The document discusses the history and development of journalism in India. It describes how journalism started as a means of communication and evolved into an important institution. The document outlines the influence of Western ideas on Indian journalism and the role played by various individuals and organizations in shaping journalism in India.
The document discusses the history and development of journalism in India. It describes how journalism started as a means of communication and evolved into an important institution. The document outlines the influence of Western ideas on Indian journalism and the role played by various individuals and organizations in shaping journalism in India.
Original Description:
malayalam article on islahi/salafi movement of kerala
The document discusses the history and development of journalism in India. It describes how journalism started as a means of communication and evolved into an important institution. The document outlines the influence of Western ideas on Indian journalism and the role played by various individuals and organizations in shaping journalism in India.
The document discusses the history and development of journalism in India. It describes how journalism started as a means of communication and evolved into an important institution. The document outlines the influence of Western ideas on Indian journalism and the role played by various individuals and organizations in shaping journalism in India.
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C.sI. ^kepdlv a m≥
B[p\nIXbpambp≈ C…mans‚ kwhmZhpw AXns‚ \ne]mSpIfnse ImenI {IaoIWßfpamWv
ap…nw \thm∞m\w F∂ kw⁄bneqsS kqNn∏n°s∏Sp∂Xv . Nne¿ Btcm]n°p∂Xpt]mse AXv Hcp £am]W{]ÿm\a√; adn®v s s# aXØns‚ kaImenI hmb\bpw \q‰mWpIfmbn \ne \n¬°p∂ N´°pSnsemXpßn \n∂psIm≠v \SØp∂ {]bmWhpamWv . B \nebn¬ ap…nw \thm∞m\w Hcp I¿a imkv { X {]{Inb IqSnbmWv . A\nhmcyamb ]p\¿ hmb\Isf C…mw Hcn°epw \ncmIcn°p∂n√. Camw Kmenbpw, C_v \ pssXanbbpw ]p\¿ hmb\IfpsS km[yXIsf D]tbmKs∏SpØnb ]Wv U nXcn¬ {]apJcmWv . C_v \ p ssXanb XpSßnh® ]ncnjv ° cW {ia߃, Ad_p {]tZißfn¬ aplΩZv _n≥ A_v Z p¬ hlm_neqsSbmWv Hcp {]ÿm\ambn amdp∂Xv . Cu [mc Xs∂bmWv C¥ybnepw \thm∞m\ {ia߃°v t\XrXzw \¬InbXv . B[p\nIXbpsS h‡mhmbn IcpXs∏Sp∂ k¿ kønZv AlΩZv Jm\n¬ t]mepw ë h lm_ní BibßfpsS kzm[o\w \nd™p ImWm≥ I gnbpw. \ΩpsS cmPyØns‚ a‰p `mKßfn¬ \n∂v Xo¿Øpw hyXykv X amb kaql{Iaw \ne\n¬°p∂ tIcfØn¬ \thm∞m\Øns‚ hgnIfpw hyXykv X ambncp∂p. ssakq¿ B[n]Xyw, XpS¿∂p \S∂ km{amPyXz hncp≤ t]mcm´ßƒ XpSßnb Ncn{X LSI߃ sNepØnb kzm[o\w \nanØw tIcfob ap…ow kaqlw {]Xnk‘nbpsS I m e L ´ Ø n e q s S I S ∂ p t ] mbns°m≠ncp∂ AhkcØn¬ Xs∂bmWv \thm∞m\ {iaßfpw Bcw`n°p∂Xv . a‡n X߃, NmeneIØv Ip™lΩZv lmPn, h°w A_v Z pƒ JmZ¿ auehn F∂nh¿ Cu cwKsØ BZyIme ]Wv U X¿ Bbncp∂p. 1922 ¬ sFIykwLw cq]oIcn°s∏´tXmsS ]cnjv ° cW {ia߃°v kwLSnX cq]w ssIh∂p. tIcf apkv e nw sFIykwLØns‚ XpS¿®bmbn 1924 ¬ cq]w sIm≠ tIcf PwCuøØp¬ Dea \thm∞m\ kwcw`ßfpsS I¿Ω imkv { Xw cq]nIcn°p∂Xn¬ apJy ]¶phln®n´p≠v . 1950 ¬ sI.F≥.Fw. cq]w sIm≠Xv sFIykwLØns‚bpw tIcf PwCøØp¬ DeabpsSbpw e£y߃°v kaImenI `mhw \¬IpI F∂ e£ytØmsSbmWv .
