radio frequency identification (RFID)

Nowadays road traffic in all urban and in national highways are increased and  which leads to the accidents. The road traffic is controlled by using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology [1][2]. The RFID sensor, sense the data about the vehicle which is near the signals and sends it to the controller. The controller receives the signal from the sensor to his/her smart phone and controls the traffic using his smart phone according to the emergency vehicles priority in the traffic. In this paper, the priority is given to the emergency vehicle to save the human life. This technology can be enhanced in big cities with huge traffic congestion. Furthermore, this paper can reduce the traffic congestion during the arrival of emergency vehicles to save the human life and to reach the appropriate destination. The algorithm which is used in this paper is Priority Based Control Algorithm to control the traffic in roads specifically for the emergency vehicles.

This papaer entitled electronic toll collection system based on Radio Frequncy Identification System explained in detail based on current issue at toll collection system. There are some obstacles faced every day where the users spent their valuable time in queue at tollgate due to traffic congestion as well as using traditional manual method in most existing toll ETC system to collect toll from road users. Besides that, the barrier design where each vehicle stop waiting until barrier lift which consider source of time delay. To tackle stated problems, an electronic toll collection system is proposed which based on RFID technology. The integrated system consists of two main sections, electronic sides where all input data received from while database management office is where all necessary information stored. To compare the current ETC system, in this research elaborated internet of things where all data transmit through cloud and then to the main office in real time. Not only that, ...

A simple, compact, rechargeable handheld radio-frequency identifi cation (RFID) reader was designed to detect the orientation of tagged objects. The system uses a linearly polarized reader antenna and the orientation sensor of the mobile device to identify the orientation of the tag. The system works in the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) RFID band. Detailed testing was done in different surroundings with various materials and tags. The system was able to correctly identify the orientation in several cases with an average angular error of less than 10°. This system can also be used to demonstrate the concept of polarization.

Thalassaemia is a genetic blood disorder where the blood cells are unable to carry sufficient oxygen supply for the organs. The Thalassaemia has a distribution concomitant with areas where P. Falciparum malaria is common. The alpha Thalassaemia is concentrated in Southeast ...

RESUMEN: Los pagos entre las entidades postales por los servicios de gastos terminales en la distribución mundial de la correspondencia se realizarán a partir de enero del 2018 teniendo en cuenta la calidad del servicio medida en tiempos de entrega, para ello la Unión Postal Universal ha implementado un Sistema de Control Mundial (GMS) al que se unen los países miembros empleando tecnologías de identificación por radiofrecuencias (RFID). El documento describe las acciones desarrolladas para concebir, implementar y explotar una solución integral que ha posibilitado que Correos de Cuba pueda unirse a este Sistema introduciendo tecnologías RFID por pri-mera vez en Cuba que conllevó el rediseño del sistema concebido por la UPU para poder ser utilizado en las condiciones tecnológicas y legales de Cuba, garantizando la seguridad. Se exponen las experiencias en el empleo de estas tecnologías, aplicables a otras posibles actividades de ges-tión en la economía nacional, así como recomendaciones para ajustar el marco legal necesario para su empleo seguro. Palabras Clave: RFID, Calidad postal, GMS. ABSTRACT: Payments between postal entities for terminal expenses in the global distribution of correspondence will be made from January 2018 having the quality of the service measured in times of delivery, for this the Universal Postal Union has implemented a Control System (MSG) to which member countries are linked by using radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies. The document describes the actions developed to conceive, implement and use a comprehensive solution that has enabled Correos de Cuba to join this system by introducing RFID technologies for the first time in Cuba, which led to the redesign of the system conceived by the UPU to be used in the technological and legal conditions of Cuba, guaranteeing security. Experiences in the use of these technologies, applicable to other possible management activities in the national economy, as well as recommendations to adjust the legal framework necessary for their safe use are presented

