PST FHT 2009
PST FHT 2009
PST FHT 2009
National Environmental Balancing Bureau 8575 Grovemont Circle Gaithersburg, Maryland 20877-4121 301-977-3698 301-977-9589 FAX www.nebb.org
NEBB DEVELOPS AND SPECIFIES STANDARDS FOR TESTING OF FUME HOOD PERFORMANCE. PERFORMANCE OF THESE SERVICES ONLY BY PERSONS THAT ARE CERTIFIED OR QUALIFIED FOR ENGAGING IN THIS SPECIALTY IS ONE SUCH STANDARD. NEBB SOLICITS INQUIRY BY ANY AND ALL PERSONS SEEKING SUCH APPROVALS. FOR MORE INFORMATION, GO TO WWW.NEBB.ORG.
This book may not be reproduced in any form without written permission of the copyright owner.
These Procedural Standards were developed using reliable engineering principles and research plus consultation with, and information obtained from, manufacturers, users, testing laboratories and others having specialized experience. They are subject to revision as further experience and investigation may show is necessary or desirable. Fume Hood Testing, which complies with these Procedural Standards, will not necessarily be acceptable, if when examined and tested, it is found to have other features that impair the result intended by these standards. The National Environmental Balancing Bureau assumes no responsibility and has no liability for the application of the principles or techniques contained in these Procedural Standards. Authorities considering adoption of these Procedural Standards should review all Federal, State, local and contract regulations applicable to the specific installation.
II
FOREWORD
The purpose of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing is to establish a uniform and systematic set of criteria for the performance testing of fume hoods. This publication is the first edition of the Procedural Standard. Similar to the other NEBB disciplines, the Procedural Standard serves as the anchor for the program. Fume hoods and other safety control environments, such as bio-safety cabinets, offer a distinct set of challenges to the firms and individuals testing the field performance of these specialized, containment enclosures. The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) has developed an ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110 Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods. Another standard is ANSI/AIHA Standard Z9.5 Laboratory Ventilation. These publications define the testing procedures to be used when testing fume hoods and are well recognized and respected in this area of expertise. The NEBB discipline builds on these standards and complements them by providing a program that combines their testing requirements with a complete package for firm certification. The NEBB Procedural Standard and the NEBB Fume Hood Testing program define the requirements for firm certification, for Certified Professional educational and experience requirements, for reporting consistencies, and for instrumentation requirements. This Procedural Standard is similar to other NEBB Procedural Standards in that it is divided into two distinct Parts: Standards and Procedures. These FHT procedural standards have been developed using language defined by Shall, Should, and May as it relates to the standards and procedures described in this manual. It is important to note these particular words throughout this manual and how they pertain to the NEBB standards and procedures. These standards and procedures are intended as the minimum NEBB requirements that a NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall follow when performing fume hood testing and reporting the results. Contract documents may supercede the NEBB requirements. These Procedural Standards have been carefully compiled and reviewed by the NEBB Technical Committees. Part 1 STANDARDS Part 1, STANDARDS, covers the requirements for Quality Control and Compliance, Instrumentation Requirements, and FHT Reports. The report requirements allow the NEBB Certified Firm more flexibility in designing their reports by prescribing sets of information that "Shall, Should and/or May" be required to complete an FHT Report. Part 2 PROCEDURES Part 2, PROCEDURES, covers required testing procedures to be followed when using ASHRAE 110 and ANSI Z9.5. Part 2 also addresses criteria and testing procedures other than those dictated by those referenced standards. This Procedural Standard allows that flexibility. APPENDICES The Appendices includes a suggested NEBB FHT specification, test illustrations, ejector specifications references and engineering formulas. This Edition of the FHT Procedural Standards, when used by NEBB Certified FHT Firms, will assure the building owner of standard, accurate reporting of fume hood performance. Andrew P. Nolfo, P.E. NEBB Technical Director III
FUME HOOD COMMITTEE MEMBERS AND OTHER CONTRIBUTORS FOR CURRENT EDITION
