Test Tank TK 1527 Equal Depth

Client : Kuwait Oil Company
Project : Facility Upgrade and Relocation of Under Ground Process Piping

Job No : JI-180 Doc No : JI-180-021-ECV-CAL-050
Subject : BUNDWALLS CONTAINMENT CAPACITY Rev No : B
CALCULATIONS ( FOR GC-21 ) Prep. By : Dipak
Checkd. By : K. Girish
SR NO TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO
4.4.1 Design Data 33
4.4.2 Design Philosophy 33
4.4.3 Design of Wall 34
4.4.4 Design of Base Slab 38
APPENDIX - I Typical Details of Cantilever Wall 49
4.4 Design of Concrete Bund Wall for
Test Tank TK-1527.
Subject : BUNDWALLS CONTAINMENT CAPACITY Rev No : B
Subject : Design of Cantilever Retaining Wall for BUNDWALLS CONTAINMENT CAPACITY Rev No : B
4.4.1 DESIGN DATA :
4.4.1.1 Geometrical Data :
Height of soil filling ( H
2
) = 1.6 m
Thickness of base slab ( W
b
) = 0.4 m B
1
= F
Free Board ( F ) = 0.3 m Bc H1
Total Height of retaining wall ( H
1
) = 5 m
U/s of base slab from tank side GL ( D ) = 2 m
Top of raft from EGL of tank ( D
1
) = 1.6 m H
Width of heel slab ( B
h
) = 2.7 m
H2
Thickness of wall at bottom, ( B ) = 0.4 m
Width of toe slab ( B
t
) = 0.5 m
Thickness of wall at top, ( B
1
) = 0.3 m
D1
Thickness of wall at H
2
from raft top(B
c
) = 0.365 m D
4.4.1.2 Soil Data : ( As Per JI-180-000-ECV-SPE-001 ) Bh Bt Wb
Unit weight of soil,( g ) = 18 kN/m
3
B
Coefficient of soil pressure, ( K
o
) = 0.5
( considered at rest condition as per geotechnical report)
Net Allowable Bearing capacity of soil = 150
KN/m
2
Angle of internal friction, ( f ) = 32
Coefficient of active earth pre. ( K
a
) =
( 1-SINf ) / ( 1+SINf ) =
0.308
Coefficient of passive earth pre. ( K
P
) =
( 1+SINf ) / ( 1-SINf ) =
3.253
Factor of safety against sliding = 1.75
Factor of safety against overturning = 1.75
4.4.1.3 Material Data: ( As Per JI-180-000-ECV-SPE-001 )
Grade of Concrete ( F
cu )
= 30 N/mm
2
Yield Strength of reinforcement ( F
y
) = 414 N/mm
2
Dia of Reinforcement in wall ( d
wall
) = 20 mm
Dia of Reinforcement in base ( d
base
) = 20 mm
Clear Cover to Reinforcement ( c ) = 75 mm
Unit Weight of Concrete ( g
c
) = 24 KN/m
3
Density of retained liquid, ( g
w
) = 8.77 KN/m
3
4.4.2 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY :
Here, Bund wall has been desinged as a cantilever retaining wall for 1 m length and for that following critical
cases has been considered
Case 1 ) Empty on tank side & soil pressure and wind on other side of retaining wall.
In this case cantilever wall has been analyzed for the active earth pressure from one side only,
while checking for the stability, wt of earth from both the side has been considered.
Case 2 ) Hydrostatic pressure due to stored liquid during spillages or tank burst conditions.
In this case cantilever wall has been analyzed for the submerged liquid pressure from tank side
only passive earth pressure on the other side of retaining wall to the possible extent of 2/3
height of overburden soil. While checking for the stability, wt of earth from both the side & wt of
U/s of base slab from GL of out side of
bunded area ( H )
2 m
Tank
Farm
area
33
liquid form tank side has been considered.
The stability and base pressure check for the retaining wall have been carried out to decide the
size and other details of the assumed retaining wall. The structural calculations are carried out later.
