Ela100 3 English Comingtogripswithgrammar

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Coming to

grips with grammar

Robyn English

n setting out to design a series of simple


grammar lessons for primary students, I
discovered that there is much more to a sentence
than I had expected. The original plan was to work
with a grade of senior primary students once a week
and take them through the basics of identifying the
parts of a sentence. We quickly discovered that verbs
are fascinating, complex and, I believe, the essence of
good writing.
Over a year later, after working with classes
across the primary school, I have cemented this
belief and consider the verb to be vastly under-rated.
I decided to share some activities and thoughts to
encourage other teachers to have a play around
with verbs to see how they can improve writing.
A natural progression of this study is to use the
activities for developing inferential comprehension
skills.

devises a sentence
which they each
write down. This
is very supportive
for the weaker
students and involves
everyone. It can also
be very amusing,
for example the
challenges involved
with combining the
ant with squelched
and the baby with
galloped. The pair
decide this first sentence together but then each
works alone to develop the short story that follows.
The variations from a common start are fascinating
and the students love to read their work to the class.

Colour coding to keep it simple

Lucky dip

As verbs are often about action, there is great scope


for including drama in these lessons. The sentence,
The boy walked across the room is written on the board
and an actor is chosen to model the boy walking
across the room. This is a very neutral action but see
what happens when the word walked is erased and
replaced with stormed or strode or staggered or
darted. This makes for a perfect segue to discuss
inferential comprehension and consider the change
to our visualisation when each of these different
verbs is used. Why would a boy storm across
a room? Where is this boy striding to in such a
confident manner? And it is here that you will find

PR IM AR Y

A game that all ages love is to lucky-dip words


that must be cemented together in a sentence. One
activity that works well is to have students pair
up with one lucky-dipping the noun while the
other takes a verb. The pair then talks together and

Actions speak louder than words

PR AC TIC ALLY

Following a colour coding guide provided by Beryl


Exley at the ALEA National conference in 2012, I
went into the classroom armed with a red, green
and blue whiteboard marker. I wrote the sentence,
The boy (in red for the noun group) walked (in
green for the verb group) across the room (in blue
for the circumstance of the sentence). I wrote a few
similar sentences and it was not long before the
group had cracked my colour coding grammar
rule. They worked out that the red indicated who
doing, the green represented what doing and the
blue was the where, when, why or how doing. I had
picked up these terms from a colourful semantics
professional learning session, run by a speech
pathologist. From there on, I interchanged terms
verb with what doing, noun with who doing
and circumstances with where, why, when or how
doing. I noticed that different students preferred
to use the different terms which did not worry me
at all. My aim was to get the students talking about
language and, although I wanted the discussion to
be grammatically accurate, I was not going to get
hung up on teaching a specific set vocabulary.

the students with limited vocabulary who, although


they can decode the word, cannot demonstrate or
explain the context that is implied by its use.

VOLU M E 19

NU M B ER 3

OCT OB ER

2 014

Picture books to the rescue

My favourite Christmas present last year was the


ALEA membership gift Playing with Grammar by
Beryl Exley and Lisa Kervin. I read it from cover to
cover and imagined all the ways I would use the
great ideas with my classes. I browsed the school
library, my bookshelves and on-line book shops
to find the recommended books. One particularly
successful activity with a year three class, related to
Rosies Walk by Pat Hutchins. I created a strip that
contained the entire text of Rosies Walk in one long
ribbon. The class quickly identified the words that
seemed to belong together: over, under, through,
etc. We talked about these prepositions and as a
class innovated on the text to write the story of
Princess Stephanies walk around the castle. The
students couldnt get back to their tables quickly
enough when invited to create their own texts. One
weaker student wrote a lovely piece about a snake
slithering through a jungle while a really strong
writer described the journey of a piece of chocolate
through the body (Ill leave the ending up to your
imagination!)

Pardon my verbosity
My discussions with primary school teachers
suggest that many are quite worried about their
expertise and capacity to teach grammar. When I

discuss this in more detail with them, they admit


that they are never quite sure they are teaching the
right terminology. I dont hold myself up as an
expert and I, too, went to primary school in the times
when grammar was not taught explicitly. I didnt
study a second language at high school so didnt
learn to parse a sentence in that context either. But
grammar is fun when you keep it simple, use games
and well-loved picture books and give students
many opportunities to innovate on the texts. And if
I were to end with one hot tip for teaching grammar
it would be: start with a sentence and get stuck into
verbs.
References
Exley, B., & Kervin, L. (2013). Playing with grammar in the
early years. Norwood, SA: Australian Literacy Educators
Association.
Hutchins, P. (1968). Rosies Walk. London, UK: Red Fox
Picture Books.

Robyn English is the assistant principal of Boroondara Park


Primary in Melbourne and takes any chance she has to get into the
classroom to teach her favourite subject English. Robyn is the
reviews editor for Practically Primary and is an active member of
the Melbourne local council of ALEA. (Contact: english.robyn.s@
edumail.vic.gov.au)

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