Scientific Visualization

3
rd International Conference on Data Mining & Machine Learning (DMML 2022) will act as
a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research
projects in the areas of Data Mining and Machine Learning. It will also serve to facilitate the
exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues
and advancement in the area of Big Data and Machine Learning.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research
results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in
Data Mining and Machine Learning.

At the beginning, HEP experiments made use of photographical images both to record and store experimental data and to illustrate their findings. Then the experiments evolved and needed to find ways to visualize their data. With the availability of computer graphics, software packages to display event data and the detector geometry started to be developed. Here, an overview of the usage of event display tools in HEP is presented. Then the case of the ATLAS experiment is considered in more detail and two widely used event display packages are presented, Atlantis and VP1, focusing on the software technologies they employ, as well as their strengths, differences and their usage in the experiment: from physics analysis to detector development, and from online monitoring to outreach and communication. Towards the end, the other ATLAS visualization tools will be briefly presented as well. Future development plans and improvements in the ATLAS event display packages will also be discussed.

The modernization of energy infrastructure otherwise
called Power Grid, with integration of renewable energy
sources like Solar, Wind has emerged as a key focus area
across the world. Over 1.2 billion people do not have access
to electricity which incudes over 550 million people in Africa
and 300 million in India. Further to this situation, the report
from International Energy Agency forecasts power generation
from renewable energy sources to nearly triple from year 2010
to 2035 reaching 31%. Microgrid or Distributed Energy Island
System plays a vital role to overcome these challenges. Microgrid,
which comprises of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) serving
few community loads, are key enabler for renewable integration.
These systems also play a significant role in rural electrification.
These systems can be operated in semiautonomous manner or in
autonomous/islanding mode. Some of the operational scenarios in
these systems are related to modernization of power systems and
hence explorative. This leaves a huge potential for Industry and
academia collaborative approach. The purpose of this study is to
analyze the operational scenarios both existing or new and how
the visualization tools and ecosystem play a major role in the
direction of collaboration and optimization that leads to benefit
the community in the future.

Negli ultimi decenni la relazione tra design e scienza si è rafforzata in diversi settori. Questo lavoro cerca di indagare come designers e scienziati possano collaborare allo sviluppo di prodotti visivi che comunichino la complessità della ricerca senza impoverirla, deviarla o snaturarla; inoltre, indaga un metodo di progettazione che faciliti la collaborazione tra questi professionisti e lo applica nello sviluppo di una campagna di divulgazione scientifica sulla meromissi crenogenica del lago di Cadagno, nella Val Piora (Svizzera).

This is the penultimate typescript of Chapter 2 _of Scientific Communication: Practices, Theories, and Pedagogies_, edited by Han Yu and Kathy Northcut. The chapter attempts to contribute to our understanding of scientific communication by exploring the ethics of scientific authorship. Specifically, we explore the historical, practical and theoretical implications of the (non)decision of the Office of Research Integrity (ORI), the nation's highest ethical office, not to include authorship issues in its definition of research misconduct.


Formed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in 1992, the ORI defines research misconduct as "fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism" (FFP). However, a host of other authorship issues in addition to plagiarism are important in science (e.g., authorship credit, author order, etc.) and are regularly encountered and often violated by scientists. However, our research also reveals that there are many sources of ethics in scientific communication-some in conflict with each other, just as the ethics are often in tension (e.g., the drive for originality and credit vs. the need to collaborate and share)-and that scientific organizations and journals, combined with social, personal, and other systems of morality and values, create "ethical lines and fields of force." It is within these shifting ethical fields of force, rather than the power of the ORI, that scientists work every day. (In this, we recognize of both Actor-Network Theory, and posthumanistic understandings of the limitations of human agency in continuously emergent and mostly unpredictable ecologies, here applied specifically scientific/authorship ethics.) 


The ORI's decision to exclude authorship ethics other than plagiarism provides a unique opportunity to interrogate the supposed and real power of the ORI; to begin to map the ethical lines and fields of force that impinge on scientists; and to explore the role and implications of ethics in authorship as a fundamental concern in scientific research as well as communication.

https://towardsdatascience.com/data-smoothing-for-data-science-visualization-the-goldilocks-trio-part-1-867765050615

Making peace with piecewise. We've all heard that information is beautiful. But then life happens, and we find ourselves trying to prettify the mess that often is reality…

The Witte Museum, science, and history museum in San Antonio, provided an arena and raised funding for the Bureau of Economic Geology to prepare a visualization of flow processes in the Edwards aquifer as part of the Wittes 2005 special exhibit focusing on the Edwards aquifer World of Water. The visualization became part of the permanent exhibit in 2006. Museum staff, working with a community advisory board, requested a virtual field trip through the aquifer following rainfall in the recharge zone though flow paths within the aquifer to discharge at San Marcus Springs. In the Museum, the visualization is presented in a cave environment, which is a curved 3-screen, 3-projector system that surrounds the viewer and occupies one’s peripheral vision to provide an immersive viewpoint, as if the viewer is experiencing the trip themselves. To show at the Austin Geological Survey poster session, we have prepared a single screen version.

