Content Management

Advances in the media and entertainment industries, including streaming audio and digital TV, present new challenges for managing and accessing large audio-visual collections. Current content management systems support retrieval using low-level features, such as motion, color, and texture. However, low-level features often have little meaning for naive users, who much prefer to identify content using high-level semantics or concepts. This creates a gap between systems and their users that must be bridged for these systems to be used effectively. To this end, in this paper, we first present a knowledge-based video indexing and content management framework for domain specific videos (using basketball video as an example). We will provide a solution to explore video knowledge by mining associations from video data. The explicit definitions and evaluation measures (e.g., temporal support and confidence) for video associations are proposed by integrating the inherent feature of video data. Our approach uses video processing techniques to find visual and audio cues (e.g., court field, camera motion activities, and applause), introduces multilevel sequential association mining to explore associations among the audio and visual cues, classifies the associations by assigning each of them with a class label, and uses their appearances in the video to construct video indices. Our experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach.

The scholarly activities query, retrieval, maintenance and management of institution repository data is often difficult, because repositories are loaded with documents in a myriad of formats generated by an Institution. The current data retrieval techniques that are used in institutional repositories make use of indexing and keywords in order to retrieve information which results in reduced accuracy in matching user requests. This paper proposes a system called SEMKNOW 1 , which will enable machine involvement to enhance the efficiency of information seeking process through flexible query option and well conceptually organized structure of documents inside the repository for researchers. Adding semantic technologies to the educational repository of the institution will add support for the functions carried out by the various roles involved in knowledge development and dissemination in academic institutions.

This paper presents the design of a DVB-T2 modulator algorithm supporting multiple PLP and auxiliary streams. The algorithm works over an asynchronous modulator design, presenting per stream scheduling policies, T2 Frames capacity management, and DFL computation. A software tool was developed in order to create system configurations, validate input parameters, and manage per stream capacity distribution, according to proposed scheduling policies.

Now-a-days many organizations generate and share descriptive and textual data of their products, services, and actions. Such type of collections of textual data contain significant amount of structured information, which remains saved in the unstructured text. While information extraction algorithms facilitate the extraction of structured relations in an very expensive and inaccurate way especially when operating on top of text that does not contain any instances of the targeted structured information. There are many alternative approaches that facilitate the generation of the structured metadata by identifying documents that are likely to contain information of interest and this information is going to be subsequently useful for querying the database which relies on the idea that humans are more likely to add the necessary metadata during creation time. This can be done like prompting by the interface; or that it should made much easier for humans (and/or algorithms) to identify the metadata when such information actually exists in the document, instead of naively prompting users to fill in forms with information that is not available in the document. There are different algorithms that identify structured attributes that are likely to appear within the document, by jointly utilizing the content of the text and the query workload.

Recognized as one the most serious security threats on current Internet infrastructure, botnets can not only be implemented by existing well known applications, e.g. IRC, HTTP, or Peer-to-Peer, but also can be constructed by unknown or creative applications, which makes the botnet detection a challenging problem. Previous attempts for detecting botnets are mostly to examine traffic content for bot command on selected network links or by setting up honeypots. Traffic content, however, can be encrypted with the evolution of botnet, and as a result leading to a fail of content based detection approaches. In this paper, we address this issue and propose a new approach for detecting and clustering botnet traffic on largescale network application communities, in which we first classify the network traffic into different applications by using traffic payload signatures, and then a novel decision tree model is used to classify those traffic to be unknown by the payload content (e.g. encrypted traffic) into known application communities where network traffic is clustered based on n-gram features selected and extracted from the content of network flows in order to differentiate the malicious botnet traffic created by bots from normal traffic generated by human beings on each specific application. We evaluate our approach with seven different traffic trace collected on three different network links and results show the proposed approach successfully detects two IRC botnet traffic traces with a high detection rate and an acceptable low false alarm rate.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the future of mankind, which in positive terms, is compared to a "New Industrial Revolution". However, as Ross (2018) points out, the fact that an algorithm guides intimate aspects of our lives is shocking. A utopian but true idea, because in everyday life educators are "Translators" i.e. manufacturers of algorithms for teaching in the info sphere... If only we thought about search engines, which no longer give only information, but explanations, we would realize that society no longer requires skills, but rather "Excellence": The new communication belongs to the NLG languages and, therefore, the transmission is done through synthetic, standardized and non-compositional techniques and by areas...As Languages evolves, "Knowledge" is described by formal grammars and entrusted to technologies. The new communication delegates the elevation of the languages of Natural Language Generation (NLG) to the mathematical, technological and human sciences. The team follows the models:-Scaramuzzino (2016) with an explanation of the phono-morphic-syntactic and semantic characteristics of the languages LSP; Bernardini (2010) which explains the question of the replacement of L1 in L2 for the predictive detection of belonging of the ESP to the LSP. The focal parts of the research are: 1) information retrieval through the description of models; 2) retrieval techniques and new systems of text retrieval and description of digital intelligences) 3 conjecture of the epistemological status of ESP and at the same time of belonging to the LSP codes.