Current FHT Committee: Bohdan (Don) Fedyk, Chairman Buffalo, New York Michael J. Kelly Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Michael L. Lancette St. Paul Park, Minnesota Thomas R. McKeen, PE San Antonio, Texas David G. McFarlane Grand Forks, North Dakota David Muggah Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada W. David Bevirt, PE Tucson, Arizona Andrew P. Nolfo, PE Phoenix, Arizona Additional Contributors to the First Edition: Michael P. Dolim Gaithersburg, Maryland Randall Silva San Jose, California Michael A. Wieder Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Foreword NEBB Fume Hood Testing Committee Table of Contents
III IV V
PART 1 STANDARDS
SECTION 1 Definitions SECTION 2 NEBB Program, Quality Control and Compliance
2.1 NEBB Programs 2.1.1 NEBB Disciplines 2.1.2 Certification of Firms 2.1.3 Certification of Professionals 2.1.4 Recertification Requirements Quality Assurance Program Conformance Certification 2.2.1 Program Advantages 2.2.2 NEBB Quality Assurance Program Certificate Quality Control and Compliance 2.3.1 FHT Work Compliance FHT Professional Responsibilities 2.4.1 Execution of FHT Procedures 2.4.2 Technician Training 2.4.3 FHT Procedures Training 2.4.4 Instrument Use and Maintenance 2.4.5 Coordination / Supervision 2.4.6 Project Communication 2.4.7 Work Completion 2.4.8 Compilation and Submission of Final FHT Reports 1 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 13 13 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 15 16
2.2
2.3 2.4
SECTION 3 Responsibilities
3.1 3.2 Introduction Design and Construction Team Responsibilities 3.2.1 Design Professionals Responsibilities 3.2.2 Construction Team Responsibilities 3.2.3 NEBB Certified FHT Firm Responsibilities
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
SECTION 5 Standards for Reports and Forms
5.1 5.2 Reports Required Forms 5.2.1 Report Title 5.2.2 Report Certification 5.2.3 Table of Contents 5.2.4 Report Summary / Remarks 5.2.5 All Report Pages 5.2.6 Instrument Calibration 5.2.7 Abbreviations 5.2.8 Airflow Velocity Test Report Data Constant Volume Systems 5.2.9 Airflow Velocity Test Report Data VAV Systems 5.2.10 Airflow Visualization Test Report Data Local Challenge 5.2.11 Airflow Visualization Test Report Data Large Volume Challenge 5.2.12 Tracer Gas Containment Test Report Data Static Mode 5.2.13 Tracer Gas Containment Test Report Data Sash Movement Effect 5.2.14 Tracer Gas Containment Test Report Data Perimeter Scan 5.2.15 Other Fume Hood Performance Test Report Data 19 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 24
PART 2 - PROCEDURES
SECTION 6 Laboratory and Cleanroom Safety
6.1 Introduction 6.2 Designing A Program Policy Health and Safety 6.2.1 Designing a Program Policy 6.2.2 Designing a Training Program 6.2.3 Essentials of the Health and Safety Program 6.3 Responsibilities 6.3.1 Individual Health and Safety Responsibilities 6.4 Elements Of The Program 6.4.1 Project Specific Items 6.4.2 Health and Safety Program Implementation 25 25 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 28 29 29 29 29 30 30 31 31 31
VI
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
8.2.1 Fume Hood Types 8.2.2 Fume Hood Sash Configurations 8.2.3 Test Setups 8.3 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 110 8.4 ANSI/AIHA Standard Z9.5 8.5 Preliminary Test Procedures 31 32 32 33 34 34 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 36 37 38 39 39 41 41 41 41 41 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 45 45 45 46 46 47 48 48 48 49 49 49 49
10.3
VII
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
SECTION 12 Optional Tests and Procedures
12.1 12.2 12.3 Introduction Other Tests and Procedures Supplementary Tests and Procedures 12.3.1 Room Airflow Velocity Tests 12.3.2 Temperature/Humidity Uniformity Tests 12.3.3 Sound and Vibration Level Tests 12.3.4 Cross Draft Condition Tests 12.3.5 Other Tests 51 51 51 51 51 52 52 52 53
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A APPENDIX B APPENDIX C APPENDIX D APPENDIX E Sample FHT Specification Example Test Illustrations Ejector System Specifications References and Referenced Publications Engineering Formula and Examples
I XXI XXV XXIII XXXV
VIII
PART 1 - STANDARDS
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