We propose an interactive electronic biopsy technique for more accurate colon cancer diagnoses by using advanced volume rendering technologies in computer graphics. The volume rendering technique defines a transfer function to map different ranges of sample values of the original volume data to different colors and opacities, so that the interior structure of the polyps can be clearly recognized by human eyes. Specifically, we provide a user-friendly interface for physicians to modify various parameters in the transfer function, so that the physician can interactively change the transfer function to observe the interior structures inside the abnormalities. Furthermore, to speed up the volume rendering procedure, we propose an efficient space-leaping technique by observing that the camera parameters are often fixed when the physician modifies the transfer function. In addition, we provide an important tool to display the original 2D CT image at the current 3D camera position, so that...

This is the catalog for a 2019 exhibition at the Radcliffe Institute featuring Dario Robleto's work on the nineteenth-century history of the pulse wave as a graphic expression of internal life. Robleto explores the profundity and confusion of this moment, when ineffable sensory and emotional experiences were first made visible as data. The essay pursues a deep investigation of just one of the waveforms on display: a single cerebral pulse wave recorded by Angelo Mosso and his subject Michele Bertino in Turin in 1877.

This Impact Report identifies and summarises the diverse impacts, resulting from the £500m of UK funding of Science and Technology in 2013, using numerous quantitative metrics and short case study extracts.  It shows how the varied impacts of a national science and technology organization and its many funded programmes can be annually identified, captured, tracked, and summarised in a public document.

The report was produced for, and by, the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) -  the UK Research Council responsible for funding: (1) all UK astronomy, particle and nuclear physics research, (2) related UK science and technology facilities (e.g. as Harwell and Daresbury), (3) the UK contribution to international science (e.g. CERN, international telescopes and space missions), (4) innovation and business spin-off programmes, and (5) UK public engagement activities.

The Report was co-researched and co-authored by the STFC Impact Team, including myself while Impact Evaluation Manager in 2013, with Dr. Claire Dougan-McCallie (lead author/Head of Impact) and Jenny Beard, with additional input from senior managers, and many data and case study contributions from other key managers across STFC.

Varied key impacts are identified and reported including:

• Research amongst the best (by citation impact) in astronomy, nuclear and particle physics.
• Supported research of 226 Principal Investigators in 70 universities, led to 1,100 peer-reviewed papers in 2012.
• Facilities (the Diamond Light Source, ISIS and CLF) were used in 2012/13 by over 4,200 unique users , in over 2,400 experiments, producing over 1,000 papers in peer-reviewed journals.

• Technology from CERN benefited the UK economy by over £100 billion every year.
• Funding the development of the UK’s space, internet and computer animation industries, returned over £500 billion to the UK economy per annum.
• Funded Innovation Campuses hosted over 230 enterprises and supported over 5,000 jobs.
• UK industry won £43 million in contracts from the international subscriptions funded, and had accumulated a total of £150 million since 2005.

• Funded research inspired future generations to study STEM subjects, attracting 90% of UK undergraduates to study physics, funded 782 PhD students  and 16,800 student training days.
• Between 2009 to 2012 public engagement programmes engaged people on 58 million occasions, with 2 million people engaged in face-to-face activities in 2013 alone.

Mere distribution and accumulation of facts, and many more so-called facts, I consider possessive teaching and learning, challenging memory more than imagination, placing theory before practice, and retrospection before creation, and thus "re-search" before search.Josef Albers, Search Versus Re-Search (Albers, 1969, p. 13)Josef Albers-design seacher/re-searcher?To make a vast understatement, Josef Albers was a talented individual. His art is world renown. But far from being a narrow specialist, he succeeded in multiple roles: teacher, artist, designer, and as this paper will argue - researcher.When viewed from a career perspective, Albers' CV would say he was foremost a teacher. Indeed, most of his life was spent teaching first in elementary school, then art and design at the Bauhaus, at Black Mountain College, and finally at Yale University (Horowitz & Danilowitz, 2006). Interaction of Color (abbreviated here IC) was his most comprehensive record of his teaching. More...

This is the first page of the paper "Coloring the Fourth Dimension. Coloring Polytopes and Complex Curves at the End of the Nineteenth Century", which deals with the epistemological roles and functions of color in mathematics during the 19th century., concentrating on two examples: the well known example of 4-dimensional polytopes, and the less well known example of complex curves.