Nowadays, the video documents like educational courses available on the web increases significantly. However, the information retrieval systems today can not return to the users (students or teachers) of parts of those videos that meet their exact needs expressed by a query consisting of semantic information. In this paper, we present a model of pedagogical knowledge of current videos. This knowledge is used throughout the process of indexing and semantic search segments instructional videos. Our experimental results show that the proposed approach is promising.

A n immeasurable amount of multimedia information is available today-in digital archives, on the Web, in broadcast data streams, and in personal and professional databases-and this amount continues to grow. Yet, the value of that information depends on how easily we can manage, find, retrieve, access, and filter it. The transition between two millennia abounds with new ways to produce, offer, filter, search, and manage digitized multimedia information.

We propose an educational metadata schema for use with mobile learning. The development of metadata schemas has been at the core of the learning technology standardisation process. These proposals have been aimed at conventional eLearning on a desktop computer in a formal training and teaching environment. Our aim has been to specify a metadata schema, based on the existing IEEE Learning Object Metadata and IMS Learner Information Profile standards, to cover mobile and informal learning scenarios. In this paper we describe the design process of the Mobile Learning Metadata (MLM) schema; we explain the new fields and structures introduced or amended with the reasons behind them.

On multicore systems, contention for shared resources occurs when memory-intensive threads are co-scheduled on cores that share parts of the memory hierarchy, such as last-level caches and memory controllers. Previous work investigated how contention could be addressed via scheduling. A contention-aware scheduler separates competing threads onto separate memory hierarchy domains to eliminate resource sharing and, as a consequence, to mitigate contention. However, all previous work on contention-aware scheduling assumed that the underlying system is UMA (uniform memory access latencies, single memory controller). Modern multicore systems, however, are NUMA, which means that they feature non-uniform memory access latencies and multiple memory controllers. We discovered that state-of-the-art contention management algorithms fail to be effective on NUMA systems and may even hurt performance relative to a default OS scheduler. In this paper we investigate the causes for this behavior and design the first contention-aware algorithm for NUMA systems.

The emerging Model-Driven Engineering paradigm advocates the use of models as first-class citizens in the software development process, while artifacts such as documentation and source-code can be quickly produced from those models by using automated transformations. One of the many types of deployment platforms that can potentially benefit from such model-driven approaches are Content Management Systems, as these approaches can significantly accelerate the development of new web-applications and features, as well as simplify their maintenance. This work proposes the creation of a model-driven approach for the development of web-applications based on Content Management Systems. This approach is based on the creation of two modeling languages (which are situated at different levels of abstraction, and are used to both quickly model a web-application and provide a common ground for the creation of additional languages), and a mechanism for the processing of models specified using those languages. The current results of this work so far are the development of a Content Management System that effectively supports web-applications of medium complexity, and the creation of a reference case study that will be used to validate this work.

Multimedia content adaptation has become important due to many devices with different amounts of resources like display sizes, memories, and computation capabilities. Existing studies perform content adaptation on web pages and other media files that have the same start times and durations. In this paper, we present a content adaptation method for multimedia presentations constituting media files with different start times and durations. We perform adaptation based on preferences and temporal constraints specified by authors and generate an order of importance among media files. Our method can automatically generate layouts by computing the locations, start times, and durations of the media files. We compare three solutions to generate layouts: 1) exhaustive search, 2) dynamic programming, and 3) greedy algorithms. We analyze the presentations by varying screen resolutions, media files, preferences, and temporal constraints. Our analysis shows that screen utilizations are 92%, 85%, and 80% for the three methods, respectively. The time to generate layouts for a presentation with 100 media files is 1200, 17, and 10 s, respectively, for the three methods.