4.4.3 DESIGN OF WALL :
4.4.3.1 BM Calculation For Case 1 :
a )
Active earth pressure ( P
a
) = g*K
a
*H
2
Qw
= 8.870 KN/m
2
Shear at base of stem due to active = P
a
* H
2
/ 2
earth pressure ( V
a
) = 7.096 kN
Moment at base of stem due active = P
a
* H
2
/ 2 * H
2
/ 3
earth pressure ( M
a
) = 3.785 kNm
b ) Pa
Wind pressure ( Q
w
) = 0.76
KN/m
2
( Refer Civil & Structural design
philosophy JI-180-000-ECV-SPE-001)
Shear at base of stem due to wind = Q
w
* (H
1
-H)
pressure ( V
w
) = 2.28 kN
Moment at base of stem due to Wind = Q
w
* (H
1
-H) * ((H
1
-H)/2+H
2
)
pressure ( M
w
) = 7.068 kNm
c )
Passive earth pressure, ( P
p
) = g*K
p
*D
1
( Passive pressure for moment
= 0.000 KN/m
2
calculation has been ignored so
Shear at base of stem due to passive = P
p
* D
1
/ 2 as to be on conservative side )
earth pressure ( V
p
) = 0.000 kN
Moment at base of stem due to = P
p
* D
1
/ 2 * D
1
/ 3
passive earth pressure ( M
p
) = 0.000 kNm
d )
Additional Shear ( V
add
) = 0.00 kN ( Due to Walkway at top )
Additional Moment ( M
add
) = 0.53 kNm ( Due to Walkway at top )
Total shear at base ( V
1
) = V
a
+ V
w
+ V
add
- V
p
= 9.38 kN
Total moment at base ( M
1
) = M
a
+ M
w
+ M
add
- M
p
= 11.38 kNm
Qw
4.4.3.2 BM Calculation For Case 2 :
a )
Contained Liquid pressure ( P
w
) = g
w
*(H
1
-W
b
-F)
= 37.711 KN/m
2
Shear at base of stem due to liquid = P
w
* (H
1
-W
b
-F)/2
pressure ( V
l
) = 81.079 kN
Moment at base of stem due to liquid = P
w
* (H
1
-W
b
-F)
2
/6 Pa Pw Pp
pressure ( M
l
)
= 116.213 kNm
34
b )
a
) = K
a
* (g-g
w
) * D
1
= 4.549 KN/m
2
Shear at base of stem due to active = K
a
*(g-g
w
)*D
1
2
/2
earth pressure ( V
a
) = 3.639 kN
Moment at base of stem due to active = K
a
*(g-g
w
)*D
1
3
/6
earth pressure ( M
a
) = 1.941 kNm
c )
Passive earth pressure ( P
p
) = g*K
p
*H
2
( Passive pressure for moment
= 0.000 KN/m
2
calculation has been ignored so
Shear at base of stem due to passive = P
p
* H
2
/ 2 as to be on conservative side )
earth pressure ( V
p
) = 0.000 kN
Moment at base of stem due to = P
p
* H
2
/ 2 * H
2
/ 3
passive earth pressure ( M
p
) = 0.000 kNm
d )
Wind pressure ( Q
w
) = 0.76
KN/m
2
Shear at base of stem due to wind = Q
w
* F
pressure ( V
w
) = 0.228 kN
Moment at base of stem due to wind = Q
w
* F * (F/2 + (H
1
-F-W
b
))
pressure ( M
w
) = 1.0146 kNm
e )
add
) = 0.00 kN ( Due to Walkway at top )
add
) = 0.53 kNm ( Due to Walkway at top )
Total shear at base ( V
2
) = V
l
+ V
a
+ V
w
+ V
add
- V
p
= 84.95 kN
Total moment at base ( M
2
) = M
l
+ M
a
+ M
w
+ M
add
- M
p
= 119.70 kNm
4.4.3.3 Rebar Calculation :
Design factored bending = 1.4 * ( Maximum of M
1
& M
2
)