Os transtornos no controle de cargas de produção circulantes impõem um desafio aos elementos participantes de um sistema logístico, principalmente no que se refere ao monitoramento do peso e volume, localização, horários e movimentação. Os departamentos responsáveis possuem dificuldades em conseguir informações rápidas e precisas sobre os veículos em trânsito, não só para efetuar o controle e o monitoramento do tráfego, mas também para fins de planejamento e segurança. Com isso, a integração de tecnologias de informação torna-se determinante para o compartilhamento do conhecimento em um sistema logístico. Nesse caso, a aplicação da tecnologia RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) é um dos fatores que pode atuar a fim de fornecer subsídios para melhor análise e gestão de riscos. A partir deste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o de abordar como um sistema logístico solucionou diferentes problemas encontrados em um processo de monitoramento de trajeto e controle de informações, por meio da tecnologia RFID. Para tanto, utilizou-se como objeto de estudo o caso do Sistema de Infraestrutura e Monitoramento de Cargas do Estado de Santa Catarina (SIMCESC). O artigo inicia com uma fundamentação teórica sobre uma série de problemáticas envolvidas em processos logísticos, seguindo com as características esperadas para o melhor funcionamento de um sistema. Em seguida, tem-se a contextualização sobre como as tecnologias de informações podem auxiliar no gerenciamento da logística, em especial o RFID. Descreve-se então o SIMCESC, com a posterior análise obtida com o cruzamento dos dados levantados da literatura, objetivando identificar como o sistema utilizou o RFID para realizar a solução dos problemas. Desse modo, pode-se verificar a contribuição da tecnologia ao caso estudado, evitando problemas comuns na logística, como atrasos de caminhão que não são informados, demora no repasse das informações à empresa e falhas no monitoramento do trajeto. Também são apontados os melhoramentos proporcionados na automatização dos processos, registro dos dados, rastreamento de cargas e a garantia de rigor e qualidade para a logística.

Disorders in controlling the production of circulating loads impose challenges to the participant elements of a logistics system, particularly with regard to monitoring weight and volume, location, time, and handling. Responsible departments have difficulties getting rapid and accurate information about the vehicles in transit, not only to perform the control and monitoring of traffic, but also for planning purposes and safety. Thus, the integration of information technology becomes decisive for knowledge sharing in a logistics system. In this case, the application of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is one of the factors that can provide subsidies for better analysis and risk management. From this context, the aim of this study was to address how a logistics system has solved other problems found in the monitoring of path process and information control using RFID technology (Radio Frequency Identification). To this end, the case of the System of Infrastructure and Monitoring of Loads of the State of Santa Catarina (SIMCESC) was used as an object of study. The article begins with a theoretical basis on a range of issues involved in logistics processes, then a list of the features expected to improve the system operation is presented. After that, it contextualizes how information technology can help manage logistics, especially RFID. Next, it describes the SIMSESC, with the subsequent analysis of the case study, in which there is a crossing of the compiled data from the literature in order to identify how the system used RFID to solve its problems. Thus, the contribution of technology to the case studied can be verified, avoiding common problems in logistics such as delays of trucks that are not informed, delays in the transfer of information to the company, and failures in the monitoring of paths. Also, we observed the improvements provided by process automation, data logging, load tracking, and guarantee of rigor and quality for logistics.

Wireless attendance monitoring system is a system developed to track student attendance during school days. This project features student's ID Card tapping in the terminal and displays student profile in the portal. An area for announcements is also added in the portal aside from sending it via SMS. More so, it also features an admin panel, including a dashboard that displays reports in graphical view for easy system monitoring as well as it has full wireless computing technology. The software and technologies used in this project are Raspberry Pi, Database Server, RFID Reader, Arduino NMCU, Python, PHP, MySQL, Bootstrap, and CSS.

Recent trends in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) embrace several smartphone applications in a variety of educational and industrial domains in the last several years. This research focuses to solve one of the promising problems of an educational domain to take attendance smartly using the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. Current attendance system in King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU) Saudi Arabia is partly solving the attendance problem. There are several problems in the existing attendance systems such as time-consuming, the chance of mistakes, truancy issues, no contact with parent/guardian and not efficient because of roll call as taking manual attendance. The proposed RFID based attendance system will provide robust, secure and automatic attendance. The proposed system will use modern technology and support to institutions and parents to deal with most of the problems of existing attendance systems. There are several other benefits of RFID based system such as web-based and mobile interfaces, daily absent report, an automatic SMS alert to parent/guardian, reduce administrative work, improve the ratio of attendance, economical and highly efficient. The case study method will be used as a research design. The proposed system is developed and tested in KAU Saudi Arabia. The proposed system will have both web and mobile interfaces. The web interface will need the Internet to access the proposed system and the mobile interface will use the Android platform for the testing scenarios. The user will access the system to generate customized reports to review the status of students for a particular course. It is anticipated that the proposed system will significantly improve students' monitoring mechanisms hence enabling both parents and teachers in making appropriate decisions.

