The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly had a significant influence on the translating and interpreting... more The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly had a significant influence on the translating and interpreting industry. Even while certain tendencies are now apparent, it will take some time to fully understand how profound and transformative the years of pandemic measures and social isolation were. This paper summarises findings from two surveys conducted among translators and interpreters in Slovakia. The first was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic and focused on the immediate economic and psychological implications of the first lockdown measures on the translation community. Apart from measuring the changes in demand for services, the share of cancelled assignments and general mood among professionals, we have also enquired about the demand for remote interpreting. The proportion of those who encountered offers for remote interpreting nearly doubled in the six weeks after the introduction of the first lockdown measures in Slovakia (an increase from 18.75% to 39.69%). The second source of data is a survey of rates which already captures how much remote interpreting penetrated the structure of interpreting service one year after the onset of the pandemic. Based on our findings, the average number of remote interpreting days in 2021 was 67.53% of the total number of interpreting days. This rapid onset of remote interpreting recovered demand for interpreting services as the volume of work began to catch up with pre-pandemic levels, but also brought a greater psychological burden and stress resulting from the different nature of remote interpretation.
Translation and interpreting training in Slovakia, 2021
This book attempts to take stock of the current state and starting points of translation studies ... more This book attempts to take stock of the current state and starting points of translation studies at Slovak universities. We would also like to indicate the trajectories of the future direction of translation and interpreting programmes.
This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945... more This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945), focussing on fiction translation and examining the rapid changes taking place in the period under consideration. The history of translation is a very complex phenomenon, and in order to reconstruct a comprehensive image of the period we make use of the concepts of patronage (Lefevere) and polysystem (Even-Zohar). We show that publishing policy and type of patronage (differentiated or undifferentiated) are closely related, and that both periphery and centre of the polysystem need to be studied.
Násilie a neľudskosť ruskej vojny na Ukrajine definitívne ukončili falošný pocit bezpečia, ktorý ... more Násilie a neľudskosť ruskej vojny na Ukrajine definitívne ukončili falošný pocit bezpečia, ktorý Európa zažívala od juhoslovanských vojen. Udržiavanie priateľského dialógu s ľuďmi na celom svete je teraz dôležitejšie ako kedykoľvek predtým, aby sa zabránilo ďalším tragédiám. Preklad vo všetkých jeho podobách je kľúčový pre sprostredkovanie vzájomného porozumenia, ktoré je nevyhnutné, ak chceme ďalším generáciám odovzdať planétu v obývateľnom stave. Okrem iných disciplín sa práve translatológia čoraz aktívnejšie zaoberá najzložitejšími problémami našej planéty. Odkedy sú informačné toky priamo závislé od polohy na geopolitickej mape a podliehajú trhovým pravidlám, mnohé dôležité štúdiá uskutočňované mimo hlavných centier zostávajú napriek významným výsledkom a motivácii vedeckej obce v medzinárodnej akademickej sfére neznáme. Vďaka vedeckým osobnostiam, ktoré prispeli do tejto kolektívnej publikácie, sa translatológia na Ukrajine a excelentný výskum, ktorý sa na jej univerzitách real...
Introduction. The aim of this first research in the Slovak-English language pair, is to establish... more Introduction. The aim of this first research in the Slovak-English language pair, is to establish the impact of the source-text (ST) syntactic structure on the target-text (TT) quality and its delivery in sight translation (SiT), as well as to identify the problems the interpreter students have in it, and the strategies they apply to solve them. Procedure. The participants, six Slovak graduate university students, sight-translated a non-specialized 250-word text from Slovak into English. The ST structure was deliberately changed in the way that, while remaining within the source-language norms, it considerably differed from the structure of the normative version of its English translation. If the structure of a specific student's TT was close to that of the ST, it was considered an evidence of the surface-oriented strategy (SurfOS), while the ST structure transformation was viewed as an indication of a sense-oriented strategy (SensOS). Results. The syntactic similarity in the tw...
Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation, 2021
Using the results of two surveys conducted by the present authors, this paper examines translator... more Using the results of two surveys conducted by the present authors, this paper examines translators’ and interpreters’ behaviour in the translation market and factors that influence it in (Slovak) society. In keeping with the familiar fact that not all translators are alike, we believe that empirically measurable factors enable us to observe behavioural patterns among translators and interpreters that are distinguishable along an axis of specialisation and an axis of professionalisation. The authors conducted two separate surveys involving 550 translators and interpreters – including literary translators, court translators and interpreters, translators of technical texts, audiovisual translators, institutional interpreters, and freelance translators – who worked across Slovakia’s market spectrum. In the analysis of the survey results, we found that, among other things, the level of professionalisation played a crucial role in translators’ decision-making processes within the broader ...
FORUM. Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation, Dec 31, 2021
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The unprecedented spread of English a... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The unprecedented spread of English and its growing dominance in the translation and interpreting industry have implications on the market behaviour of translators and interpreters depending on the combination of their working languages. This paper investigates the extent to which market signals (e.g. average rates and workloads) can be reflected in the motivation of students to enter the translation profession in respect to the combination of their working languages and the inclusion of English within that combination. Two surveys were used to obtain data for our analysis: one focused on the market behaviour of professional translators, whereas the other assessed the plans and motivations of T&amp;I students at the end of their studies. Respondents in both surveys were divided according to the role of English in their language combination. As this paper demonstrates, professionals working only with English (or with English and at least one other foreign language) had a better position in the market in terms of overall workload. These groups of professionals also had a more positive outlook in terms of demand for their services. On the contrary, professionals working with languages other than English had a lower workload and a more pessimistic outlook in terms of demand for their services. As our data suggest, students in the same category of working language combinations (without English) were more hesitant to pursue a career in the industry. Our findings underline a degree of sensitivity among students to market signals depending on the combination of their working languages. Importantly, they present relevant information for T&amp;I programme administrators and university management when designing curricula and planning future study programmes.</jats:p>
This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945... more This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945), focussing on fiction translation and examining the rapid changes taking place in the period under consideration. The history of translation is a very complex phenomenon, and in order to reconstruct a comprehensive image of the period we make use of the concepts of patronage (Lefevere) and polysystem (Even-Zohar). We show that publishing policy and type of patronage (differentiated or undifferentiated) are closely related, and that both periphery and centre of the polysystem need to be studied.
The paper deals with interrelation of dominant ideology and its influence on the translation and ... more The paper deals with interrelation of dominant ideology and its influence on the translation and publishing policy as reflected on the example of Slovakia. The introductory part is devoted to theoretical framework for the research drawing upon the works of Slovak and foreign translation scholars. The analytical part is contrastive; it presents publishing tendencies in selected dominant vs dependent cultures within the periods of opposing ideologies (socialistic vs democratic regimes). It clearly shows the shift of paradigm and the place of “small cultures ” in the intercultural dialogue/monologue.
The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly had a significant influence on the translating and interpreting... more The COVID-19 pandemic undoubtedly had a significant influence on the translating and interpreting industry. Even while certain tendencies are now apparent, it will take some time to fully understand how profound and transformative the years of pandemic measures and social isolation were. This paper summarises findings from two surveys conducted among translators and interpreters in Slovakia. The first was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic and focused on the immediate economic and psychological implications of the first lockdown measures on the translation community. Apart from measuring the changes in demand for services, the share of cancelled assignments and general mood among professionals, we have also enquired about the demand for remote interpreting. The proportion of those who encountered offers for remote interpreting nearly doubled in the six weeks after the introduction of the first lockdown measures in Slovakia (an increase from 18.75% to 39.69%). The second source of data is a survey of rates which already captures how much remote interpreting penetrated the structure of interpreting service one year after the onset of the pandemic. Based on our findings, the average number of remote interpreting days in 2021 was 67.53% of the total number of interpreting days. This rapid onset of remote interpreting recovered demand for interpreting services as the volume of work began to catch up with pre-pandemic levels, but also brought a greater psychological burden and stress resulting from the different nature of remote interpretation.