moment ( M
u
) = 167.58 kNm ( Load factor for soil pressure is
1.4, as per BS:8110-Part I )
Effective depth ( d ) = ( B * 1000 ) - (d
wall
/2) - c
= 315 mm
Now as per clause 3.4.4.4 of BS 8110 ( Part - I )
k = Mu / f
cu
bd
2
= 167.58 x 10
6
30 x 1000 x 315 x 315
= 0.056 < 0.156
z = d* [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - k/0.9 )]
= 315 x [ 0.5 + sqrt( 0.25 - 0.056 /0.9)]
= 293.88 mm &
35
z = 0.95 x d
= 299.25 mm
Take z = Minimum Of Above two values
= 293.88 mm
Required A
st1
= M / [0.95*f
y
*z]
= 1449.84 mm
2
/m
As per table 3.25 of BS : 8110 ( Part - I )
Min reinforcement for flexure ten A
st2
= 0.13 % of Area of concrete
= 0.13 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 520 mm
2
As per table 3.25 of BS : 8110 ( Part - I ) clause 3.9.4.19
Min reinforcement for crack control A
st3
= 0.25 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 1000 mm
2
on both face
= 500 mm
2
on each face
From the above required A
streq1
= 1449.84
mm
2
Max of A
st1
, A
st2
& A
st3
Required 20 mm bar at a spacing of 217 mm c/c
Provide 20 mm bar at a spacing of 150 mm c/c
Area of steel provided A
stprov1
= 2093
mm
2
pt provided = 0.52 %
4.4.3.4 Distribution Steel :
Provide Min Reinforcement As Dist. Steel, As per table 3.25 of BS : 8110 ( Part - I )
Distribution steel, A
dist
= 0.13 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 520 mm
2
Dia of distribution rebar = 12 mm
stprov1
= 565
mm
2
4.4.3.5 Check For Shear :
Maximum design shear at face ( V
f
) = Maximum Of V
1
& V
2
= 84.95 kN
Shear V at face of the support ( V
u1
) = 1.4 * V
f
( Load factor for soil pressure is
= 118.92 kN 1.4, as per BS:8110-Part I )
Shear stress at face of support, ( v
1
) = V
u1
/bd
= 0.38 N/mm
Maximum allowed shear stress ( v
max
) = 4.38
N/mm
2
or 5 N/mm
2
Max( 0.8f
cu
, 5 ) v1 < vmax, O.K. (Clause 3.7.7.2)
100A
st
/ bd = 0.66 %
From BS 8110, Part 1 Table 3.8, ( v
c
) = 0.51 N/mm For f
cu
= 25 N/mm2
Revise value of ( v
c
) = v
c
*( f
cu
/25 )
1/3
For f
cu
= 30 N/mm2
= 0.54 N/mm
Since vc > v1, Hence section is SAFE in shear
36
4.4.3.6 Calculation Of Crack Width
Maximum allowable crack width = 0.3 mm (Per BS 8110-2 : 1985 clause 3.2.4)
1 ) Crack width for drying shrinkage / thermal movement :
f
cu
= Characteristic strength of reinforced concrete
= 30 N/mm
2
f
y
= Characteristic strength of reinforcing steel as per table 3.1 of BS 8110
= 414
N/mm
2
( As per design philosophy 0.9f
y
)
Thermal strain er = 0.8*Dt*a*R ( Refer equation 14 of clause 3.8.4.2 of BS 8110-2)
R = 0.6 ( Per Table 3.3 of BS 8110-2)
a = Coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete
= 0.000012 Table 7.3 of BS 8110 ( Part 2 )