This paper relates to the information on creating a MATLAB application with resistor value calculation program. In this application, use Graphical User Interface (GUI) for ease to use. It notes the use of color code technique to manually calculate value of resistors. This color code calculator will help to determine the value of resistors marked with color bands and tolerance band. It can be used for 3 and 4 band resistors. We can input the color of bands in the GUI and then it calculates the value of resistor and its tolerance in ohms.

Abstrak
Artikel ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan tingkat keamanan koleksi di perpustakaan dengan menggunakan teknologi baru sebagai system pendeteksi keamanan bagi bahan pustaka di perpustakaan. Teknologi yang digunakan tentunya teknologi yang ramah dan tepat guna, mudah diterima dan mudah dioperasikan oleh masyarakat dari berbagai lapisan umur dan pendidikan. Teknologi tersebut yaitu Radio Frequency IDentification yang disingkat dengan RFID. Dengan menggunakan teknologi ini perpustakaan dapat meminimalisir bahkan dapat mencegah terjadinya kecurian bahan pustaka dan dapat menjaga keamanan bahan pustaka secara maksimal. Salah satu keunggulan RFID dalam menjaga keamanan bahan pustaka yaitu dengan Label RFID yang dapat ditempel tersembunyi dalam bahan pustaka sehingga tidak diketahui oleh pemustaka tata letaknya, karena itu pemustaka tidak dapat merusak label tersebut dan bahan pustaka tidak dapat di bawa keluar secara diam – diam  dari perpustakaan saat melewati Security Gate.

Kata kunci : RFID, Label RFID, Security Gate, Teknologi

Dieser Beitrag stellt die im Rahmen der Sonderausstellung „Schahname –
Heroische Zeiten. 1000 Jahre persisches Buch der Könige“ im Museum
für Islamische Kunst entworfenen digitalen Geschichtenerzähler vor. Er
konzentriert sich vor allem auf die technische Umsetzung mit Hilfe der
RFID-Technologie, die Darstellung der multimodalen Verwendungsweise
sowie die Integration von technischen Installationen ins museale
Umfeld. Hierbei wird sowohl auf die passive als auch die aktive RFIDTechnologie
zurückgegriffen, um unterschiedliche Anwendungsfälle
abzudecken und diese zudem statistisch aus- und bewerten zu können.

Manual toll systems in India are found everywhere at present. This paper focuses on an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The main goal is to accomplish the contact less toll payment. In this thesis we will discuss RFID based Smart Toll Collection System as a solution to solve the traffic problems and also to maintain transparency of the toll collection system. The aim of the project is to design a system, which automatically identifies an approaching vehicle with the help of the RFID tag. A vehicle will hold an RFID tag with a unique identification number which is placed on the windshield of the vehicle. This number will be assigned by RTO or traffic governing authority. In accordance with this number we will store, all basic information as well as the amount he has paid in advance for the TOLL collection. Thus the reader reads the information in the tag and the transaction takes place through a centralized data base and the aftermath details of the transaction is intimated to the user’s mobile through GSM technology.

The recent developments in technology that permits the use of radio frequency (RF) technology such as Bluetooth, and radio spectrum have enabled different devices to have capabilities of communicating with each other. Radio frequency (RF) is a new technology, which has at its center, the goal of eliminating wired communication among electronic devices. Instead of connecting with wires, every appliance has small RF transmitter/receivers.