Tim is recognised as a leader in the introduction of Internet technologies to the EDI and ecommerce marketplace in Australia. More recently, Tim led the Quality Review Team for the ebXML initiative, was a member of the ebXML Steering Committee and is a co-author of Professional ebXML Foundations from Wrox Press. Tim is currently the Chair of the Library Content subcommittee of the OASIS Universal Business Language (UBL).

This paper presents how efficiently the data can beretrieved from wide sparse table.The term wide sparse table refers to database table which consists of several attribute values.In traditional database we useSQLqueries to retrieve the data.There are several existing mapping techniques that deliver satisfactory query performance. Here the concept of indexing is used to map XML data to widesparse database.Also we translate XML queries into SQL queries.

SOCCOMAS is a ready-to-use Semantic Ontology-Controlled Content Management System (http://escience.biowikifarm.net/wiki/SOCCOMAS). Each web content management system (WCMS) run by SOCCOMAS is controlled by a set of ontologies and an accompanying Java-based middleware with the data housed in a Jena tuple store. The ontologies describe the behavior of the WCMS, including all of its input forms, input controls, data schemes and workflow processes (Fig. 1). Data is organized into different types of data entries, which represent collections of data referring to a particular material entity, for instance an individual specimen. SOCCOMAS implements a suite of general processes, which can be used to manage and organize all data entry types. One category of processes manages the life-cycle of a data entry, including all required for changing between the following possible entry states: current draft version; backup draft version; recycle bin draft version; deleted draft version; current publ...

A new, civic-minded generation of students is enrolling in college. In order to combat decreasing enrollments, computer science programs must find ways of attracting this new generation. Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) provides an outstanding example of how individuals can collaborate to contribute to the greater good, and it provides a solid basis for integrating service learning into the computing curriculum. Content Management Systems (CMS) are the most popular type of free and open source software used in the nonprofit sector. Students can easily utilize open source CMS tools to build powerful web sites for organizations that provide community and humanitarian services. Such projects allow students to become involved with civic service and to fulfill their desire to contribute to their community.

In 2012, as result of the university assessment and accreditation process, it was determined the need to create a Web portal as part of the strategy of internal and external communication for the Centro Regional Universitario de Veraguas (CRUV). The objective of this work consisted of using the methodology of Web development of John December to propose a Web portal of CRUV. The proposal included the application of six processes (planning, analysis, design, implementation, promotion and innovation) and the definition of six elements of information (purpose statement, audience statement, objective statement, domain information, webspecification and web presentation) described in the methodology. The recommended technology for the implementation considers the context of the CRUV, it was based on the Content Management System (CMS) Open Source Joomla. The main result is to offer a Web portal model applicable to others similar academic unit.En el año 2012, producto del proceso de evaluac...

In modern society where digital technology prevails, the combination of Information and Communication technology (ICT) and the various human activities created the term e-services. This paper presents an e-culture services portal, focusing on e-culture applications like e-literature, e-gallery and music servers. The user-visitor has the opportunity to navigate through its pages which contain a large amount of information about Greek literature, galleries and music in the form of text, images and sound. Although it started as an early e-culture application, today it has been updated with new web-based technologies, in order to be accessible by people with visual disabilities, using dynamical techniques for content management. Its goals are mainly to make the so-called "Information for All" scheme a palpable reality and secondly to spread the aforementioned Greek cultural heritage aspects to a global level.

Applying subsurface simulation codes to understand heterogeneous flow and transport problems is a complex process potentially involving multiple models, multiple scales, and spanning multiple scientific disciplines. A typical end-to-end process involves many tools, scripts and data sources usually shared only though informal channels. Additionally, the process contains many sub-processes that are repeated frequently and could be automated and shared. Finally, keeping records of the models, processes, and correlation between inputs and outputs is currently manual, time consuming and error prone. We are developing a software framework that integrates a workflow execution environment, shared data repository, and analysis and visualization tools to support development and use of new hybrid subsurface simulation codes. We are taking advantage of recent advances in scientific process automation using the Kepler system and advances in data services based on content management. Extensibility and flexibility are key underlying design considerations to support the constantly changing set of tools, scripts, and models available. We describe the architecture and components of this system with early examples of applying it to a continuum subsurface model.