\thm∞m\Øns‚ coXn imkv { Xw:-
1922 ¬ cq]oIcn°s∏´ tIcf apkv e nw sFIykwLØns‚ e£y߃, ]n¬°meØv apkv e nw \thm∞m\Øns‚ coXnimkv { Xambn amdpIbmbncp∂p. kapZmb sFIyw, A\u]NmcnI hnZym`ymk {]h¿Ø\߃, {]mtZinI Iq´mbv a Iƒ, A‘hnizmk߃s°Xnscbp≈ t]mcm´ßƒ, cmjv { Sob˛kmºØnI im‡oIcWw XpSßnbh e£yw h®psIm≠v {]h¿Øn°pI hgn \thm∞m\ {ia߃ hnPbn∏n°m≥ Ignbpsa∂v h°w A_v Z pƒ JmZ¿ auehnsbt∏mep≈h¿°v DØa t_m[yap≠mbncp∂p. A\u]NmcnI hnZym`ymk{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS `mKambn´mWv h°w auehn ]{Xÿm]\߃ XpSßnbXv . AXmIs´ tIcfob kaqlØns‚ cmjv { Sob im‡oIcWØn\p klmbhpambn amdn. kztZim`nam\n cmaIrjv W ]n≈bpsS Ncn{Xw tIcf apkv e nw \thm∞m\hpambn _‘s∏Sp∂Xv ChnsSbmWv . h°w auehnbpsS ]mX Xs∂bmWv ]n∂oSv sI.Fw. auehnbpw, C.sI. auehnbpw Cu cwKØv ]n¥pS¿∂Xv . ]{X{]h¿Ø\ cwKØpw, hnZym`ymk cwKØpw XpScptºmƒ Xs∂ kapZmb sFIysØ Zp¿∫es∏SpØp∂ {]tIm]\]camb Hcp \o°hpw BZyIme Ckv e mln ]Wv U nX¿ sNbv X ncp∂n√. apkv e nw eoKns‚ hf¿®bn¬ ]e Ckv e mlo ]Wv U X¿°pw ]¶phln°m≥ Ign™Xpw AXpsIm≠mWv . s]mXp ÿm]\ßfn¬ ]Tn°p∂ apkv e nw Ip´nIƒ°v kv tImf¿jn∏pIƒ e`yam°m≥ sFIykwLw sNbv X tkh\ßfpsS XpS¿®bmbmWv , apkv e nw hnZym`ymk ÿm]\߃ Db¿∂p h∂Xv . ^mdpJv tImtfPpt]mep≈ ÿm]\ßfpsS hf¿®bpsS ]ndIn¬ sFIy kwL˛ Ckv e mln \ne]mSpIfpsS \n›bZm¿Vyap≠mbncp∂p. ae_m¿ Iem]Øn\p apsºXs∂ a‡nXßfpw, NmeneIØpw, XpSßnh® A‘ hnizmkhncp≤ t]mcm´ßƒ XpS¿∂pw Gs‰SpØp \SØm≥ Ckv e mln ]Wv U nX¿°p Ign™ncp∂p. apkv e nwIsf B[p\nI h¬°cn°p∂Xn¬ apJy]¶phln® LSIw A‘hnizmk߃s°Xnsc \S∂ t]mcm´ßfmbncp∂p. aXhncp≤˛kaql hncp≤ hnizmkßsf Hcp Xncn®p hchns‚ km[yX t]mepw C√mXm°n am‰nbXv Cu {]h¿Ø\ßfmWv . I¿Ωimkv { XsØbmWv Ckv e mln ]Wv U X¿ CXn\p≈ ]Shmfmbn Db¿Øn∏nSn®Xv . lZokpIfpsS kq£v a amb ]T\ØneqsS, sNdnb Hcp t`ZKXn°pt]mepw A h k c an √ m Ø c o X n b n e p ≈ H c p I ¿ Ω i m k v { X w c q ] o I c n ° s ∏ ´ p . Fw. ssiJv aplΩZv auehnsbt∏mep≈h¿ Cu cwKØv sNbv X tkh\߃ F∂pw kv a cn°s∏Spw. ke^o[mcIfn¬ G‰hpw ka{Kamb I¿Ω imkv { Xw Db¿Øn∏nNn°p∂ G‰hpw henb kaqlw tIcfØnse apPmlnZpIƒ Bbncn°pw. apkv e nw \thm∞m\sØ AXns‚ D¤hØnepw, {]tbmKXeØnepw aXhncp≤sa∂p ]d™p hna¿in®hcpsS ]n≥KmanIƒ, AXns‚ Ncn{XsØ h{IoIcn®v XßfpsSXm°nam‰m≥ \SØp∂ {ia߃ ]pXnb Xeapd Xncn®dnbWw. kapZmbsØ ]n∂m°w X≈m\p≈ {]tXyIn®v kv { Xo kaqlsØ) KqUmtemN\bpsS ]pXnb X{¥amWnsX∂ hkvXpX \thm∞m\ aqeyßsf kvt\ln°p∂h¿ a\nemt°≠Xp≠v . I¿Ωimkv { Xhn[nIfn¬ anXXzØns‚ `mj D]tbmKn® BZyIme Ckv e mln ]Wv U XcpsS am¿§w Xs∂bmbncn°w apkv e nw tIcfØn\v F∂pw B`nImayw.