There has been a revolution in tracking and tracing of products and goods in the supply chain using passive radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. Recommendations to the suppliers have been released to various major retailers and government agencies after realizing the potential of RFID systems. This paper outlines some research done to identify a set of parameters which can help us in comparing the performance of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) passive RFID tags to be set as benchmarks. This paper is published on the notes of the above paragraph to provide a survey on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Primarily the RFID tags were developed to eventually replace barcodes in supply chains due to their advantages of being able to be read wirelessly and without line of sight, they contain more information than barcodes, and are obviously more robust. The RFID technology did not stop at item-level tagging. This paper tries to unfold the various studies and research done on the RFID beyond their just feature of being used as a tag. It tells us about the latest technology research that focuses on locating and tracking labeled objects that move using RFID. Passive radio frequency identification (RFID) systems are revolutionizing the way products and goods are tracked and traced in the supply chain. Radio frequency identification (RFID) and barcode technology are similar in some ways as they both are an automatic identification technology. Nowadays RFID is mostly involved in numerous tasks including managing supply chains, tracking livestock, preventing counterfeiting, controlling building access, and supporting automated checkout. This paper highlights the RFID technology, its working, its architecture and its applications. With the help of RFID the world is moving towards automation with reduced labor levels, enhanced visibility, and improved inventory management. This paper also underlines the different types of RFID tags. RFID is applicable in many fields like retail industry, agriculture, vehicle management, underwater applications, healthcare, smart homes and for security and safety purposes to name a few.. It enables distant identification unlike earlier bar-code technology it does not require a line of sight. This paper also addresses current RFID technology in terms of systems, components, and propagation, and provides a look forward towards its future applications.

The Real-Time College Bus Tracking Application which runs on Android smart phones is proposed. With recent technological advancement of modern science, people are now expecting the information about the location of any object for tracking purposes. Presently, more location based services are in demand for being advanced and also to save time and money. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a system which is already implemented and everyone can access it without any restriction. Having the facility of GPS to develop a system, a GPS device is needed to calculate the location from the information taken from GPS. The project helps in real time tracking of college Bus to parents as well as to college management. An Android device is chosen for the calculation of exact location because an Android mobile phone is cost effective and offers multidimensional purposes having some special features like GPS service. The proposed system also sends information to parents about their ward entry and exit from the Bus. The main purpose of the application is to provide exact location of the student's respective buses in the mobile application of the parent. It is a real time system, as the current location of the bus is updated every moment in the form of latitude and longitude which is received by the student's parent through the mobile application.

A location and tracking system becomes very important to our future world of pervasive computing, where information is all around us. Location is one of the most needed information for emerging and future applications. Since the public use of GPS satellite is allowed, several state-of-the-art devices become part of our life, e.g. a car navigator and a mobile phone with a built-in GPS receiver. However, location information for indoor environments is still very limited. Several techniques are proposed to get location information in buildings such as using a radio signal triangulation, a radio signal (beacon) emitter, or signal fingerprinting. Using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags is a new way of giving location information to users. Due to its passive communication circuit, RFID tags can be embedded almost anywhere without an energy source. The tag stores location information and gives it to any reader that is within a proximity range which can be up to 10-15 meters for UHF RFID systems. We propose an RFID-based system for navigation in a building for blind people or visually impaired. The system relies on the location information on the tag, a user's destination, and a routing server where the shortest route from the user's current location to the destination. The navigation device communicates with the routing server using GPRS networks. We build a prototype based on our design and show some results. We found that there are some delay problems in the devices which are the communication delay due to the cold start cycle of a GPRS modem and the voice delay due to the file transfer delay from MMC module.

This letter presents a smart shelf configuration for radio frequency identification (RFID) application. The proposed shelf has an embedded leaking microstrip transmission line with extended ground plane. This structure, when connected to an RFID reader, allows detecting tagged objects in close proximity with proper field confinement to avoid undesired reading of neighboring shelves. The working frequency band covers simultaneously the three world assigned RFID subbands at ultrahigh frequency (UHF). The concept is explored by full-wave simulations and it is validated with thorough experimental tests.