DT = Fall in temperatue between hydration peak and ambient
= 20 ( per Table 3.2 of BS 8110-2)
Thermal strain er = 0.000115
Design surface crack width, W
1
= 3*a
cr
*er/(1+2*((a
cr
-c
min
)/(h-x)))
Where,
a
cr
= Dist from point considered to the surface of the nearest long bar
= Sqrt( S/2
2
+ (c+f/2)
2
) - (f/2)
= 113.31 mm
f = Size of each reinforcing bar
= 20
D = Depth of wall = B
= 400
S = Spacing of reinforcement
= 150
A
s
= Area of steel
= 2093.333
W
1
= 0.03 mm < 0.3 mm OK
2 ) Crack width in flexure :
Crack width, ( W
2
) = 3*a
cr
*e
m
/(1+2*(a
cr
- c
min
)/(h-x))
Where,
a
cr
= 113.31 mm
e
m
= average strain at the level where the cracking is being considered
= e
1
-e
2
= 0.001
e
2
= b
t
*(h-x)*(a'-x)/3*E
s
*A
s
*(d-x) for crack width of 0.3mm
= 0.0003
e
1
= f
s
/E
s
*((h-x)/(d-x))
= 0.001
a
cr
37
Moment in section, M = 119.70 kNm ( Unfactored moment)
Stress in steel, f
s
= M/(A
s
*(d-S'/2))
= 194.5708 N/mm
2
OK
h = Overall depth of member = D
= 400 mm
b
t
= Width of section at the centroid of tensile steel
= 1000 mm
E
s
= Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement
= 200000 N/mm
2
a = Distance from the compression face to the point at which the
crack width is being calculated
= effective depth ( d )
= 315 mm
d = Effective depth
= D - c
min
- f/2
= 315 mm
c
min
= Minimum cover to tensile steel
= 75 mm
k = M
u
/ f
cu
bd
2
= 0.056 < 0.156
z = d* [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - k/0.9 )] & 0.95 x d
= 293.88 mm & 299.25 mm
z = 293.88 mm
S' = Depth of stress block
= 42.23868 mm
x = depth of neutral axis
= (d-z)/0.45
= 46.93186 mm
W
2
= 3*a
cr
*e
m
/(1+2*(a
cr
- c
min
)/(h-x))
= 0.28 mm < 0.30 mm OK
38
Sign Convention : Clockwise Moment +Ve Horizontal left to right direction +Ve
Anti clockwie Moment -Ve Horizontal right to left direction -Ve
4.4.4 DESIGN OF BASE SLAB :
4.4.4.1 Stability Analysis For Case 1 :
( Moment has been calculated with respect to A )
a )
a
) = g*K
a
*H
Qw
= 11.088 KN/m
2
Shear at base due to active earth = P
a
* H/2
pressure ( V
a
) = 11.088 kN
Moment at base due active = P
a
* H/2 * H/3
pressure ( M
a
) = 7.392 kNm
A
b ) Pa
Wind pressure ( Q
w
) = 0.76
KN/m
2
( Refer Civil & Structural design philosophy JI-180-000-ECV-SPE-001)
Shear at base due to wind = Q
w
* (H
1
-H)
pressure ( V
w
) = 2.280 kN
Moment at base due to Wind = Q
w
* (H
1
-H) * ((H
1
-H)/2+H)
pressure ( M
w
) = 7.980 kNm
c )
Passive earth pressure, ( P
p
) = K
p
*g*D ( Passive pressure
= 0.000 KN/m
2
has been neglected )
Shear at base due to passive earth = P
p
* D/2
pressure ( V
p
) = 0.000 kN
Moment at base due to passive earth = P
p
* D/2 *D/3
