Bauhaus

Bauhaus Research made by : Section :8 Shady Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Khalid Mahmoud Brief was an art school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. It operated from 1919 to 1933 meaning "School of Building". The Bauhaus was first founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar. In spite of its name, and the fact that its founder was an architect, the Bauhaus during the first years of its existence did not have an architecture department. Nonetheless, it was founded with the idea of creating a "total" work of art in which all arts, including architecture, would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style later became one of the most influential currents in modern design, Modernist architecture and art, design and architectural education. The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography. It was shaped by the 19th and early 20th centuries trends such as Arts and Crafts movement, which had sought to level the distinction between fine and applied arts, and to reunite creativity and manufacturing. This is reflected in the romantic medievalism of the school's early years, in which it pictured itself as a kind of medieval crafts guild. But in the mid 1920s the medievalism gave way to a stress on uniting art and industrial design, and it was this which ultimately proved to be its most original and important achievement. The school is also renowned for its faculty, which included artists Wassily Kandinsky, Josef Albers, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Paul Klee and Johannes Itten, architects Walter Gropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and designer Marcel Breuer. Walter Gropius founder of Bauhaus a German architect and founder of the Bauhaus School, who, along with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright, is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture. In 1919, Gropius was involved in the Glass Chain utopian expressionist correspondence under the pseudonym "Mass." Usually more notable for his functionalist approach, the "Monument to the March Dead," designed in 1919 and executed in 1920, indicates that expressionism was an influence on him at that time. In 1923, Gropius designed his famous door handles, now considered an icon of 20th-century design and often listed as one of the most influential designs to emerge from Bauhaus. Walter Gropius designed the newly constructed school building in 1925 on behalf of the city of Dessau. Gropius collaborated with Carl Fieger, Ernst Neufert and others within his private architectural practice He also designed large-scale housing projects in Berlin, Karlsruhe and Dessau in 1926–32 that were major contributions to the New Objectivity movement, including a contribution to the Siemensstadt project in Berlin. Bauhaus plans and designs overall Analysis Plane surface without any ornamentation Colours: white, grey, beige or black Building Technology: Glass, Steel, and concrete 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Famous buildings Fagus Factory (1911-1913) Bauhaus Gropius House (1937-38 ) Josephine M. Hagerty House 1938 J.f. Kennedy Federal Building : 1963-1966 Pan Am Building 1960-1963 Waldenmark 1939 Bauhaus Building The Curtain Glass Walling Was First Used In Fagus Factory -1911 And Then Used With Certain Refinement. The Whole Cube Seems Like To Immense Horizontal Plains Floating On The Ground. Giant Light Cube Dazzling White Light From Every Wall. The High Glass Walls Revealing The Light Steel Structure Delineated In All Its Transparency By The Iron Grid Of Its Exterior Structure. The Complex Consists Of Five Main Elements Fully Glazed 3 Storeyed: Workshop Block. Teaching Block. Social Areas. A 5-storeyed Study Block. An Administrative Wing Bauhaus Building Analysis Designed By Gropius And His Partner Meyer With Certain Amount of Participation From Students. Bauhaus, Was An Art School In Germany That Combined Crafts And The Fine Arts. Plan And Analysis Plan Show The Linear Nature Of The Individual Structures. The Complex Is Divided Into Three Main Wings. The Studio Apartments Are Connected By Auditorium, Canteen, Kitchens And Gymnasium To The Long Narrow The Wing On Left Is The School Of Arts And Crafts, Wing On The Right Accommodate The Workshop. BLOCK VIEW OF BAUHAUS BUILDING: 1. WORKSHOP 2. DINING HALL 3. STUDIO WORKSHOP 4. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE 5. TRADE SCHOOL To Produce A Separation Of Each Of These Functions From Others, At The Same Time Not Isolating Them But Bringing Them Together Into Efficient Integration. Workshops Noticeably More Industrial, Particularly In Their Window The Square Pedalled Metal Windows Are Typical Of Mass Produced Industrial Units. BAUHAUS, DESSAU. ADMINISTRATION WING OVER THE STREET, CONNECTING THE SCHOOL DIVISIONS. BAUHAUS, DESSAU. STUDENT’S STUDIOS IN FOREGROUND BAUHAUS, DESSAU. INTERIOR, CORRIDOR AND STAIRS BAUHAUS, DESSAU. INTERIOR, WORKSHOP. GROPIUS HOUSE , LINCLON, MASSACHUSETTS It Was Done In Partnership With Marcel Breller In Lincoln (1937-38 ) There Was An Extensive Use Of Timber Reinforced With Some Steel Members , Lends A Different And Softer Character To The Building. Timber Cladding Was Hung Vertically. Inconsistent Use Of Elements Like Spiral Stair To Roof Terrace And Sun Lounge. GROPIUS HOUSE, LINCLON, MASSACHUSETTS •Every aspect of the house and its surrounding landscape was planned for maximum efficiency and simplicity. •The Gropius House mixes up the traditional materials of New England architecture (wood, brick, and fieldstone) with industrial materials such as glass block , acoustic plaster, and chrome banisters. •The house structure consists of a traditional New England post and beam wooden frame. •It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2000 Full plan GROUND FLOOR PLAN FIRST FLOOR PLAN GROPIUS HOUSE , LINCLON , MASSACHUSETTS GROPIUS HOUSELIVING AND DINING ROOM GARDEN ELEVATIONEXTERIOR VIEW FROM SOUTH Josephine M. Hagerty House A historic house at 357 Atlantic Avenue in Cohasset, Massachusetts. Located a few feet from the shoreline. Built in 1938 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. Architect : Walter Gropius; Marcel Breuer Architectural style : International Style The Hagerty House, was his first architectural commission in the United States. Two-story part-time residence characterized by a plain geometric form and simplicity of detail, with a large living area and several bedrooms. The exterior staircases were constructed of welded and galvanized steel pipes. Gra ite was used for half of the house’s ase as well as for the ortared sto e walls located at the front and rear. The roughly L-shaped house’s ai lo gitudi al se tio exte ds i a orth–south orientation, punctuated by floor-to-ceiling windows and smaller bands of glass designed to maximize views of the Atlantic Ocean. In the living room, there's a black leather Le Corbusier lounge and a sofa set. The main staircase consists of simple oak treads that cantilever out from side walls sheathed in natural vertical board and are supported on the other side by a continuous grill-like railing truss. Upstairs, the bedrooms are arranged in a uniform line of five cubicles. Initially, each bedroom had a vividly colored western wall—red, blue, yellow, or green—with the remaining three walls painted white.