Poster Session: Open Science & The Humanities

Sage Open, 2020

Although opening up of research is considered an appropriate and trend-setting model for future scientific communication, it can still be difficult to put open science into practice. How open and transparent can a scientific work be? This article investigates the potential to make all information and the whole work process of a qualification project such as a doctoral thesis comprehensively and freely accessible on the internet with an open free license both in the final form and completely traceable in development. The answer to the initial question, the self-experiment and the associated demand for openness, posed several challenges for a doctoral student, the institution, and the examination regulations, which are still based on the publication of an individually written and completed work that cannot be viewed by the public during the creation process. In the case of data and other documents, publication is usually not planned even after completion. This state of affairs in the use of open science in the humanities will be compared with open science best practices in the physical sciences. The reasons and influencing factors for open developments in science and research are presented, empirically and experimentally tested in the development of the first completely open humanities-based PhD thesis. The results of this two-part study show that it is possible to publish everything related to the doctoral study, qualification, and research process as soon as possible, as comprehensively as possible, and under an open license.

“Opening Science to Meet Future Challenges”

The way the modern research is being performed nowadays is greatly characterized by connecting individual researchers, institutions, disciplines and different stakeholder groups such as governments, citizens and industries. Such cross-linked scholarly ecosystem becomes even more critical when it comes to solving global issues like understanding climate change or ensuring stability of financial systems. Access to and joint efforts in analyzing scientific research data are therefore increasingly seen as a potential key to tackle future challenges. Along with growing expectations and funders requirements as f.i. recently announced Open Research Data Pilot in Horizon 2020 (European Commission, 2013) a number of higher education institutions (HEIs) are now starting to explore their role in promoting open access for research data in their respective communities. In the context of so-called "research data management (RDM) initiative" a dedicated job position was created at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (HU) and assigned with a task to develop an institutional concept for RDM. Instead of building yet-another-repository for archiving and publishing research data we decided to focus on organizational, sociocultural and legal aspects of RDM first. We started with conducting an university-wide survey on current research data holdings and researchers needs for supporting services. The results revealed some general issues for multidisciplinary HEIs like HU. For example, "the rules of good scientific practice" (passed by the German Research Foundation (DFG) in 1998 and characteristic for German HEIs landscape) committing researchers to preserve data underlying their publications for at least 10 years were only fulfilled by approx. half of respondents. Among over 100 free text comments very simple yet sound arguments were presented: prevalently shorter than the given period job contracts and research projects, keeping competitive advantage along with restricted access to research data or complicated applicability of these rules in arts and humanities research, just to name a few. In this talk we want to shed light on what role HEIs and other research institutions can play in promoting open access to research data as a means for "intelligent openness" and novel social dynamics in science as defined by the Royal Society (2012) and collectivelly preparing to meet future challenges.

ICAI, 2019

Digital transformation is changing communication in the academic community, breaking geographic barriers with facilities of communication between collaborators. However, countries and institutions are not in the same context about resources to build an open path for research production. For this reason, Open Access and Science are strategies of relevance that enable collaboration among researchers around the world and institutional areas. We do a systematic review with the aim of exploring the potentials, and limitations of Open Science (OS) and Open Access (OA) to scientific collaboration and production. We did an initial screening of an abstract of 1664 publications in Scopus to select 144 documents related. Finally, a detailed review of the articles presents 17 documents that deal specifically with the functionalities and barriers of OS and OA. The given arguments highlight the efficiency, and abilities to democratize the production of knowledge and to generate ideas and innovative solutions to current problems. Likewise, this article addresses the barriers found in the academic level. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the arguments treated by scientists in the dispute over whether to use it or not. Specifically, our objectives are to: (a) analyze the role of open science and open access in scientific production, (b) identify the barriers that authors experiment when opting for open access and open science. At last, we discuss the potential of OS to overcome the territorial, economic, and infrastructure barriers that certain researchers may experience in their production of scientific research collaboratively and equitably.

Journal of anthropological sciences = Rivista di antropologia : JASS / Istituto italiano di antropologia, 2013

Journal of anthropological sciences = Rivista di antropologia : JASS / Istituto italiano di antropologia, 2014

Open Access, Open Science, Open Society

Open Access’ main goal is not the subversion of publishers’ role as driving actors in an oligopolistic market characterised by reduced competition and higher prices. OA’s main function is to be found somewhere else, namely in the ability to subvert the power to control science’s governance and its future directions (Open Science), a power that is more often found within the academic institutions rather than outside. By decentralising and opening-up not just the way in which scholarship is published but also the way in which it is assessed, OA removes the barriers that helped turn science into an intellectual oligopoly even before an economic one. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate that Open Access is a key enabler of Open Science, which in turn will lead to a more Open Society. Furthermore, the paper argues that while legislative interventions play an important role in the top-down regulation of Open Access, legislators currently lack an informed and systematic vision on the role of Open Access in science and society. In this historical phase, other complementary forms of intervention (bottom-up) appear much more “informed” and effective. This paper, which intends to set the stage for future research, identifies a few pieces of the puzzle: the relationship between formal and informal norms in the field of Open Science and how these impact on intellectual property rights, the protection of personal data, the assessment of science and the technology employed for the communication of science.

Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage, 2013

2020

UNESCO is launching international consultations aimed at developing a Recommendation on Open Science for adoption by member states in 2021. Its Recommendation will include a common definition, a shared set of values, and proposals for action.<br> At the invitation of the Canadian Commission for UNESCO, this paper aims to contribute to the consultation process by answering questions such as:<br> <br> • Why and how should science be "open"? For and with whom?<br> • Is it simply a matter of making scientific articles and data fully available to researchers around the world at the time of publication, so they do not miss important results that could contribute to or accelerate their work?<br> • Could this openness also enable citizens around the world to contribute to science with their capacities and expertise, such as through citizen science or participatory action research projects?<br> • Does science that is truly open include a pluralit...

Diccionario Jurídico, 2019