The first decade of the twenty-first century was a big one for climate science and policy. Climate change steadily rose on the policy agenda of nations, regions, states, and cities. Ironically, it was also the decade in which public opinion vacillated on the reality of climate change and its human causation. Public opinion surveys dipped to new lows in the US, the UK, and Australia at the end of 2009 (Hanson 2009; Riddell and Webster 2009; Pew Research Center 2009b). Amidst what was called the greatest economic 'downturn' since the Great Depression, and a cooler, less extreme year in many regions across the globe, public concern about global warming dropped significantly even as scientific findings of accelerating impacts proliferated (e.g. Solomon et al. 2007). Commentators suggest the world is seeing a case of 'apocalypse fatigue' (Nordhaus and Shellenberger 2009). This state of public opinion raises critical questions as to the effectiveness of twenty or more years of public education, outreach, and engagement approaches used to render a complex scientific issue meaningful and actionable for lay audiences. A growing body of literature on public attitudes, as well as on other aspects of the communication process, can help us understand not only the larger trends in public opinion, but also the challenges and opportunities for more effective approaches to climate change communication. While we are also concerned about the seeming lack of public engagement, we don't agree with the superficial diagnoses (and frequently implied disdain) that lay publics apparently don't care or don't 'get it.' Instead, we believe important insights can be gained from better understanding the way climate change has been communicated to date and how this communication has been received and interpreted. Based on these insights, we see something of a 'perfect storm' that has made communication of climate change so challenging, and thus limited its role in enabling public engagement and support for action: the characteristics of

Perception of icons is one of the most important elements of graphical user interface in information systems affected by personal and environmental factors, including users' mental models. The present study tended to investigate factors affecting on the users' mental models of icons in digital library software. This is an applied research using qualitive and quantitive approach. The tool for gathering data in quantitive section is researcher-made questionnaire and in qualitive section is semi-structured interview. The participants consisted of B.A. and M.A. students of knowledge and information science in

Semantic web and grid technologies offer a promising approach to facilitate semantic information retrieval based on heterogeneous document repositories. In this paper the authors describe the design and implementation of an Ontology Server (OS) component to be used in a distributed contents management grid system. Such a system could be used to build collection document repositories, mutually interoperable at the semantic level. From the contents point of view, the distributed system is built as a collection of multimedia documents repository nodes glued together by an OS. A set of methodologies and tools to organize the knowledge space around the notion of contents community is developed, where each content provider will publish a set of ontologies to collect metadata information organized and published through a knowledge community, built on top of the OS. These methodologies were deployed while setting up a prototype to connect about 20 museums in the city of Naples (Italy).

The rapid growth of the World Wide Web and the Internet has fueled interest in Web services and the Semantic Web, which are quickly becoming important parts of modern electronic commerce systems. An interesting segment of the Web services domain are the facilities for document manipulation including Web search, information monitoring, data extraction, and page comparison. These services are built on common functional components that can preprocess large numbers of Web pages, parsing them into internal storage and processing formats. If a Web service is to operate on the scale of the Web, it must handle this storage and processing efficiently. In this paper, we introduce Page Digest, a mechanism for efficient storage and processing of Web documents. The Page Digest design encourages a clean separation of the structural elements of Web documents from their content. Its encoding transformation produces many of the advantages of traditional string digest schemes yet remains invertible without introducing significant additional cost or complexity. Our experimental results show that the Page Digest encoding can provide at least an order of magnitude speedup when traversing a Web document as compared to using a standard Document Object Model implementation for data management. Similar gains can be realized when comparing two arbitrary Web documents. To understand the benefits of the Page Digest encoding and its impact on the performance of Web services, we examine a Web service for Internet-scale information monitoring-Sdiff. Sdiff leverages the Page Digest encoding to perform structurally-aware change detection and comparison of arbitrary Web documents. Our experiments show that change detection using Page Digest operates in linear time, offering 75% improvement in execution performance compared with existing systems. In addition, the Page Digest encoding can reduce the tag name redundancy found in Web documents, allowing 30% to 50% reduction in document size for Web documents especially XML documents.

