Agitation

Agitation is a common problem in patients suffering from dementia and encompasses a variety of behaviors such as repetitive acts, restlessness, wandering, and aggressive behaviors. Agitation reduces the probability of positive social interaction and increases the psychological and organizational burden. While medical interventions are common, there is need for complementary or alternative methods. Music intervention has been brought forward as a promising method to reduce agitation in dementia. While interventions, target groups and research designs differ, there has so far not been a systematic overview assessing the effect of music intervention for agitation in patients with dementia. A meta-analysis was conducted in order to investigate possible effects of music interventions. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Music intervention had a medium overall effect on agitation in dementia, suggesting robust clinical relevance. While the moderate number of studies does not allow for further differentiation between sub-types of music intervention, the subgroup comparisons indicated promising pathways for future systematic reviews. This meta-analysis is the first systematic and quantitative overview supporting clinically and statistically robust effects of music intervention on agitation in dementia. The analysis provides further arguments for this non-pharmacological approach and highlights needs for future systematic research reviews for the investigation of intervention types.

Since its accession to the Indian union, Jammu and
Kashmir is facing several inter –state and intra –state upheavals.
As an enduring inter –state problem between India and Pakistan,
Jammu and Kashmir attracted enormous international attention
but comparatively its intra  - state hostility got a lesser notice.
This article, dealing with the historic debate of politics of
regionalism, explores the Kashmir centric leadership and New
Delhi’s calculated denial of Jammu and Ladakh regions genuine
demands.

Although the 2017 revival of the #MeToo campaign has received mass media praise, it’s direct contribution to the current social shift fighting for social and political justice has yet to be empirically documented. Did this campaign provide temporary catharsis further inhibiting enactment within the social and political spheres? Understandings of social media campaigns’ role in social action is still limited in the literature. Using Bowers, Ochs, & Jensen (1971) explanations of rhetoric of agitation and control, I analyze news and social media accounts of the #MeToo campaign activity and the possible unfolding of social actions or inactions, including planned and forthcoming public events or campaigns over the next few months. This paper will place #MeToo within the context of feminism rhetoric and socio-political change. This analysis contributes to our understanding of social media’s role in political action and the position of feminist discourse within the public rhetoric to end sexual abuse, assault, and exploitation.

This co-authored article reflects upon the form and process of the project “A Polyphonic Essay on Intimacy and Distance” commissioned for the Transart Triennale 2016. The reflection on this process locates itself in
four core areas: the essay as form, polyphony, performativity and liveness, which we believe underpin and articulate this collaborative project and its relationship to the imperceptible self.

This article seeks to articulate “A Polyphonic Essay on…” as a model; a model which, as a curatorial collaboration, we are applying to other themes with careful consideration paid to its staging, to engagement with interlocutors and to the presentation of artworks. A prototype
has been formed, but with inherent litheness dependent on thematic. It is proposed that the prepared, yet flexible “liveness” scaffolds and allows the in-process conversation to unfold, rooted in the artwork it presents.
This article discusses our approach to curating the first iteration of this ongoing collaborative project with particular attention to our methodology: one that is in-dialogue and contingent.

Although the project’s thematic focused on the concepts of intimacy and distance, this article does not discuss these terms. Instead we focus on the performative scaffold that we as curators structured the project within, drawing from the artworks, the commissioned artists’ practices and the cited material uttered during the event, with an aim to set forth an approach to the curatorial particular to this collaboration.

