Report on Optimization of Regenerants Consumption at Demin

EPJ Web of Conferences, 2015

Water distribution characteristics of spray nozzles with spray plates used to distribute cooling water to the cooling fills in a cooling tower is one of the important parameters for the selection of nozzles. Water distribution characteristic describes the distribution of water from the axis of the nozzle along a fill. One of the parameters affecting the water distribution characteristic of the nozzle is airflow velocity of counter flow airstream. Water distribution characteristics are commonly measured using by a set of containers. The problem with this method of the measurement of characteristics is block of the airflow with collections of containers. Therefore, this work is using the visualization method.

Energy Reports, 2021

Heating tower heat pumps are increasingly used in subtropical areas due to their frost-free characteristics. The spray heating tower (SHT) solves the fouling problem suffered by the packing heating tower and ensures thermal performance. However, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of SHT have not been fully revealed and the power consumption of SHT is higher than that of packing heating towers. In the present study, the effects of tower height, air temperature, solution concentration/type, and liquid to gas ratio on the thermal performance of SHT were analyzed using a mathematical model. The heat and mass transfer characteristics of SHT with 100% thermal efficiency and/or 100% tower effectiveness were investigated. The results showed that when thermal efficiency approached 100% and liquid to gas mass ratio was 0.28, evaporation and condensation occurred at the bottom and top of the tower, respectively. Based on the parametric analysis results, a parameter design strategy to reduce pump power consumption while ensuring thermal performance was determined, which reconciled the contradiction between power consumption and thermal performance of SHT. The results of this investigation may provide a reference for the design and operation of SHT.

Proceeding of 3rd Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference (TFEC), 2018

An experimental investigation was performed to study the effects of the spray coverage area, the film area, and the impact droplet velocity on the thermal performance of a spray cooling system. All experiments were carried out in a closed loop spray cooling system working with deionized water as a cooling medium. A plain copper surface with a diameter of 15 mm was used as a target surface and tested in the single-phase and twophase regimes. The coolant mass flux was 15.5 kg/s.m 2 , and the distance between the nozzle and the heated surface was varied from 10 to16 mm. Due to the change in the nozzle height, the spray coverage area, the film area, and the droplet impact velocity were changed and affected the thermal performance of the spray cooling system. As a sequence of these changes, the experimental results showed that these parameters have a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics.

IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, 2004

Time-and space-resolved heat transfer data on a nominally isothermal surface, cooled by two spray nozzles, were obtained using an array of individually controlled microheaters. Visualization and measurements of the liquid-solid contact area and three-phase contact line length were made using a total internal reflectance technique. The spacing between the nozzles and the heated surface was varied between 7 and 17 mm. Little interaction between the two sprays was observed for the tested conditions, with the heat flux due to a single nozzle remaining comparable to that due to two nozzles, provided the areas considered were limited to the regions impacted by the sprays. Variations in the heat transfer across the surface, however, increased significantly with decreasing nozzle-to-heater spacing. The phase change heat transfer was strongly correlated with the length of the three-phase contact line and was not correlated with the wetted area. Index Terms-Contact line, multiple nozzles, phase-change heat transfer, spray cooling. NOMENCLATURE CHF Critical (maximum before dryout) Heat flux W/m. Sauter mean diameter [m]. Spray nozzle diameter [m]. f-number; as given by the ratio of an imaging len's focal length to clear aperture. Normalized gray value of a single pixel at position in a 2-D image. Minimum of (the smallest gray value along jth row) or 0.45. Maximum of (the largest gray value along th row) or 0.65. h Nozzle to heater distance [m]. i index in x-direction. j index in y-direction. Contact line length [m]. n Index of refraction. Re Reynolds number. Saturation temperature C. Heater temperature C. v Velocity [m/s]. We Weber number.

International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2019

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018

The cooling system is an essential part of the production process within the plant. In the cooling system using cooling tower, efficiency can be improved by increasing the effectiveness of cooling through nozzle modification. This study aims to determine the effect of diameter and number of nozzle holes on cooling effectiveness. The data were taken from the experiments using prototype of counterflow cooling tower with dimension of high x cross-sectional area are 120 cm x 40 cm x 40 cm. Diameter varied by 1; 1.5; and 2 mm, while the number of nozzle holes 4; 8; 16. The results show that the highest cooling effectiveness was achieved at nozzle diameter 1.5 mm with the number of holes 8 that is 38.77%.

Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 2017

The Editorial Committee of the journal believes it is important to evaluate the quality of engineering and scientific contributions published in JTST and to provide recognition of excellent work and its publication. Each paper is reviewed and evaluated on its merits for scientific and engineering content, originality, and presentation style. The following papers are recognized as outstanding and the authors received awards of recognition for their excellent publications.

International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2008

The effect of synthetic (zero-net-mass-flux) jets on a water spray and on its cooling performance in the non-boiling regime was experimentally investigated. Particle Image Velocimetry and Shadowgraphy were used to evaluate the global and detailed spray characteristics, respectively, under several modes of flow control. Temperature measurements were performed to assess the effects of spray control on the heat transfer. Heat transfer improvements were achieved with flow control, compared to the baseline case, where the mode of control, together with spray properties and the distance between the spray and the hot surface play an important role in cooling enhancement.

2017

The article shows the experimental investigation of a heat performance of the film fill. During the experiment was used two different spray nozzles with same water flow rate. Each spray nozzle created very different water distribution pattern. And this difference was investigating. The Merkel numbers are calculated for all measurement points. The Merkel number Me is a dimensionless number. This experimental study shows that the water distribution above the cooling fill could change the thermal performance of the cooling tower.

International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2013