Translation and interpreting training in Slovakia, 2021
This book attempts to take stock of the current state and starting points of translation studies ... more This book attempts to take stock of the current state and starting points of translation studies at Slovak universities. We would also like to indicate the trajectories of the future direction of translation and interpreting programmes.
This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945... more This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945), focussing on fiction translation and examining the rapid changes taking place in the period under consideration. The history of translation is a very complex phenomenon, and in order to reconstruct a comprehensive image of the period we make use of the concepts of patronage (Lefevere) and polysystem (Even-Zohar). We show that publishing policy and type of patronage (differentiated or undifferentiated) are closely related, and that both periphery and centre of the polysystem need to be studied.
Násilie a neľudskosť ruskej vojny na Ukrajine definitívne ukončili falošný pocit bezpečia, ktorý ... more Násilie a neľudskosť ruskej vojny na Ukrajine definitívne ukončili falošný pocit bezpečia, ktorý Európa zažívala od juhoslovanských vojen. Udržiavanie priateľského dialógu s ľuďmi na celom svete je teraz dôležitejšie ako kedykoľvek predtým, aby sa zabránilo ďalším tragédiám. Preklad vo všetkých jeho podobách je kľúčový pre sprostredkovanie vzájomného porozumenia, ktoré je nevyhnutné, ak chceme ďalším generáciám odovzdať planétu v obývateľnom stave. Okrem iných disciplín sa práve translatológia čoraz aktívnejšie zaoberá najzložitejšími problémami našej planéty. Odkedy sú informačné toky priamo závislé od polohy na geopolitickej mape a podliehajú trhovým pravidlám, mnohé dôležité štúdiá uskutočňované mimo hlavných centier zostávajú napriek významným výsledkom a motivácii vedeckej obce v medzinárodnej akademickej sfére neznáme. Vďaka vedeckým osobnostiam, ktoré prispeli do tejto kolektívnej publikácie, sa translatológia na Ukrajine a excelentný výskum, ktorý sa na jej univerzitách real...
Introduction. The aim of this first research in the Slovak-English language pair, is to establish... more Introduction. The aim of this first research in the Slovak-English language pair, is to establish the impact of the source-text (ST) syntactic structure on the target-text (TT) quality and its delivery in sight translation (SiT), as well as to identify the problems the interpreter students have in it, and the strategies they apply to solve them. Procedure. The participants, six Slovak graduate university students, sight-translated a non-specialized 250-word text from Slovak into English. The ST structure was deliberately changed in the way that, while remaining within the source-language norms, it considerably differed from the structure of the normative version of its English translation. If the structure of a specific student's TT was close to that of the ST, it was considered an evidence of the surface-oriented strategy (SurfOS), while the ST structure transformation was viewed as an indication of a sense-oriented strategy (SensOS). Results. The syntactic similarity in the tw...
Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation, 2021
Using the results of two surveys conducted by the present authors, this paper examines translator... more Using the results of two surveys conducted by the present authors, this paper examines translators’ and interpreters’ behaviour in the translation market and factors that influence it in (Slovak) society. In keeping with the familiar fact that not all translators are alike, we believe that empirically measurable factors enable us to observe behavioural patterns among translators and interpreters that are distinguishable along an axis of specialisation and an axis of professionalisation. The authors conducted two separate surveys involving 550 translators and interpreters – including literary translators, court translators and interpreters, translators of technical texts, audiovisual translators, institutional interpreters, and freelance translators – who worked across Slovakia’s market spectrum. In the analysis of the survey results, we found that, among other things, the level of professionalisation played a crucial role in translators’ decision-making processes within the broader ...