Die Umgestaltung der DDR-Universitäten verdankte sich Personen, die sich der Erziehung der Nachwachsenden zum "sozialistischen Menschen" verpflichtet hatten. Diese richteteten Strukturen ein, mit deren Hilfe missliebige Universitätsangehörige stigmatisiert und verdrängt wurden. Das Beispiel thematisiert die Verhaftungen der Angehörigen des "Eisenberger Kreises" und das Vorgehen gegen kabarettistische Einlagen auf Studentenbällen an der Jenaer Universität von 1956 bis 1958. Es zeigt, wie sehr Repression vom Handeln der Einzelnen abhing. Die Infrastruktur der Propaganda, so die Jenaer Universitätszeitung "Sozialistische Universität", wurde von diesen Personen aufgebaut und wirkte durch Feind-Bilder, die sich im Text als weit reichendes Konstrukt herausstellen. Die Konstruktion verhinderte nicht den Widerspruch aus der Bevölkerung. Allerdings änderte das nichts an der Verurteilung der Studierenden und an der Verdrängung der Kritiker*innen von der Universität.
Obwohl die Verurteilungen geheim gehalten werden sollten, berichteten westliche Medien, so dass die politischen Motive der DDR-Behörden in die Diskussion gerieten. Dennoch erreichten die eiligst einberufenen Agitationsabende gemeinsam mit den "Agitpropgruppen", dass schließlich viele das Bild von der Jenaer "Agentengruppe" glaubten. Nicht zuletzt deutet sich damit der "Kalte Krieg der Medien" an.

Agitation may occur in many settings: upon emergence from anesthesia, in the context of certain mental illnesses, secondary to
brain injury or substance abuse, as a side effect of medication, and with certain forms of cognitive impairment. Agitation occurs
frequently in patients with dementia, including but not limited to Alzheimer’s disease. This neuropsychiatric symptom is likely
related to dysfunctional neurotransmissions, but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. There is no FDA-approved treatment
for agitation but several agents are used off-label to help manage agitation, which can be a chronic and troublesome condition
in patients with dementia. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, opioid analgesia, cannabinoids, antiepileptic agents, dextromethorphan,
scyllo-inositol, brexipiprazole, and prazosin are discussed as possible treatments in the literature. The effectiveness of
many pharmacological interventions for agitation can be equivocal and safety issues are of concern. Nonpharmacological interventions,
such as music therapy, aromatherapy, and animal-assisted therapy, have reported modest success but may be difficult
to implement emergency departments as well as in some institutionalized settings. As the geriatric population in developed nations
increases, agitation secondary to various forms of dementia will likely increase as well. Agitation can pose risks to patients
and their caregivers and there is an urgent unmet medical need to find safe, effective treatments.

Most of food waste consisting mainly with carbohydrates that can be fermented to produce ethanol. The carbohydrate polymers are hydrolyzed using HCl acid to be split into glucose. Hydrolysis process carried out with the aid of stirring so that the collision occured between the carbs and HCl acid. In this study, an agitating between them are varieted with stirring speed of 100 rpm, 150 rpm and 200 rpm, so that it can be seen the effect of agitating into result of glucose . The result of hydrolysis show that concentration of glucose increase to point 17,13% (v/v) on agitating speed of 150 rpm. Then the hydrolyzate liquids are fermented using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Fermentation process was conducted at 18 days varied, then doing ethanol test every three days. The result shows ethanol concentrated are highest at 18 days fermentation, there are ranging between 44,01% (v/v) with agitating speed of 100 rpm; 44,59% (v/v) with agitating speed of 150 rpm; 45,11% (v/v) with agitating speed of 200 rpm.The highest ethanol content increased on 9 days fermentation, meaning that on that day content of ethanol increase higher than the previous day. Slowing increased levels of ethanol started to happen on day 18, it relates to the ability of yeast to use ethanol as an energy source or age of yeast has been used for too long.

A strategy for adaptive control and energetic optimization of aerobic fermentors was implemented, with both air flow and agitation speed as manipulated variables. This strategy is separable in its components: control, optimization, estimation. We optimized parameter’s estimation (from the usual KLa correlation) using sinusoidal excitation of air flow and agitation speed. We have implemented parameter’s estimation trough recursive least squares algorithm with forgetting factor. We carried separate essays on control, optimization and estimation algorithms. We carried our essays using an original computational simulation environment, with noise and delay generating facilities for data sampling and filtering.