These procedural standards have been developed using language defined by Shall, Should, and May" as it relates to the standards and procedures described in this publication. It is important to note these particular words throughout this publication and how they pertain to NEBB standards and procedures. Acceptance Criteria: The value or range of values which is compared to the measured value that will determine if the results of the test pass or fail. Accuracy: The capability of an instrument to indicate the true value of a measured quantity. AHJ: The local governing Authority Having Jurisdiction over the installation. Air Supply Fixtures: Devices or openings through which air flows into the laboratory room. For the purpose of this standard all accessories, connecting duct adapters, or other mounting airways shall be considered part of the supply fixture and reported as a unit or an assembly. Some specific supply fixtures are defined as follows: grille: a louvered or perforated face over an opening. register: a combination grille and damper assembly. diffuser: an outlet designed to mix supply air and room air and to distribute it in varying directions. perforated ceiling: a ceiling with perforated panels used to distribute the air uniformly throughout the ceiling or a portion of the ceiling. Filter pads may be used to achieve a similar result. Auxiliary Air: Unconditioned or partially conditioned supply or supplemental air delivered to a laboratory at the laboratory fume hood to reduce room air consumption. Calibrate: The act of comparing an instrument of unknown accuracy with a standard of known accuracy to detect, correlate, report, or eliminate by adjustment any variation in the accuracy of the tested instrument. Control Level: The average measured concentration of tracer gas, in parts of tracer gas per million parts of air by volume (ppm), that is not exceeded at the hood face with a 4.0 Lpm release rate. Deficiency: Any circumstance or operation that affects the measurement results as compared to the design criteria required by the contract documents. Design Sash Opening: The position of the sash at which the design team assumes that the fume hood will be operating. Face Velocity: The average velocity of air moving perpendicular to the hood face, usually expressed in feet per minute (fpm) or meters per second (m/s).
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
Fume Hood (sometimes referred to as a laboratory hood): A box-like structure enclosing a source of potential air contamination, normally with one open or partially open side, into which air is moved for the purpose of containing and exhausting air contaminants. A fume hood is generally used for bench-scale laboratory operations but does not necessarily involve the use of a bench or table. Fume Hood System: An arrangement consisting of a fume hood, its adjacent room environment, and the air exhaust equipment, such as blowers and ductwork, required to make the hood operable. Function: For the purposes of this NEBB Standard, function refers to the specific type of data measurement specified in Section 4, Standards for Instrumentation and Calibration. High Value of Range: The maximum response time divided by the average response time of the VAV Response Time Test. Value is expressed as a percentage. Hood Face: The plane of minimum area at the front portion of a laboratory fume hood through which air enters when the sash(es) is (are) fully opened, usually in the same plane as the sash for a hood with a vertical sash. For a hood with horizontal sash(es) or a combination sash, the hood face is usually the plane passing through the midpoint between the inner and outer sashes. Lazy Airflow: Airflow within the hood is described as lazy when smoke remains on the work surface without smoothly flowing to the back baffle. LPM: Liters per minutes. Low Value of Range: The minimum response time divided by the average response time of the VAV Response Time Test. Value is expressed as a percentage. May: Used to indicate a course of action that is permissible as determined by the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Maximum Sash Opening: The position of the sash at which the fume hood has the largest opening. N/A: Not Available, Not Applicable, or Not Accessible. The simple notation N/A without definition is not allowed. NEBB Certified FHT Firm: A NEBB Certified FHT Firm is a firm that has met and maintains all the requirements of the National Environmental Balancing Bureau for firm certification in Fume Hood Performance Testing and is currently certified by NEBB. A NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall employ at least one NEBB Certified FHT Professional in a full time management position. NEBB Certified FHT Report: The data presented in a NEBB Certified FHT Report accurately represents system measurements obtained in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing. A NEBB Certified FHT Report does not necessarily guarantee that systems measured conform to the design requirements or stated guidelines. The report is an accurate representation of the measured results only. NEBB Certified FHT Professional: A NEBB Certified FHT Professional is a full time employee of the firm in a management position who has successfully passed the professional level written and practical qualification examinations and maintains the Certified FHT Professional recertification requirements of NEBB.