pressure ( M
p
) = 0.000 kNm
d )
add
) = 0.00 kN
add
) = 0.53 kNm
Check Against Overturning :
Overturning moment ( M
o
) = M
p
- M
a
- M
w
- M
add
= -15.90 kNm
W
1
= ( 5.00 - 0.40 ) x 0.30 x 24 = 33.12 kN
W
1
' = 1/2 x ( 5.00 - 0.40 ) x ( 0.40 - 0.30 ) x 24 = 5.52 kN
W
2
= 0.50 x 1.60 x 18 = 14.4 kN
W
2
' = 1/2 x ( 0.40 - 0.37 ) x 1.60 x 18 = 0.50 kN
W
3
= ( 2.70 + 0.40 + 0.50) x 0.40 x 24 = 34.56 kN
W
4
= 2.70 x 1.60 x 18 = 77.76 kN
Additional Axial Force ( W
add
) = 4.30 kN
39
W = W
1
+ W
2
+W
3
+ W
1
' + W
2
' + W
4
+ W
add
= 170.1609 kN
B1 = 0.30
Wadd
B1 = 0.37
W2'
W1 H1 = 5.00
W2
GL W1' H2 = 1.60
D1 = 1.60 W4
A
W3 Wb = 0.40
Bh = 2.70 B = 0.40 Bt = 0.50
Restoring moment ( Mr )
= W
1
*(B
h
+0.5*B
1
) + W
2
*(B
h
+B+0.5*B
t
) + W
3
*(B
h
+B
t
+B)/2 + W
add
*(B
h
+0.5*B
1
)
W
1
' *(B
h
+B
1
+(B-B
1
)/3) + W
2
' * (B
h
+B
1
+(B-B
c
)*2/3) + W
4
*B
h
/2
= 340.329 kNm
F.O.S = M
r
/ M
o
= 21.402 > 1.75 OK
Check Against Sliding :
Shear at base ( V
b
) = V
p
- V
a
- V
w
- V
add
= -13.368 kN
Total weight of wall and soil, ( W ) = 170.16 kN
Coeff of friction between soil and = tan(2/3f)
concrete, ( m ) = 0.391
Restoring force = m*W
= 66.465 kN
F.O.S = Restoring force / Shear at base
= 4.97 > 1.75 OK
Calculation Of Base Pressure :
Length of base slab ( L ) = 3.6 m
Width of base slab ( B ) = 1 m
Base area ( A ) = B L
= 3.6 m
2
Section modulas of base slab ( Z ) = B L
2
/ 6
= 2.16 m
3
W = 170.16 kN
M
r
= 340.33 kNm
M
o = -15.90 kNm
GL
40
x = ( M
r
- M
o
) / W
= 1.907 m
Eccentricity ( e ) = x - L/2
= 0.107 m < 0.6 OK
( L / 6 )
Moment due to eccentricity ( M
e
) = W x e
= 18.207 kNm
Pressure = W / A + M
e
/ Z
P
1
= 55.70
KN/m
2
P
2
= 38.83764
KN/m
2
> 0 Comp
< 186 OK
PRESSURE DIAGRAM
Down pressures :
Tank side pressure = (gxD
1
) + (g
c
xW
b
)
( Earth + Base Slab ) = 38.40 KN/m
2
Other side pressure = (gxH
2
) + (g
c
xW
b
)
2
1.907 e
1.8 1.8
Base Pressure :
P
2
2.70 0.40 0.50 P
1
38.84 51.48 53.35 55.70
Downward Pressure :
38.40 38.40
Effective Depth d = 0.315 m
Tank farm side :
a ) Shear force at wall face = 38.84 x 2.70 + 12.64 x 2.70 /2
- 38.40 x 2.70
= 18.25 kN
b ) Shear at d distance from = 38.84 x 2.385 + 11.17 x 2.385 /2
41
the wall face - 38.40 x 2.385
i.e. = 2.70 - 0.315 = 2.385 14.36 kN
c ) Shear at 1.5d distance = 38.84 x 2.228 + 10.43 x 2.228 /2
from the wall face - 38.40 x 2.228
i.e. = 2.70 - ( 1.5 x 0.315 ) = 2.228
= 12.60 kN
d ) BM = 38.84 x 2.70 x 2.70 /2 +
12.64 x 2.70 x 2.70 /6 -
38.40 x 2.70 x 2.70 /2
= 16.96 kNm
Other side :
a ) Shear force at wall face = 38.40 x 0.50 -
53.35 x 0.50 - 2.34 x 0.50 /2
= -8.06 kN
b ) Shear at d distance from = 38.40 x 0.185 - 0.87 x 0.185 /2