Our results show the convergence and robustness of the estimation algorithm used, improved with use of both forgetting factor and KLa dead-band facilities. Control algorithm used in our work compares favorably with PID using the integrated area criteria for deviation between oxygen molarity and critical molarity (set point). Optimization algorithm clearly reduces energetic consumption, respecting critical molarity. Integration of control, optimization and adaptive algorithms was implemented, but future work is needed for stability. Methods were defined and implemented for stability improvement. We have implemented data acquisition and computer manipulation of air flow and agitation speed for actual fermentors.

In the Discourse of the Syncope: Logodaedalus and “Why Are There Several Arts, Not Just One?”, Jean-Luc Nancy engages with the work of Immanuel Kant in order to launch an aesthetic inquiry into the quandries of representation and the creation of worlds. In Kant’s nervous experience of the sublime and mental ailments, Nancy finds the somatic feeling of an ill philosopher whose agitation is a mode of creation without law, an abnormal creator of infinite unproductive and aporetic relations set
in-between syncopated heterogeneous finites which are contingent upon the suspension of judgment and non-knowledge. Here, the unruly traits of agitation expose the eventful cacophony found in the sceptic’s suspension of judgment, unsettling the margins of art, the work of creation, and the portrait of Kant.

Die Ereignisse, Tatsachen etc., die den Ausgangspunkt des Agitationsprozesses bilden, sind unter diesem Gesichtspunkt Informationsquellen. Ganz abstrakt gesehen, sind Menschen, Gruppen von Menschen. Informationstheoretisch ist das Verhältnis objektive Realität - Beschreibung desselben durch Designatoren Formulierung durch Agitator-Einwirkung auf diejenigen, an die sich die Agitation wendet als kybernetischer Rückkopplungsprozeß aufzufassen.

Political communication depends on publicity which for a long period of time could only be provided by mass media. But the relation between the political system and the media system was and still is quite difficult, always depending, for instance, on the regimes and the key media in the particular eras or cultures and the different functions mass media had to fulfil for society. The chapter discusses the role and the forms of information, persuasion, agitation and propaganda in political mass communication during several historical periods and the current changes to mass communication due to the increasing influence of social media.

После революционных событий 1917 г. молодая советская
власть начала создавать корпус массовых периодических изданий,  обслуживающих новую идеологию. Для реализации политики женского «раскрепощения» в 1920-е годы было решено выпускать специализированную женскую периодику, ориентированную на различные целевые аудитории женщин. Изначально был положен принцип социальной стратификации – для женщин, вовлеченных в советские общественные отношения – журнал «Коммунистка» (1920–1930 гг.), для работниц – «Работница», «Крестьянка» – для крестьянок и журнал «Батрачка» (1925–1929 гг.) для соответствующей категории населения. Понимая, что работница в Москве и  работница за Уралом – это женщины, живущие в разные реалиях и с совершенно разными культурно-познавательными запросами, советские культуртрегеры параллельно запустили локальные проекты женских изданий «на местах».

The distilled water productivity of the single basin single slope solar still is very low. In this work, the experimental modification was carried out in the single basin single slope solar still to improve the performance. Experimental attempt was carried out to enhance the solar still productivity by means of agitation effect. Agitation effect was given by using a shaft coupled with a dc motor powered by solar PV panel at a constant rpm. Experiment was carried out during sunshine hours. Performance of both conventional still and the still with improvement technique were studied under same atmospheric condition. The agitation effect breaks the surface boundary layer of water and increases the area of contact between the water and air. The addition of the improvement technique enhanced the evaporation rate of the still and hence the distillate yield was augmented. The experimental result shows that the still with improvement technique enhanced the distillate productivity by 21.67% as compared to the conventional still. Cost comparison was carried out between both the stills. Still with agitation effect yields profit 20.90% more than the conventional still.

The transesterification reaction models available in the literature are valid only for one particular mixing condition. In this work, a modeling strategy is presented in order to predict the effect of mixing conditions in the transesterification process. The proposed methodology was applied to independent sets of experimental data available in the literature that show the dependency of the transesterification reaction on the frequency of rotation of the stirrer. The accuracy of the developed models corroborates the validity of the proposed modeling approach.