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
Operating Sash Opening: The position of the sash at which the fume hood user places the sash while working at the face of the fume hood. The operating sash opening should take into consideration all of the procedures to be conducted in the fume hood. There may be more than one operating sash opening. Performance Rating: Rating definition of the Static Mode Test portion of the Tracer Gas Tests. It is comprised of a series of letters and numbers consisting of the letters AM, AI, or AU, and three-digit number: AM yyy AI yyy AU yyy Where: AM indicates the test setup is "As Manufactured," AI indicates the test setup is "As Installed," AU indicates the test setup is "As Used," yyy indicates the control level of tracer gas established by the test in ppm. As an example: A test rating of AU 0.500 would indicate that the fume hood controls the leakage into the laboratory to 0.500 ppm at the mannequin's sensing point with a tracer gas release rate of 4.0 Lpm. Positional Sash Movement Effect Control Level: The maximum 45-second moving average of the tracer gas concentration observed during a series of sash movement tests at one ejector and mannequin position. Positional Control Level: The average tracer gas concentration at a position during a test. Precision: The ability of an instrument to produce repeatable readings of the same quantity under the same conditions. The precision of an instrument refers to its ability to produce a tightly grouped set of values around the mean value of the measured quantity. PPM: Parts per million. Procedure: The approach to and execution of a sequence of work operations to yield a repeatable and defined result. Range: The upper and lower limits of an instruments ability to measure the value of a quantity for
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
Reverse Flow: Airflow within the hood when smoke released in the hood moves forward toward the front of the hood. This term does not apply to the forward motion of the roll inside the hood that occurs in the upper cavity of the hood above the hood opening or to the cyclonic motion that occurs behind a closed horizontal sash. Roll: The rotation of air, commonly referred to as vortex, in the upper cavity of the hood. The roll is induced by the momentum of the air entering the hood through the hood opening. Sash Movement Effect: The maximum of the positional sash movement effects for all the positions tested on a particular hood. Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating: Rating definition of the Sash Movement Effect Test portion of the Tracer Gas Tests. It is comprised of a series of letters and numbers consisting of the letters SME-AM, SME-AI, or SME-AU, and three-digit number: SME-AM yyy SME-A I yyy SME-AU yyy Where: SME means "sash movement effect," AM indicates the test setup was "As Manufactured," AI indicates the test setup was "As Installed," AU indicates the test setup was "As Used," yyy equals the sash movement effect, in ppm. For example: A test rating of SME-AI 10.0, indicates the fume hood was tested in the AsInstalled test setup and that the maximum 45-second rolling average concentration of tracer gas measured during a sash movement test was 10.0 ppm with a tracer gas release rate of 4.0 Lpm . Shall: The term is used to indicate mandatory requirements that must be followed in order for the project to become a NEBB certified project. Work must conform to these standards and procedures and no deviation is permitted. Note: In the event unique circumstances prevent a required action from being fulfilled, a notation shall be included in the FHT report explaining the reason that the requirement was not completed. For example, such notation could be one of the following: Not Available, Not Applicable, or Not Accessible. The simple notation N/A without definition is not allowed. Should: The term is used to indicate that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required. Specified Rating: The hood performance rating as specified, proposed, or guaranteed either in the purchase of the hood or in the design and construction of the laboratory, or both. Standard: A required qualification, action, or result for FHT work. Standard Operating Procedure: An internal policy prepared by the each FHT firm and / or prepared by the Owner/Buyer. Procedures are written to provide guidance, direction, and step-by-step details
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
relating to issues such as safety, testing protocols, acceptance criteria, etc. NEBB FHT Firm SOPs shall be utilized in an absence of SOPs prepared by the Owner. Test Sash Opening: The position or positions of the sash at which the fume hood is tested. Test Setup (Test Setup Mode): Defines the condition of the fume hood being tested. There are three distinct conditions that the fume hood may be tested: As-Manufactured (AM): With this test setup, the fume hood is tested at the manufacturers facility or under conditions that would replicate those conditions. The hood and work surface shall be void of all process equipment, apparatus and chemicals. As-Installed (AI): With this test setup, the actual fume hood is tested in its installed, operating condition. All supply, exhaust and return air systems are installed, operable and under control. The hood and work surface shall be void of all process equipment, apparatus and chemicals. As-Used (AU): This test setup is the same as the As-Installed setup except the hood is being utilized for actual process work. Experiment equipment, chemicals and processes are being carried out inside the hood while the fume hood