i.e. = 0.50 - 0.315 = 0.185 = -3.12 kN
c ) Shear at 1.5d distance = 38.40 x 0.028 - 0.13 x 0.028 /2
i.e. = 0.50 - ( 1.5 x 0.315 ) = 0.028
= -0.47 kN
d ) BM = 38.40 x 0.50 x 0.50 /2 -
53.35 x 0.50 x 0.50 /2 -
2.34 x 0.50 x 0.50 /3
= -2.06 kNm
Design BM & Shear For Case1 :
BM at face of wall, ( M
f1
) = 16.96 kNm
Shear at wall face, ( V
f11
) = 18.25 kN
Shear at d dist. from wall face ( V
f12
) = 14.36 kN
Shear at 1.5d dist. from wall face ( V
f13
) = 12.60 kN
42
Sign Convention : Clockwise Moment -Ve Horizontal left to right direction -Ve
Anti clockwie Moment +Ve Horizontal right to left direction +Ve
4.4.4.2 Stability Analysis For Case 2 :
( Moment has been calculated with respect to B )
a ) Qw
Contained Liquid pressure ( P
w
) =
gw*(H1-F)
= 41.219 KN/m
2
Shear at base due to liquid = Pw * (H1-F)/2
pressure ( V
l
) = 96.86 kN
Moment at base due to liquid = Pw * (H1-F)
2
/6
pressure ( M
l
) = 151.75 kNm Pa Pw Pp
B
b )
a
) =
Ka*(g-gw)*D
= 5.675781 KN/m
2
Shear at base due to active earth = Ka*(g-gw)*D
2
/2
pressure ( V
a
) = 5.676 kN
Moment at base due to active earth = Ka*(g-gw)*D
3
/6
pressure ( M
a
) = 3.784 kNm
c )
Passive earth pressure ( P
p
) =
g*Kp*H*(2/3)
( Passive pressure for 2/3 ht
= 78.058 KN/m
2
has been considered )
Shear at base due to passive earth = Pp * H/2 *(2/3)
pressure ( V
p
) = 52.039 kN
Moment at base due to passive earth = (4/9)*Pp * H
2
/6
pressure ( M
p
) = 23.128 kNm
d )
Wind pressure ( Q
w
) = 0.76
KN/m
2
Shear at base due to wind = Qw * F
pressure ( V
w
) = 0.228 kN
Moment at base due to wind = Qw * F * (F/2 + (H1-F))
pressure ( M
w
) = 1.106 kNm
e )
add
) = 0.00 kN
add
) = 0.53 kNm
Check Against Overturning :
Overturning moment ( M
o
) = M
p
- M
w
- M
l
- M
a
- M
add
= -134.05 kNm
W
1
= ( 5.00 - 0.40 ) x 0.30 x 24 = 33.12 kN
W
1
' = 1/2 x ( 0.40 - 0.30 ) x ( 5.00 - 0.40 ) x 24 = 5.52 kN
W
2
=
0.50 x 1.60 x 18 = 14.4 kN
43
W
2
' = 1/2 x ( 0.40 - 0.37 ) x 1.60 x 18 = 0.50 kN
W
3
= ( 0.40 + 0.50 + 2.70) x 0.40 x 24 = 34.56 kN
W
4
= 2.70 x 1.60 x 18 = 77.76 kN
W
5
= ( 5.00 - 2.00 + 0.30) x 2.70 x 8.77 = 63.9333 kN
Additional Axial Force ( W
add
) = 4.30 kN
W = W
1
+ W
2
+W
3
+ W
1
' + W
2
' + W
4
+ W
5
+ W
add
= 234.0942 kN
B1 = 0.30
Wadd
F = 0.30 Bc = 0.37
W2'
2.70 W5
W1 H1 = 5.00
W2 H2 = 1.60
GL W1'
D1 = 1.60 W4
Wb = 0.40 W3 B
Bh = 2.70 B = 0.40 Bt = 0.50
Restoring moment ( Mr )
= W
1
*(B
t
+(B-B
1
)+ B
1
/2) + W
2
*B
t
/2 + W
3
*(B
h
+B+B
t
)/2 + W
add
*(B
t
+(B-B
1
)+ B
1
/2) +
W
4
*(B
t
+B+B
h
/2) + W
5
*(B
t
+B+B
h
/2) + W
1
' *(B
t
+(B-B
1
)*(2/3)) + W
2
' *( B
t
+(B-B
c
)/3)
= 416.067 kNm
F.O.S = M
r
/ M
o
= 3.103914 > 1.75 OK
Check Against Sliding :