The elderly need proper medical and psychiatric care and attention. So, choosing an appropriate therapeutic method for their psychological care, especially in the elderly with cognitive impairment, will be effective in improving their psychological symptoms and health. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of humor therapy and cognitive rehabilitation on agitation and apathy in male elders with mild cognitive impairment. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretestposttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all male elderly with mild cognitive impairment residing of nursing homes in Alborz province, Iran. At first, Kahrizak Charity Hospice was selected by purposeful sampling method, and then 51 elderly people were selected based on inclusion criteria, and assigned randomly into two experimental groups (humor and cognitive rehabilitation) and one control group. Cohen-Mansfield's Agitation Inventory, Apathy's Evaluation Scale and Montreal's Cognitive Assessment-Basic were used to collect data. The two intervention groups received eight 90-minute sessions of Humor therapy based on the Mcghee's 7 Humor Habits Program and Kelly and O'Sullivan's Cognitive Rehabilitation, and the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The results of univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that humor therapy reduces agitation and apathy. Moreover, cognitive rehabilitation reduced agitation and apathy. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between humor therapy and cognitive rehabilitation in terms of reducing agitation and apathy. According to the effectiveness of humor therapy and cognitive rehabilitation in reducing agitation and apathy in this study, these interventions can be applied to improve psychological symptoms, personal functioning and interpersonal relationships in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

Article presents and discusses Czechoslovakian and Soviet propaganda films. In the text there were shown motives that are common for both Czechoslovakian and Soviet films. Referring to presented analysis it is possible to state that the foundation for Czechoslovakian propaganda film were Russian film originals.

The protests that broke out after the elimination of HM Commander Burhan Wani on 08 July 2016 took the State and security establishment by surprise and caught them completely off guard. This unrest was qualitatively different from previous protests in terms of intensity, scale, and the nature of public participation. Since then there has been a substantial increase in violent incidents and fatalities through the rest of the year especially in the Kashmir Valley. A debate has also been started in public domain about the need to remove article 370 so that rest of the Indians could invest, purchase property or settle down in J & K. The situation in Kashmir Valley has been going through intermittent phases of stability and turmoil. This present cycle of protests and agitations is however disconcerting. The two most alarming aspects of the current phase of Kashmir's agitational terrorism are the rise in the number of local terrorists, and the growing acceptance and legitimacy of terrorists in society. The situation has been exploited fully by Pakistan with an impetus to cross border terrorism and continued support to the separatist movement.

This paper examines the perceived deprivations in the Niger Delta that have led to the demand for resource control in the Niger Delta region. The study relies mainly on secondary sources for its analysis. There is a reliance on existing literature in books, journals, newspapers and magazines. The piece identifies and historicizes the reasons for the persistent agitations for self-determination and resource control in the Niger Delta. It finds that the demand for resource control has been necessitated by the neglect and deprivation suffered by the people of the region. It is this neglect and deprivation that have crystallized and metamorphosed into the current resource control conflict that threatens to dismember the Nigerian state. It concludes that the agitations in the region cannot be explained only in terms of environmental conflict. The neglect over the years suffered by the people in terms of provision of infrastructural facilities and their socio-political marginalization are crucial in explaining the frequent eruptions in the Niger Delta.

Electoral code contains numerous regulations allowing the candidates the freedom of electoral campaign (which means the opportunity to present themselves as well as the their own programme). Such freedom is not - and might not be – unlimited though. In particular, it shall not cause obstacles neither for the state functions nor for the campaign and electoral process. It also shall not violate the rights of political competitors. Thus, also the Polish legal provisions define some legal framework for electoral campaign. The bans for the agitation in  certain places serve as a good examples of such rules. This very paper is an attempt to present the theory and practical information on such matter.

