserts that may not be correct

* Add TODO to make ZstdDict and others GC objects

* Make objects GC tracked

* Remove unused include

* Fix some memory issues

* Fix refleaks on module and in ZstdDict

* Update configure to check for ZDICT_finalizeDictionary

* Properly check version in configure

* exit(1) if check fails

* Use AC_RUN_IFELSE

* Use a define() to re-use version check

* Actually properly set _zstd module status based on version

---------

Co-authored-by: Stan Ulbrych <89152624+StanFromIreland@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com>

* origin/main: (111 commits)
  pythongh-91048: Add filename and line number to external inspection routines (pythonGH-133385)
  pythongh-131178: Add tests for `ast` command-line interface (python#133329)
  Regenerate pcbuild.sln in Visual Studio 2022 (python#133394)
  pythongh-133042: disable HACL* HMAC on Emscripten (python#133064)
  pythongh-133351: Fix remote PDB's multi-line block tab completion (python#133387)
  pythongh-109700: Improve stress tests for interpreter creation (pythonGH-109946)
  pythongh-81793: Skip tests for os.link() to symlink on Android (pythonGH-133388)
  pythongh-126835: Rename `ast_opt.c` to `ast_preprocess.c` and related stuff after moving const folding to the peephole optimizier (python#131830)
  pythongh-91048: Relax test_async_global_awaited_by to fix flakyness (python#133368)
  pythongh-132457: make staticmethod and classmethod generic (python#132460)
  pythongh-132805: annotationlib: Fix handling of non-constant values in FORWARDREF (python#132812)
  pythongh-132426: Add get_annotate_from_class_namespace replacing get_annotate_function (python#132490)
  pythongh-81793: Always call linkat() from os.link(), if available (pythonGH-132517)
  pythongh-122559: Synchronize C and Python implementation of the io module about pickling (pythonGH-122628)
  pythongh-69605: Add PyREPL import autocomplete feature to 'What's New' (python#133358)
  bpo-44172: Keep reference to original window in curses subwindow objects (pythonGH-26226)
  pythonGH-133231: Changes to executor management to support proposed `sys._jit` module (pythonGH-133287)
  pythongh-133363: Fix Cmd completion for lines beginning with `! ` (python#133364)
  pythongh-132983: Introduce `_zstd` bindings module (pythonGH-133027)
  pythonGH-91048: Add utils for printing the call stack for asyncio tasks (python#133284)
  ...

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Gregory P. Smith <greg@krypto.org>
Co-authored-by: Tomas R. <tomas.roun8@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Rogdham <contact@rogdham.net>

…-133785)

(cherry picked from commit 98e2c3a)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

…) (#133788)

GH-132983: remove empty_bytes from _zstd module state (GH-133785)
(cherry picked from commit 98e2c3a)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

…-133791)

(cherry picked from commit 1978904)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

…) (#133792)

GH-132983: PEP 7 and Argument Clinic changes for zstd (GH-133791)
(cherry picked from commit 1978904)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

(cherry picked from commit 50b5370)

Co-authored-by: Rogdham <3994389+Rogdham@users.noreply.github.com>

…133799)

gh-132983: Don't allow trailer data in ZstdFile (GH-133736)
(cherry picked from commit 50b5370)

Co-authored-by: Rogdham <3994389+Rogdham@users.noreply.github.com>

(cherry picked from commit 1a548c0)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

…133854)

gh-132983: Reduce the size of ``_zstdmodule.h`` (GH-133793)
(cherry picked from commit 1a548c0)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

(cherry picked from commit 1a87b6e)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

gh-132983: Make zstd types immutable (GH-133784)
(cherry picked from commit 1a87b6e)

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

…nGH-133856)

(cherry picked from commit 878e0fb)

Co-authored-by: Rogdham <3994389+Rogdham@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>

…33856) (#133859)

gh-132983: Remove leftovers from EndlessZstdDecompressor (GH-133856)
(cherry picked from commit 878e0fb)

Co-authored-by: Rogdham <3994389+Rogdham@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Peter Bierma <zintensitydev@gmail.com>