* Published in: Science in Color: Visualizing Achromatic Knowlegde (ed. by: Bettina Bock von Wulfingen), 2019, de Gruyter, p. 81-97

Literature on the modeling and simulation of complex adaptive systems (cas) has primarily advanced vertically in different scientific domains with scientists developing a variety of domain-specific approaches and applications. However, while cas researchers are inherently interested in an interdisciplinary comparison of models, to the best of our knowledge, there is currently no single unified framework for facilitating the development, comparison, communication and validation of models across different scientific domains. In this thesis, we propose first steps towards such a unified framework using a combination of agent-based and complex network-based modeling approaches and guidelines formulated in the form of a set of four levels of usage, which allow multidisciplinary researchers to adopt a suitable framework level on the basis of available data types, their research study objectives and expected outcomes, thus allowing them to better plan and conduct their respective research case studies. Firstly, the complex network modeling level of the proposed framework entails the development of appropriate complex network models for the case where interaction data of cas components is available, with the aim of detecting emergent patterns in the cas under study. The exploratory agent-based modeling level of the proposed framework allows for the development of proof-of-concept models for the cas system, primarily for purposes of exploring feasibility of further research. Descriptive agent-based modeling level of the proposed framework allows for the use of a formal step-by-step approach for developing agent-based models coupled with a quantitative complex network and pseudocode-based specification of the model, which will, in turn, facilitate interdisciplinary cas model comparison and knowledge transfer. Finally, the validated agent-based modeling level of the proposed framework is concerned with the building of in-simulation verification and validation of agent-based models using a proposed Virtual Overlay Multiagent System approach for use in a systematic team-oriented approach to developing models. The proposed framework is evaluated and validated using seven detailed case study examples selected from various scientific domains including ecology, social sciences and a range of complex adaptive communication networks. The successful case studies demonstrate the potential of the framework in appealing to multidisciplinary researchers as a methodological approach to the modeling and simulation of cas by facilitating effective communication and knowledge transfer across scientific disciplines without the requirement of extensive learning curves.

Deep learning and image processing are two areas of great interest to academics and industry professionals alike. The areas of application of these two disciplines range widely, encompassing fields such as medicine, robotics, and security and surveillance. The aim of this book, 'Deep Learning for Image Processing Applications', is to offer concepts from these two areas in the same platform, and the book brings together the shared ideas of professionals from academia and research about problems and solutions relating to the multifaceted aspects of the two disciplines. The first chapter provides an introduction to deep learning, and serves as the basis for much of what follows in the subsequent chapters, which cover subjects including: the application of deep neural networks for image classification; hand gesture recognition in robotics; deep learning techniques for image retrieval; disease detection using deep learning techniques; and the comparative analysis of deep data and big data. The book will be of interest to all those whose work involves the use of deep learning and image processing techniques

This book is intended to answer the question “What role and impact do images have in scientific research?”. In these pages, scientific images are explored as experimental devices (in laboratories), as instruments of proof (in mathematical logic), as argumentation (in dissemination literature), and in their interactions with other fields, like art and aesthetics. In these pages, epistemologists and language scientists will find methodologies that can be used to study the relation between images and knowledge; and scientific imaging experts will find their visualisation practices being questioned down to the fine details.

We discuss rare early depictions of the Moon by artists who actually observed Earth's nearest neighbor rather than relying on stylized formulas. The earliest, from the 14th and 15th centuries, reveal that revolutionary advances in both pre-telescopic astronomy and naturalistic painting could go hand-in-hand. This link suggests that when painters observed the world, their definition of world could also include the heavens and the Moon. Many of the artists we discuss - e.g., Pietro Lorenzetti, Giotto, and Jan Van Eyck - actually studied the Moon, incorporating their studies into several works. We also consider the star map on the dome over the altar in the Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo, Florence (c. 1442), whose likely advisor was Toscanelli. In addition, we examine representations by artists who painted for Popes Julius II and Leo X - Raphael and Sebastiano del Piombo, both of whom were influenced by individuals at the papal court, such as the astronomer, painter, and cartographer Johann (Giovanni) Ruysch and Leonardo da Vinci. We also discuss Leonardo's pre-telescopic notes and lunar drawings as they impacted on art and science in Florence, where Galileo would study perspective and chiaroscuro. Galileo's representations of the Moon (engraved in his Sidereus Nuncius, 1610) are noted, together with those by Harriot and Galileo's friend, the painter Cigoli. During the 17th century, the Moon's features were telescopically mapped by astronomers with repercussions in art, e.g., paintings by Donati Creti and Raimondo Manzini as well as Adam Elsheimer. Ending with a consideration of the 19th-century artists/astronomers John Russell and John Brett and early lunar photography, we demonstrate that artistic and scientific visual acuity belonged to the burgeoning empiricism of the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries that eventually yielded modern observational astronomy.