This article presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of a compact power-harvesting circuit. A quadrature hybrid coupler is used for this harvesting circuit because of its advantageous matching, high isolation, and lossless characteristic. It properly feeds the bridge rectifier, combining the signals received with two antennas. The bridge rectifier component is a turnout full-wave rectification from a two-wire alternative current input. The measurements found output power to be −25.5 dBm using a 5 KΩ load resistor, at 5 GHz. The transmitter antenna input power level is 7 dBm, at 50 cm distance. Both results of the Friis Equation and the measurements are in agreement. According to the results, the power-harvesting circuit can operate for wireless local area network sensor applications.

Wireless attendance monitoring system is a system developed to track student attendance during school days. This project features student's ID Card tapping in the terminal and displays student profile in the portal. An area for announcements is also added in the portal aside from sending it via SMS. More so, it also features an admin panel, including a dashboard that displays reports in graphical view for easy system monitoring as well as it has full wireless computing technology. The software and technologies used in this project are Raspberry Pi, Database Server, RFID Reader, Arduino NMCU, Python, PHP, MySQL, Bootstrap, and CSS.

In recent years, there have been rise in the number of applications based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems
and have been successfully applied to different areas as diverse as transportation, health-care, agriculture, and hospitality industry to
name a few. RFID technology facilitates automatic wireless identification using electronic passive and active tags with suitable readers
[1]. Initially RFID tags were developed to eventually replace bar codes in supply chains. Their advantages are that they can be read
wirelessly and without line of sight, contain more information than barcodes, and are more robust [2]. The paper describes the current
technology, including the frequency ranges used and standards [2].

The adoption of radio frequency identification (RFID) will create a revolutionary change in the management of a supply chain, particularly in the retail sector. The aim of this paper is to study the benefits/applications of RFID on retailers and in turn, to formulate the cost benefit analysis model which helps in adopting this technology. The findings show that RFID could be implemented in the retailing in the logistics and inventory management etc. Improved operational efficiency and effectiveness, and increased sales and profits, are the major perceived benefits, while implementation cost, compatibility with current systems, top management attitude, and staff acceptance are the key challenges. The results give retailers a better understanding of the potential benefits and challenges of adopting RFID. The retailers will, therefore, be able to make more informed decisions in operational planning and resource allocation. Moreover, the results may inspire more retailers to use this te...

Wireless attendance monitoring system is a system developed to track student attendance during school days. This project features student's ID Card tapping in the terminal and displays student profile in the portal. An area for announcements is also added in the portal aside from sending it via SMS. More so, it also features an admin panel, including a dashboard that displays reports in graphical view for easy system monitoring as well as it has full wireless computing technology. The software and technologies used in this project are Raspberry Pi, Database Server, RFID Reader, Arduino NMCU, Python, PHP, MySQL, Bootstrap, and CSS.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is in wide deployment and has been used to many applications for decades. The principal advantage of this technology is that it automatically identifies objects using electromagnetic waves to communicate with a reader without requiring contact and line of sight. As the technology evolved and offered large memory capacity it was used as a storage medium for electronic passports (e-passports). The e-passport is the digital version of the paper passport and its goal is to provide stronger identity authentication than the classic one. It was believed that it was able to ease identity checks, lessen the amount of human errors, protect against manipulation of travel documents and improve border security. But the fact that biometric data can be stored to the e-passport; privacy and security risks are posed for the holders. So, this new passport turned out to be much more intrusive than the traditional one. RFID chips used in e-passports are equipped with protection mechanisms but they still have lots of technical flaws and they are vulnerable to skimming and eavesdropping. The main problem stems from the fact that the data contained on the e-passport are transferred wirelessly, so it is vulnerable to anyone having the necessary equipment. This paper focuses on the use of RFID technology in EU e-passports. Particularly a short description of the technology and its advantages are given and even more attention is given to the threats that are posed to the holder's privacy. Finally, data protection issues and the proposed EU Regulation are presented.

The channel lengths of the top contact organic thin film transistors are usually defined during their fabrication by optical lithography or by shadow masking during the metal deposition process. Realizing short channel (sub-ten micron channel length) transistors by lithography will require costly lithography equipment. On the other hand, it is extremely challenging to achieve short channel transistors using the low cost shadow mask process. One low cost method of achieving short channel devices is to build vertical transistors with the transistor, where the channel gets defined in the vertical part of the device. This paper shows that vertical channel top contact organic thin film transistor has been successfully realized on the vertical edge of trench. This helped in creating the device with channel lengths less than ten microns, much smaller than what could be typically achieved with the use of shadow masks.