Bir manik hastada valproata bağlı ajitasyon ve
irritabilite: olgu sunumu
Valproat duygudurum düzenleyici özellikleri olan bir antikonvülzan
ilaçtır. Aynı zamanda ajitasyon, irritabilite ve
dürtüsel saldırgan davranışlar ile başa çıkmak için de kullanılır.
Bu yazıda 35 yaşında, bipolar bozukluğu olan ve
valproat tedavisi sırasında beklenenin tersine ajitasyon
ve irritabilite gelişen bir olgunun sunumu amaçlanmıştır.
Hastanın 10 yıldır bipolar bozukluk tanısı vardı ve hastanemize
manik dönemde yatırılmıştı. Yatışında öforik olsa da
irritabilitesi yoktu. Valproat ve diazepam tedavisi başlandı.
Yatışının dördüncü gününde irritabilite, ajitasyon ve hostilite
ortaya çıktı. Geçmiş sağlık kayıtları incelendiğinde
önceden de valproat tedavisi sırasında ajitasyon ve şiddet
gösterdiği saptandı. Valproatın kesilmesiyle ajitasyon ve
irritabilite hızla düzeldi. Olgu lityum ile iki haftalık tedavi
sonrasında hastaneden remisyon ile taburcu edildi. Eğer
bir hastada valproat başlanmasından sonra irritabilite ya
da ajitasyon ortaya çıkarsa ya da ajitasyon ve irritabiliteyi
düzeltmek amacıyla valproat başlandıktan sonra durum
daha da kötüleşirse bunun valproatın yan etkisi olabileceği
akılda tutulmalıdır.

Telengana stands on the threshold of achieving of its 60-year-old dream of statehood. But the outpouring of rage among people in the other regions of Andhra Pradesh and the revival of the demands for new states across the country pose a severe challenge to the ruling Congress Party. The demand for separate state in various parts of the subcontinent mainly arises out of identity, region, language, culture, caste, class and economic underdevelopment. However, it is in this context that this paper makes an attempt to highlight on how movements for separate statehood started immediately after the declaration of Telengana to be 29 th state of India and more specifically the paper focuses on the agitation of the Koshal region to form a Koshal state in Odisha. The paper very briefly suggests the bare need of the Second States Reorganization Commission so as to tackle all these demands.

There are times to 'speak French', that is to agitate and arouse the people with a definite view and goal to attain. There are also other times to 'speak German', that is, to spread ideas with a long-term view and goal. This is how Lenin distinguished between the two ways of conducting agitation and propaganda.

Production of biodegradable plastic, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was demonstrated using culture of moderately haloalkalitolerant Halomonas campisalis MCMB-1027. Production of PHA was carried out at different aeration (0.5-1, 1, and 1.5 vvm) and agitation (100,150 and 200 rpm) in 14 L fermenter. Maximum production of PHA was 40.69% on the basis of dry cell mass at 1 vvm and 100 rpm. Material balance over maltose revealed that aeration of 1 vvm and agitation of 100 rpm was optimum for conversion of utilized maltose into PHA. Controlled dissolved oxygen in the range 1-5% level during PHA accumulation phase facilitated increase in PHA content to 56.23%. A correlation equation was developed by fixing mass transfer coefficient (K L a) and applied successfully for scale up production of PHA in 120 L fermenter.

