CD38

CD38 molecule
PDB rendering based on 1yh3.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1YH3, 1ZVM, 2EF1, 2HCT, 2I65, 2I66, 2I67, 2O3Q, 2O3R, 2O3S, 2O3T, 2O3U, 2PGJ, 2PGL, 3DZF, 3DZG, 3DZH, 3DZI, 3DZJ, 3DZK, 3F6Y, 3I9M, 3I9N, 3OFS, 3RAJ, 3ROK, 3ROM, 3ROP, 3ROQ, 3U4H, 3U4I, 4CMH, 4F45, 4F46, 4OGW, 4TMF
Identifiers
Symbols	CD38 ; ADPRC 1; T10
External IDs	OMIM: 107270 MGI: 107474 HomoloGene: 1345 ChEMBL: 4660 GeneCards: CD38 Gene
EC number	2.4.99.20, 3.2.2.6
Gene ontology Molecular function • NAD+ nucleosidase activity • transferase activity • phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity • NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activity Cellular component • nucleus • cytosol • plasma membrane • cell surface • membrane • integral component of membrane • extracellular exosome Biological process • response to hypoxia • signal transduction • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • female pregnancy • metabolic process • positive regulation of cell growth • positive regulation of B cell proliferation • positive regulation of insulin secretion • response to estradiol • response to retinoic acid • response to progesterone • response to hydroperoxide • response to drug • negative regulation of apoptotic process • negative regulation of bone resorption • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of vasoconstriction • B cell receptor signaling pathway • long term synaptic depression • response to interleukin-1 • apoptotic signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	952	12494
Ensembl	ENSG00000004468	ENSMUSG00000029084
UniProt	P28907	P56528
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001775	NM_007646
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001766	NP_031672
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 15.78 – 15.85 Mb	Chr 5: 43.87 – 43.91 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38), also known as cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase is a glycoprotein found on the surface of many immune cells (white blood cells), including CD4⁺, CD8⁺, B lymphocytes and natural killer cells. CD38 also functions in cell adhesion, signal transduction and calcium signaling.

In humans, the CD38 protein is encoded by the CD38 gene which located on chromosome 4.

Function

CD38 is a multifunctional ectoenzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) from NAD⁺ to ADP-ribose. These reaction products are essential for the regulation of intracellular Ca²⁺.

Clinical significance

The loss of CD38 function is associated with impaired immune responses, metabolic disturbances, and behavioral modifications including social amnesia possibly related to autism.

The CD38 protein is a marker of cell activation. It has been connected to HIV infection, leukemias, myelomas, solid tumors, type II diabetes mellitus and bone metabolism, as well as some genetically determined conditions.

CD38 produces an enzyme which regulates the release of oxytocin within the central nervous system.

Application

CD38 has been used as a prognostic marker in leukemia.

External links

• CD38 Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)