performance testing is being performed. This means that all normal operating equipment within the hood shall be activated and operational including items such as all heat and vapor producing appliances, physical obstructions, etc. Testing: The use of specialized and calibrated instruments to measure fluid quantities, temperatures, pressures, rotational speeds, electrical characteristics, velocities, and sound and vibration levels, Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing (TAB): A systematic process or service applied to heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and other environmental systems to achieve and document air and hydronic flow rates. The standards and procedures for providing these services are addressed in the current edition of the NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARDS FOR THE TESTING, ADJUSTING AND BALANCING OF ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS. VAV Speed of Response: The time, measured from the first movement of the sash, for the VAV system to restore the slot velocity or airflow to 90 percent of the average steady-state value. VAV Time to Steady State: The time, measured from the first movement of the sash, for the VAV system to restore and maintain the average slot velocity of airflow between 90 and 110 percent of the average steady-state value. Work Surface: The surface that the fume hood sets on.
SECTION 1 DEFINITIONS
Each discipline is anchored by a NEBB Procedural Standards manual that provides guidelines for work to be performed. NEBB also has created technical manuals, training materials and programs, and seminars to enhance and support each discipline. 2.1.2 CERTIFICATION OF FIRMS NEBB certifies firms that meet certain criteria, ensuring strict conformance to its high standards and procedures. Among other requirements, NEBB Certified FHT Firms must document a record of responsible performance, own a complete set of instruments and equipment required for the sophisticated techniques and procedures necessary to take and report fume hood testing measurements, and have a NEBB Certified FHT Professional as a full-time employee. 2.1.3 CERTIFICATION OF PROFESSIONALS NEBB also establishes professional qualifications for the supervision and performance of work in its various disciplines. NEBB Certified FHT Professionals must have extensive experience, and they must pass appropriate, college-level written examinations and demonstrate certain practical working knowledge and proficiency in the use of instruments required for the various disciplines.
2.1.4 RECERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS Through the recertification procedures, the firm must verify that its NEBB Certified FHT Professional is still on staff and that it continues to own a complete set of instruments that are in current calibration. In addition, the firm's NEBB Certified FHT Professional renews his or her certification annually. Among other requirements, the Certified Professional must keep abreast of developments in their discipline by successfully completing continuing education requirements annually.
References to desired procedures may include statements such as "the work will be performed in accordance to NEBB Standards." When specifications indicate that the fume hood testing work shall be performed in accordance with NEBB standards, the FHT procedures will conform to the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing and must be performed by a NEBB certified firm. The scope of work shall be performed as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the owner / buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Each relevant or applicable item as identified in the scope of work shall be performed and recorded in NEBB FHT Final Report. Data presented in the NEBB FHT Final Report shall provide an accurate record of the system tests, measurements, data and information. a. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm and the NEBB Certified FHT Professional are allowed to sign and stamp a fume hood testing report as a NEBB Certified FHT Report only when the procedures and requirements as identified in these Procedural Standards have been followed. b. A NEBB Certified FHT Report should consist of all three primary fume hood tests (Airflow Velocity Tests, Airflow Visualizations Tests, and Tracer Gas Containment Tests), but may consist of any single primary test or any combination of primary tests as described in these Procedural Standards. To qualify as a NEBB Certified Report, the procedures and requirements for each primary test included in the report SHALL adhere to the requirements of these Procedural Standards. c. For some projects, the scope of work of the fume hood testing may require testing requirements, procedures, reporting requirements, etc. that are different from those required by this Procedural Standard. The scope of work may require testing to another industry standard or an owner / buyer defined set of testing requirements. For these projects, the Certified FHT Final Report MAY be signed and stamped as a NEBB Certified FHT Report only if the procedural variances are clearly delineated in the project scope of work and identified on the report Certification Page. See Section 5.2.2. d. Any project that does not comply with the minimum SHALL requirements of this standard and does not clearly identify the specific procedural variances required by the fume hood testing contract on the certification page SHALL NOT be signed and stamped as a NEBB certified FHT report. All references to NEBB, including NEBB logos, stamps, certifications, etc. SHALL be removed from the report.
