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Shayarwa

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Shayarwa
Abinci mai gina jiki
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na infant feeding (en) Fassara da lactation (en) Fassara
Facet of (en) Fassara women's health (en) Fassara
Karatun ta lactation science (en) Fassara
Gudanarwan wet nurse (en) Fassara
Uses (en) Fassara lactation room (en) Fassara
WordLift URL (en) Fassara http://data.medicalrecords.com/medicalrecords/healthwise/breastfeeding
NCI Thesaurus ID (en) Fassara C25596
Shayarwa
Jariri mai shayarwa
Takaitacciyar labarin bidiyo tare da rubutun

Shayarwa da aka fi sani da reno, ita ce ciyar da jarirai da yara kanana da nonon mace.[1] Masana kiwon lafiya sun ba da shawarar cewa a fara shayarwa a cikin sa'a ta farko ta rayuwar jariri kuma a ci gaba da kasancewa akai-akai kuma gwargwadon yadda jariri yake so.[2][3] A cikin 'yan makonnin farko na rayuwar jarirai na iya shayar da kusan kowane sa'o'i biyu zuwa uku, kuma tsawon lokacin ciyarwa yawanci mintuna goma zuwa goma sha biyar ne akan kowane nono.[4] Manya yara suna ciyar da ƙasa sau da yawa.[5] Iyaye mata za su iya zubar da madara don a iya amfani da shi daga baya lokacin da ba zai yiwu ba.[1] Shayar da nono tana da fa'idodi da yawa ga uwa da jariri, wanda kuma ba shi da kayan abinci na jarirai.[3][6]

Ana iya hana mutuwar kimanin yara 820,000 'yan kasa da shekaru biyar a duniya a kowace shekara tare da karuwar shayarwa.[7] Shayar da nono na rage hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi da gudawa ga jarirai, a kasashe masu tasowa da kasashen da suka ci gaba.[2][3] Sauran fa'idodin sun hada da kananan hadarin asma, rashin lafiyar abinci, da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1.[3] Hakanan shayarwa na iya haɓaka fahimi kuma yana rage hadarin kiba yayin balaga.[2] Iyaye mata na iya jin matsin lamba don shayar da nono, amma a duniya masu tasowa yara gaba daya suna girma kamar yadda aka saba idan aka shayar da kwalba.[8]

Fa'idodin ga uwa sun hada da karancin zubar jini bayan haihuwa, mafi kyawun kwayar mahaifa, da raguwar bakin ciki bayan haihuwa.[3] Shayar da nono yana jinkirta dawowar haila da haihuwa, al'amarin da aka sani da amenorrhea na lactational.[3] Amfanin dogon lokaci ga uwa sun haɗa da raguwar haɗarin cutar kansar nono, cututtukan zuciya, da rheumatoid amosanin gabbai.[3][7] Hakanan shayarwa ba ta da tsada fiye da kayan abinci na jarirai.[9][10]

Gungiyoyin lafiya, ciki har da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), sun ba da shawarar shayar da nono kawai na tsawon watanni shida.[2][3][11] Wannan yana nufin cewa babu wani abinci ko abin sha, banda yuwuwar bitamin D, da ake bayarwa.[12] Bayan gabatar da abinci a cikin watanni shida, shawarwarin sun haɗa da ci gaba da shayarwa har zuwa shekara ɗaya zuwa biyu ko fiye.[2][3] A duniya, kusan kashi 38% na jarirai ana shayar da su nono ne kawai a cikin watanni shida na farkon rayuwarsu..[2] A Amurka a cikin shekarar 2015, 83% na mata sun fara shayarwa, amma a cikin watanni 6 kawai 58% har yanzu suna shayarwa tare da 25% na shayarwa kawai.[13] Yanayin kiwon lafiya da ba sa ba da izinin shayarwa ba kasafai ba ne..[3] Uwayen da suke shan wasu magunguna na nishadi kada su shayar da nono.[14][15] Shan taba da kuma cinye ƙayyadaddun barasa da/ko kofi ba dalilai ba ne na guje wa shayarwa.[16][17][18]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Breastfeeding and Breast Milk: Condition Information". 19 December 2013. Archived from the original on 27 July 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Infant and young child feeding Fact sheet N°342". WHO. February 2014. Archived from the original on 8 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding. (March 2012). "Breastfeeding and the use of human milk". Pediatrics. 129 (3): e827–41. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-3552. PMID 22371471. Archived from the original on 5 August 2015.
  4. ↑ "How do I breastfeed? Skip sharing on social media links". 14 April 2014. Archived from the original on 27 July 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  5. ↑ "What is weaning and how do I do it?". 19 December 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  6. ↑ Ip S, Chung M, Raman G, Trikalinos TA, Lau J (October 2009). "A summary of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's evidence report on breastfeeding in developed countries". Breastfeeding Medicine. 4 Suppl 1: S17–30. doi:10.1089/bfm.2009.0050. PMID 19827919.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJ, França GV, Horton S, Krasevec J, Murch S, Sankar MJ, Walker N, Rollins NC (January 2016). "Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect". Lancet. 387 (10017): 475–90. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)01024-7. PMID 26869575.
  8. ↑ Lawrence, Ruth A.; Lawrence, Robert Michael (1 January 2011). Breastfeeding: A Guide for the Medical Profession. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 227–228. ISBN 978-1-4377-0788-5.
  9. ↑ "Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. American Academy of Pediatrics. Work Group on Breastfeeding". Pediatrics. 100 (6): 1035–9. December 1997. doi:10.1542/peds.100.6.1035. PMID 9411381. Archived from the original on 23 October 2012.
  10. ↑ "What are the benefits of breastfeeding?". 14 April 2014. Archived from the original on 10 August 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  11. ↑ Kramer MS, Kakuma R (August 2012). "Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 8 (8): CD003517. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003517.pub2. PMC 7154583. PMID 22895934.
  12. ↑ "What are the recommendations for breastfeeding?". 14 April 2014. Archived from the original on 14 August 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  13. ↑ "Results: Breastfeeding Rates". CDC (in Turanci). 1 August 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
  14. ↑ "Breastfeeding and Medication". AAP.org (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2019-08-02. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  15. ↑ "Are there any special conditions or situations in which I should not breastfeed?". NICHD. 19 December 2013. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  16. ↑ "Breastfeeding and alcohol". NHS Choices. NHS. 21 December 2017. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016.
  17. ↑ "Breastfeeding and diet". NHS Choices. NHS. 26 March 2018. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016.
  18. ↑ "Tobacco Use | Breastfeeding | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 21 March 2018. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
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