In an effort to differentiate service quality, service providers have resorted to employing Content Distribution Networks (CDNs) over the Internet. CDNs deploy geographically distributed proxy servers which manage content on behalf of the service provider's servers for better performance and enhanced availability. In this paper we explore the proxy placement problem for content distribution over the Internet. Its goal is to strategically place a number of proxies in the network to optimize certain criteria which improve performance of proxies. We motivate the various necessary factors and constraints that need to be taken into account for a good placement of proxies over the Internet which reflect real world scenario more accurately and which we claim hitherto has not been completely addressed. We introduce a novel concept of host coverage characterizing every Autonomous Systems (AS) and use this stable, coarse grained measure as a long-term estimate of the load being serviced by the proxy system. We then pose an optimal formulation of the proxy placement problem taking into consideration all the relevant factors. We propose a couple of proxy placement algorithms that solve the above problem and analyze their behavior. Finally we present the performance of those algorithms against the optimal solution and other schemes proposed in literature. We also study the stability of the proposed algorithms through a variety of experiments.

As technological developments continue to enable broader adoption of geographically-distributed collaboration practices in academic, industrial, governmental and non-profit organizations around the world, it has become critical for scholars and practitioners to be able to assess and predict the effectiveness of virtual organizations (VOs) and the global virtual teams (GVTs) that comprise them. This study provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the social and technical factors thought to influence VOs and GVTs, and proposes an integrative ten-factor sociotechnical model for their study and implementation. We then use computerassisted content analysis to validate the model on a large sample of interdisciplinary literature. Finally, we provide recommendations for further empirical testing of the model on existing virtual organizations. From this work, we hope to encourage a more comprehensive understanding of the social and technical factors affecting VOs. 3. A foundation on a five-point model The Theory of Remote Scientific Collaboration (TORSC), derived from National Science Foundation (NSF) studies in the fields of collaborative communication and the sociology of science as well as from the Science of Collaboratories (SOC) project identifies five major clusters of socio-technical

As technological developments continue to enable broader adoption of geographically-distributed collaboration practices in academic, industrial, governmental and non-profit organizations around the world, it has become critical for scholars and practitioners to be able to assess and predict the effectiveness of virtual organizations (VOs) and the global virtual teams (GVTs) that comprise them. This study provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the social and technical factors thought to influence VOs and GVTs, and proposes an integrative ten-factor sociotechnical model for their study and implementation. We then use computerassisted content analysis to validate the model on a large sample of interdisciplinary literature. Finally, we provide recommendations for further empirical testing of the model on existing virtual organizations. From this work, we hope to encourage a more comprehensive understanding of the social and technical factors affecting VOs. 3. A foundation on a five-point model The Theory of Remote Scientific Collaboration (TORSC), derived from National Science Foundation (NSF) studies in the fields of collaborative communication and the sociology of science as well as from the Science of Collaboratories (SOC) project identifies five major clusters of socio-technical

Providers of products and services are faced with the dual challenge of supporting the languages and individual needs of the global customer while also accommodating the increasing relevance of user-generated content. As a result, the content and localisation industries must now evolve rapidly from manually processing predicable content which arrives in large jobs to the highly automated processing of streams of fast moving, heterogeneous and unpredictable content. This requires a new generation of digital content management technologies that combine the agile flow of content from developers to localisers and consumers with the data-driven language technologies needed to handle the volume of content required to feed the demands of global markets. Data-driven technologies such as statistical machine translation, cross-lingual information retrieval, sentiment analysis and automatic speech recognition, all rely on high quality training content, which in turn must be continually harvest...

Translation is an important part of communication process. It is the replacement of the representation any text in one language by another representation of text that is considered to be equivalent to second language. Any model of communication is at the same time a model of translation with a vertical or horizontal transfer of significant messages. Like any other communicator, a translator too lives in the world of memory, meaning and language. In any communication process language plays an important role. Languages are different from each other. They are different in their formation with distinct codes and rules. Today’s communication revolution has been greatly influenced by the translation process. Distribution of information via different media heavily depends on new technologies, where these technologies are influenced by global translation industry. The growth of multi lingual news media demands news writing in multi-languages for international media houses, press networks, television channels, social media, blogs, wikis, etc. With the advancement of modern information technologies, our world today is widely interconnected; which resulted in the formation of a modern ‘Global Village.’ McLuhan’s concept has been structured by this translation industry. Translations are essential whenever the communicators require to disseminate information input across the globe in different languages.