=
Shear at base, ( V
b
) = V
p
- V
w
- V
l
- Va - V
add
= -50.730 kN
Total weight of liquid,wall and soil ( W ) = 234.094 kN
Coeff of friction between soil and = tan(2/3f)
concrete, ( m ) = 0.391
Restoring force = m*W
= 91.437 kN
F.O.S = Restoring force / Shear at base
= 1.80 > 1.75 OK
Calculation Of Base Pressure :
Length of base slab ( L ) = 3.6 m
Width of base slab ( B ) = 1 m
Base area ( A ) = B L
WL
GL
44
= 3.6 m
2
Section modulas of base slab ( Z ) = B L
2
/ 6
= 2.16 m
3
W = 234.0942 kN
M
r
= 416.0672 kNm
M
o
= -134.05 kNm
x = ( M
r
- M
o
) / W
= 1.205 m
Eccentricity ( e ) = x - L/2
= -0.595 m < 0.6 OK
( L / 6 )
Moment due to eccentricity ( M
e
) = W x e
= -139.286 kNm
Pressure = W / A + M
e
/ Z
P
1
= 0.54
KN/m
2
P
2
= 129.5104
KN/m
2
> 0 Comp
PRESSURE DIAGRAM < 186 OK
Down pressures :
Tank side pressure = (gxD
1
) + (g
c
xW
b
) + (g
w
x(H
1
-D
1
-W
b
-F))
( Earth+liquid+ Base Slab) = 62.08 KN/m
2
Other side pressure = (gxH
2
) + (g
c
xW
b
)
2
e 1.205
1.8 1.8
Base Pressure :
P
1
2.70 0.40 0.50
P
2
0.54 97.27 111.598 129.51
Downward Pressure :
62.08 38.40
45
Effective Depth d = 0.315 m
Tank farm side :
a ) Shear force at wall face = 62.08 x 2.70 -
0.54 x 2.70 - 96.73 x 2.70 /2
= 35.57 kN
b ) Shear at d distance from = 62.08 x 2.385 - 85.44 x 2.385 /2
i.e. = 2.70 - 0.315 = 2.385 44.88 kN
c ) Shear at 1.5d distance = 62.08 x 2.228 - 79.80 x 2.228 /2
i.e. = 2.70 - ( 1.5 x 0.315 ) = 2.228
= 48.21 kN
d ) BM = 62.08 x 2.70 x 2.70 /2 -
0.54 x 2.70 x 2.70 /2 -
96.73 x 2.70 x 2.70 /6
= 106.78 kNm
Other side :
a ) Shear force at wall face = 111.60 x 0.50 + 17.91 x 0.50 /2
- 38.40 x 0.50
= 41.08 kN
b ) Shear at d distance from = 122.88 x 0.185 + 6.63 x 0.185 /2
i.e. = 0.50 - 0.315 = 0.185 16.24 kN
c ) Shear at 1.5d distance = 128.53 x 0.028 + 0.99 x 0.028 /2
i.e. = 0.50 - ( 1.5 x 0.315 ) = 0.028
= 2.49 kN
d ) BM = 111.60 x 0.50 x 0.50 /2 +
17.91 x 0.50 x 0.50 /3 -
38.40 x 0.50 x 0.50 /2
= 10.64 kNm
Design BM & Shear For Case2 :
BM at face of wall, ( M
f2
) = 106.78 kNm
Shear at wall face, ( V
f21
) = 41.08 kN
f22
) = 44.88 kN
f23
) = 48.21 kN
46
Sign Convention : Clockwise Moment -Ve Horizontal left to right direction -Ve
Anti clockwie Moment +Ve Horizontal right to left direction +Ve
4.4.4.3 Rebar Calculation :
Max Design BM & Shear From Case 1 & Case 2 :
BM at face of wall ( M
f
) = 106.78 kNm Max Of ( M
f1
,M
f2
)
Shear at wall face ( V
f1
) = 41.08 kN Max Of ( V
f11
,V
f21
)
f2
) = 44.88 kN Max Of ( V
f12
,V
f22
)
f3
) = 48.21 kN Max Of ( V
f13
,V
f23
)
Design factored bending = 1.4 * ( M
f
) ( Load factor for soil pressure is
moment ( M
u
) = 149.49 kNm 1.4, as per BS:8110-Part I )