FORUM. Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation, Dec 31, 2021
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The unprecedented spread of English a... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The unprecedented spread of English and its growing dominance in the translation and interpreting industry have implications on the market behaviour of translators and interpreters depending on the combination of their working languages. This paper investigates the extent to which market signals (e.g. average rates and workloads) can be reflected in the motivation of students to enter the translation profession in respect to the combination of their working languages and the inclusion of English within that combination. Two surveys were used to obtain data for our analysis: one focused on the market behaviour of professional translators, whereas the other assessed the plans and motivations of T&amp;I students at the end of their studies. Respondents in both surveys were divided according to the role of English in their language combination. As this paper demonstrates, professionals working only with English (or with English and at least one other foreign language) had a better position in the market in terms of overall workload. These groups of professionals also had a more positive outlook in terms of demand for their services. On the contrary, professionals working with languages other than English had a lower workload and a more pessimistic outlook in terms of demand for their services. As our data suggest, students in the same category of working language combinations (without English) were more hesitant to pursue a career in the industry. Our findings underline a degree of sensitivity among students to market signals depending on the combination of their working languages. Importantly, they present relevant information for T&amp;I programme administrators and university management when designing curricula and planning future study programmes.</jats:p>
This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945... more This article provides an analysis of the publishing policy of the fascist Slovak state (1939-1945), focussing on fiction translation and examining the rapid changes taking place in the period under consideration. The history of translation is a very complex phenomenon, and in order to reconstruct a comprehensive image of the period we make use of the concepts of patronage (Lefevere) and polysystem (Even-Zohar). We show that publishing policy and type of patronage (differentiated or undifferentiated) are closely related, and that both periphery and centre of the polysystem need to be studied.
The paper deals with interrelation of dominant ideology and its influence on the translation and ... more The paper deals with interrelation of dominant ideology and its influence on the translation and publishing policy as reflected on the example of Slovakia. The introductory part is devoted to theoretical framework for the research drawing upon the works of Slovak and foreign translation scholars. The analytical part is contrastive; it presents publishing tendencies in selected dominant vs dependent cultures within the periods of opposing ideologies (socialistic vs democratic regimes). It clearly shows the shift of paradigm and the place of “small cultures ” in the intercultural dialogue/monologue.
Abstract: The paper deals with interrelation of dominant ideology and its influence on the transl... more Abstract: The paper deals with interrelation of dominant ideology and its influence on the translation and publishing policy as reflected on the example of Slovakia. The introductory part is devoted to theoretical framework for the research drawing upon the works of Slovak and foreign translation scholars. The analytical part is contrastive; it presents publishing tendencies in selected dominant vs dependent cultures within the periods of opposing ideologies (socialistic vs democratic regimes). It clearly shows the shift of paradigm and the place of "small cultures" in the intercultural dialogue/monologue. Key words: translation, culture, ideology, power shift, publishing policy, intercultural monologue PODER Y CAMBIO DE PARADIGMA EN LA TRADUCCION Resumen: Este articulo se ocupa de la interrelacion de la ideologia dominante y de su influencia en la traduccion y en las politicas de publicacion que se reflejan en el ejemplo de Eslovaquia. La parte introductoria se ha dedica...
Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation
Using the results of two surveys conducted by the present authors, this paper examines translator... more Using the results of two surveys conducted by the present authors, this paper examines translators’ and interpreters’ behaviour in the translation market and factors that influence it in (Slovak) society. In keeping with the familiar fact that not all translators are alike, we believe that empirically measurable factors enable us to observe behavioural patterns among translators and interpreters that are distinguishable along an axis of specialisation and an axis of professionalisation. The authors conducted two separate surveys involving 550 translators and interpreters – including literary translators, court translators and interpreters, translators of technical texts, audiovisual translators, institutional interpreters, and freelance translators – who worked across Slovakia’s market spectrum. In the analysis of the survey results, we found that, among other things, the level of professionalisation played a crucial role in translators’ decision-making processes within the broader ...
Les traductologues s’accourdent sur le fait que la coopération avec d'autres disciplines scie... more Les traductologues s’accourdent sur le fait que la coopération avec d'autres disciplines scientifiques est nécessaire afin de pouvoir reconnaître les structures et les principes du processus de traduction et interprétation. Cet article introduit le Modèle cognitif neuropsychologique pour soigner des malades aphasiques et essaye de l'appliquer aux études de traduction. Il tente de réfléchir sur une éventuelle parenté entre les malades aphasiques et les interprètes en proposant des exercices utiles pour la formation des futurs interprètes.
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