Construction industry consumes tons of material each year. A single project requires different types of material at different phases of construction. During each phase, the material needs to be tracked for a variety of reasons. Although several material tracking technologies are available that have gradually improved over the past decade, their application to construction industry is limited. Lack of proper construction material tracking on site, significant time, monies and efforts are wasted in counting, documenting, identifying and locating the required materials and thus decrease in efficiency and productivity. The objective of this paper was to review potential application in construction material management, identify current practices and developing industry wide standards for harnessing the benefits of implementing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technique as material tracking technique. RFID technology has been successfully used in construction (and several other businesses). This technology has a promise for extensive application to construction industry. A review of literature indicates that RFIDs have been used for material management and small tool management on construction projects and also discussed the barriers to its application. By using the experiences from other industries using similar technologies, combined with the expertise of suppliers within the RFID industry with experience of the distinctive needs of construction, it soon becomes clear that RFID has an important contribution to make to the performance of contractors, component suppliers and other players in the construction industry.

Smart home has evolved from exclusively referring to the centralized and semi-automated control of environmental systems. A smart home is also one of the applications of IoT. This paper presents the system architecture and methodologies used to create a new sophisticated smart home which creates user routines and predicts power consumption from the data received from the various sensors. Smart homes are those where daily household devices/ appliances can be monitored and controlled remotely. When these household devices are connected with the internet using proper network architecture and standard protocols, the system can be called as a Smart Home in IoT environment. This paper not only presents various problems and challenges in IoT and Smart Homes but also provides solutions that would help overcome those problems and challenges.

An optically transparent antenna array is presented for RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) systems, operating in the UHF (Ultra-High-Frequency) band. The antenna is intended for non-intrusive integration into the mirror surface of fitting rooms in apparel stores, keeping with the typical small depth of the mirror structure and low-cost. The antenna is used to read RFID tags attached to clothes being tried on, so that the associated system can automatically provide the client with interactive information regarding that specific piece of clothing. The antenna ensures self-confined reading range in front of the mirror, avoiding undesired detection of RFID tags from adjacent fitting rooms. The final antenna solution shows a good compromise between transparency and performance, with well confined RFID detection volume.

Under industry 4.0, internet of things (IoT), especially radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, has been widely applied in manufacturing environment. This technology can bring convenience to production control and production transparency. Meanwhile, it generates increasing production data that are sometimes discrete, uncorrelated, and hard-to-use. Thus, an efficient analysis method is needed to utilize the invaluable data. This work provides an RFID-based production data analysis method for production control in IoT-enabled smart job-shops. The physical configuration and operation logic of IoT-enabled smart job-shop production are firstly described. Based on that, an RFID-based production data model is built to formalize and correlate the heterogeneous production data. Then, an eventdriven RFID-based production data analysis method is proposed to construct the RFID events and judge the process command execution. Furthermore, a near big data approach is used to excavate hidden information and knowledge from the historical production data. A demonstrative case is studied to verify the feasibility of the proposed model and methods. It is expected that our work will provide a different insight into the RFIDbased production data analysis.

16. Kurzfassung Vor dem Hintergrund der rasant zunehmenden Verbreitung von Anwendungen der Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) untersucht das Forschungsprojekt mögliche zukünftige Auswirkungen eines massenhaften Einsatzes von RFID-Tags im Konsumgüterbereich auf die Umwelt und die Abfallentsorgung. Der gegenwärtige Einsatz von RFID-Tags stellt die derzeitigen Entsorgungssysteme für Siedlungsabfall zwar vor keine nennenswerten Herausforderungen.

This paper describes the importance of the Li-Fi technology and the areas where it can be advantageous.Li-Fi can prove to be a boon to our society as it saves not only money and resources of user but at the same time also enables the user to take the advantage of high data rate transmission that is about 1000 times more efficient than existing Wi-Fi data transfer technology that uses radio frequency. This paper also emphasizes how it becomes possible to use a light source as transmitter of data.