To the Editor: Dexmedetomidine has been used to treat agitation and delirium in the intensive care units (ICUs). 1 However, there is very little literature reporting agitation following use of dexmedetomidine. A 45-year-old male weighing 72 kg presented to our pain clinic with sharp and lancinating pain on the right side of face and forehead for one year. The pain was not relieved by different medications and remained within the distribution of V1 and V2 divisions of the trigeminal nerve. His past history and physical examination were unremarkable. Radiofrequency ablation of the respective divisions under sedation was planned. In the operating, routine monitors such as ECG, noninvasive blood pressure (BP), SpO 2 , EtCO 2 (via nasal prongs) were attached, baseline vitals recorded, and an intravenous (IV) access was secured. Oxygen was administered via nasal prongs at 2 L/minute and a loading dose of dexmedetomidine (1 lg/kg over 10 minutes) was started with an infusion pump. Five minutes later (35 lg dexmedetomidine infused), the patient displayed signs of agitation, disorientation, flailing of arms, and irritable behavior. His heart rate was 96/min, BP 130/84 mmHg, and SpO 2 100%. Dexmedetomidine was presumed to be the possible cause of agitation, and hence, the infusion was stopped; the patient was kept under observation. His behavior became normal after 15 minutes, and he had no recall of the event. Although the patient requested to proceed with the procedure, it was decided to postpone it to a later date. A week later, he underwent the procedure, uneventfully, under sedation with midazolam 2 mg and fentanyl 100 lg IV; there was no sign of agitation. The pain relief was complete, and there was no recurrence of agitation at 1-month follow-up. Dexmedetomidine is known to reduce emergence agitation during the postoperative period. 1 It is also used to reduce agitation and delirium in ICU as it has sedative and analgesic properties without respiratory depression. 2 These effects are attributed to selective central presynaptic a-2 agonist properties, which inhibits the action of norepinephrine and epinephrine centrally and peripherally by inhibiting presynaptic as well as postsynaptic a-2 receptors. 3 The reduction in central sympathetic activity which inhibits nociception is mainly responsible for reducing agitation. 4 However, the presence of agitation during infusion in this case points toward the possibility of increase in central sympathetic activities. Agitation has been reported with the use of dexmedetomidine for prolonged ICU sedation (more than 24 hours), with an incidence of 2%. 5 However, this is the first report of agitation with infusion of dexmedetomidine during procedural sedation, observed at a small dose of 0.5 lg/kg. We believe that dexmedetomidine may have some degree of unknown central postsynaptic a-receptor activity increasing sympathetic surge which may result in agitation. Caution must therefore be exercised, and possible occurrence of agitation may be anticipated during infusion of dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation.

Objective: Alzheimer's is a progressive and debilitating disease of the brain that causes serious damage to human thoughts and memory and is associated with psychological disorders such as insomnia and agitation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of body-centered meditation on insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer’s patients.

Method: The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. From the statistical population of patients with Alzheimer's disease in mild to moderate levels referred to clinics and Alzheimer's Association of Tehran province, 20 people were selected randomly based on inclusion criteria and assigned into experimental (n = 10) and control groups (n = 10). The research questionnaires were Morin's insomnia (1993) and Cohen-Mansfield's Agitation (1986). Meditation was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions of 90 minutes. The research data were analyzed using multivariate covariance.

Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that post-test scores of insomnia and agitation of patients with Alzheimer's in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (P≤0 / 005).

Conclusion: Body-centered meditation can be used to improve insomnia and agitation in Alzheimer's patients.

Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease, agitation, insomnia, meditation, psychiatry

Self-injurious behaviors (SIBs) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are destructive symptoms that can lead to dangerous injuries and life-threatening risks. Agitation and SIBs may not respond to psychopharmacological and behavioral interventions. There are reports in the literature on improvement after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in cases not responding pharmacotherapy. However, data on the efficacy of the therapy on the benefiting patients, the course of the treatment and on the use of maintenance ECT (m-ECT) are very limited. This report presents the clinical features and the course of m-ECT on two cases under follow up for pharmacotherapy resistant ASD with significant agitation, mood disorder and SIBs that could cause severe head traumas. The initial stage of therapy consisted of 7 sessions of ECT patients showed improvement after the 5th session. m-ECT were started since the agitation repeated one week after discharge despite ongoing pharmacotherapy. In the first case, m-ECT ...

Concrete is a composite material obtained by mixing cement, sand, aggregates with water in suitable proportions. Concrete after mixing has to be transported at the final positions before setting takes place. Placing of concrete at its final position by keeping properties of plastic concrete intact is most important, as the quality of concrete depends of placing, at most care is needed. There are number of equipment's used for transportation and placing of concrete. In case of high rise structures and mass concreting works continuous flow of concrete at the desired height is essential, in such situations pumping concrete by concrete pumps is a common solution. Concrete pumps are the versatile equipment's having number of advantages. Since the concrete is placed under pressure no segregation, bleeding takes place, honeycombing is avoided so superior fishing quality of the concrete product is possible. With proper utilization of resources, speed and economy in concreting can be achieved. The timely completion of the project and reduction in site overheads helps in improved cash flow.