Effective depth ( d ) = ( W
b
* 1000 ) - (d
base
/2) - c
= 315 mm
Now as per clause 3.4.4.4 of BS 8110 ( Part - I )
k = Mu / f
cu
bd
2
= 149.49 x 10
6
30 x 1000 x 315 x 315
= 0.050 < 0.156
z = d* [ 0.5 + sqrt ( 0.25 - k/0.9 )]
= 315 x [ 0.5 + sqrt( 0.25 - 0.050 /0.9)]
= 296.31 mm &
z = 0.95 x d
= 299.25 mm
Take z = Minimum Of Above two values
= 296.31 mm
Required A
st1
= M / [0.95*fy*z]
= 1282.75 mm
2
As per table 3.25 of BS : 8110 ( Part - I )
Min reinforcement for flexure ten A
st2
= 0.13 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 520 mm2
As per table 3.25 of BS : 8110 ( Part - I ) clause 3.9.4.19
Min reinforcement for crack control A
st3
= 0.25 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 1000 mm
2
on both face
= 500 mm
2
on each face
From the above required A
streq1
= 1282.75
mm
2
Max of A
st1
, A
st2
& A
st3
Required 20 mm bar at a spacing of 245 mm c/c
stprov1 = 2093
mm
2
47
pt provided = 0.52 %
4.4.4.4 Distribution Steel :
Provide Min Reinforcement As Dist. Steel, As per table 3.25 of BS : 8110 ( Part - I )
Distribution steel, A
dist
= 0.13 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 520 mm
2
Dia of distribution rebar = 12 mm
stprov1
= 565
mm
2
4.4.4.5 Check For Shear :
Shear V at face of the support ( V
u1
) = 1.4 * ( V
f1
= 57.51 kN 1.4, as per BS:8110-Part I )
Shear V at d distance from the = 1.4 * ( V
f2
support ( V
u2
) = 62.83 kN 1.4, as per BS:8110-Part I )
Shear V at 1.5d distance from the = 1.4 * ( V
f3
support ( V
u3
) = 67.49 kN 1.4, as per BS:8110-Part I )
Shear stress at face of support, ( v
1
) = V
u1
/bd
= 0.18 N/mm
Maximum allowed shear stress = 4.382 N/mm
2
or 5 N/mm
2
( v
max
) = Max( 0.8f
ck
, 5 ) v1 < vmax, O.K. (Clause 3.7.7.2)
Actual shear stress at d dist. = V
u2
/bd
from support ( v
2
) = 0.20 N/mm
Actual shear stress at 1.5d dist. = V
u3
/bd
from support ( v
3
) = 0.21 N/mm
100A
st
/ bd = 0.665
From BS 8110, Part 1 Table 3.8 ( v
c
) = 0.510 N/mm For f
cu
= 25 N/mm2
Revise value of ( v
c
) = v
c
*( f
cu
/25 )
1/3
For f
cu
= 30 N/mm2
= 0.542 N/mm
Since vc > v1, v2 & v3, Hence section is SAFE in shear
48
EL 100.50
EL 100.20 300
Tank Side Earth Side
4600
EL 97.50 EL 97.50
1600 1600
400
2700 500
400
Sectional Elevation Of Wall ** All Dimensions Are In MM
( GA Detail Only )
Tank Side Earth Side
T12 @ 200 mmc/c
T20 @ 150 mmc/c T12 @ 200 mmc/c
T20 @ 150 mmc/c
Sectional Elevation Of Wall
( RC Detail Only )
Appendix - I
49
50

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Client : Kuwait Oil Company

Project : Facility Upgrade and Relocation of Under Ground Process Piping

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