Methanolic Extract

Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels from subsequent capillaries and circulating endothelial precursors. Makahiya (Mimosa pudica Linn) is a ground cover plant from legume family which is abundant in the Philippines and is known for its therapeutic significance. This study aims to examine the angiogenesis modulatory activity of Makahiya (Mimosa pudica Linn) methanolic leaf extract in the duck embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM).The setups were composed of a retinol as positive control, distilled water as negative control, Mimosa pudica methanolic leaf extract in 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL and 40 mg/mL concentrations. The different concentrations were applied on the 8th day of duck eggs. The antiangiogenic effect of Mimosa pudica was determined by taking the mean number of vascular density which was attained after two days of experimental manipulation. Results shows that the inhibition of angiogenesis was significantly reduced with the Mimosa pudica methanolic leaf extracts concentration, with 40 mg/mL ranks the highest inhibition percentage. It also showed that the dosage is directly proportional to the inhibition percentage but inversely proportional to the number of branch points. Thus, Mimosa pudica showed promising potential as Angiogenesis inhibitor.

Keywords: Angiogenesis, Chorioallantoic membrane, Endothelium, Mimosa pudica

Morphometrics is a quantitative analysis of the physical form, which encompasses size and shape of a certain studied object such as duck embryo. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Makahiya (Mimosa pudica) methanolic leaf extract in relation to the overall growth and development of the duck (Anas platyrhynchos) embryos. Eight day old duck eggs were administered by increasing concentrations of Makahiya (Mimosa pudica) methanolic leaf extract (10 mg mL-1, 20 mg mL-1, and 40 mg mL-1) and controls (positive-retinol; negative-distilled water) through the eggs’  chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). The eggs were opened on embryonic day 10 and the embryos were evaluated for body weights and various morphometric changes. The treated embryos exhibited slightly dose-related growth retardation, as reflected by significant reductions of embryonic body weight, crown-rump lengths, head-beak lengths, forelimb lengths, and hind-limb lengths in comparison to negative control, nevertheless the overall morphometric features for the treated samples were found to be normal. Also, the result implies that as the concentration increases the duck morphometry slightly decreases. These findings suggest that Makahiya (Mimosa pudica) methanolic leaf extract exhibit benign embryotoxic effect on the developing duck embryos in terms of growth retardation. Thus, the present study corroborated the authors’ previous study on Makahiya (Mimosa pudica) methanolic leaf extract as an angiogenesis inhibitor which can be a promising anti-tumor agent.

Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.

Background and objectives: Microbial resistance to antibiotics is one of the most common problems in the health care system. Therefore, many efforts have been performed to find new compounds as antimicrobial compounds. This study carried out to investigate the in-vitro antibacterial effect of methanolic extract of peppermint on standard Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Methods: In this experimental laboratory study, after collecting and performing pharmacognosy evaluations, methanolic extract of the peppermint plant was prepared and its antimicrobial effects on several bacteria were determined at concentrations of 20 to 400 mg/ml using the agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. The test was repeated five times for each bacterium and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The methanolic extract of peppermint had antimicrobial effects against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest effect was observed in S. aureus and the least in P. aeruginosa. MIC and MBC of methanol extract on S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa were 6.5-15.5, 15.5-25, 50-100, and 100-200 mg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that peppermint extract can be considered as an antibacterial medicinal herb and that if the concentration of the extract increases, its antibacterial properties will also increase. Thus, it can be used as an alternative to the usual chemical drugs in the treatment of infections after evaluating their effects in vitro.