The NEBB Certified FHT Professional has the responsibility to assure that the measurements of the fume hood performance testing have been performed in accordance with these Procedural Standards and the contract documents to assure the accuracy of all data included in the final report. Factors such as instrument use, coordination / supervision, work instructions, and project communication play a critical role in achieving this requirement. 2.4.2 TECHNICIAN TRAINING The NEBB Certified FHT Professional has a responsibility to assure that technicians performing the work are properly trained and possess sufficient skills. Areas that should be stressed are fume hood performance testing procedures, instrument use and maintenance, safety procedures, coordination and supervision, and project communication. 2.4.3 FHT PROCEDURES TRAINING NEBB Certified FHT Professionals must be prepared to completely measure and record data in the manner specified. It is mandatory that NEBB Certified FHT Professionals possess the ability to perform the specific tasks and procedures required for each project. An understanding of building system fundamentals and operating characteristics is important, and technicians should possess rudimentary knowledge of all related systems and procedural considerations. This may require periodic training to promote knowledge and skill development as well as to facilitate the transfer of knowledge and basic skills in the use of new technology. 2.4.4 INSTRUMENT USE AND MAINTENANCE NEBB Certified FHT Professionals shall possess knowledge and skill in the proper use and care of instruments required to perform the work. This shall include a thorough understanding of the operating principles and use of fume hood equipment and instruments. Considerations for the delicate nature of many of the instruments typically used, as well as the adverse effects of dirt, shock, jarring movements and exceeding rated capacities, shall be addressed along with the proper methods for storing and transporting the instruments. 2.4.5 COORDINATION / SUPERVISION The NEBB Certified FHT Professional shall be responsible for directing technicians in performing the work. Instructions may delineate items such as the scope of work, location, type and quantity of measurements, etc. so that field personnel may know exactly what to do and what is required of them. 2.4.6 PROJECT COMMUNICATION The NEBB Certified FHT Professional shall report on progress made toward work completion, when required, as well as report and address problems if encountered. When a problem exists, the NEBB Certified FHT Professional should notify the appropriate project personnel. 2.4.7 WORK COMPLETION The NEBB Certified FHT Professional shall determine when the fume hood performance testing work has been completed, and when to submit the report. Generally, the specified fume hood performance testing field work is complete when: a) All specified fume hood performance testing is completed; or b) Reasonable efforts within the extent of testing for fume hoods have been performed in an effort
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to complete all required measurements. The NEBB Certified FHT Professional shall notify the appropriate project personnel of any significant system deficiencies preventing fume hood performance testing from being performed before the final report is submitted. 2.4.8 COMPILATION AND SUBMISSION OF FINAL FHT REPORTS Reports shall include information and data to provide an accurate quantitative and qualitative record of system measurements and information. Reports also shall include notes and comments, as appropriate, to provide the reviewer with additional details related to the test procedure, system operation and results. Reports shall meet the criteria listed in Section 5. The certification page shall bear the stamp of the NEBB Certified FHT Professional. The stamp on the certification page shall be signed as evidence that the NEBB Certified FHT Professional has personally reviewed and accepted the report. Signature stamps are specifically prohibited.
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SECTION 3 RESPONSIBILITIES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Many approaches can be taken to deliver successful performance testing of fume hoods on a project. In order to maximize value and benefits from fume hood performance testing, it is important to understand that the design professionals and other construction team members have responsibilities that will affect the outcome of the fume hood testing process. The following outline represents recommended practices that may take place on a conventional design/bid/buy/construct delivery project or on a direct procurement project between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. While other delivery approaches exist, the overall concept of the delineation of responsibilities remains. The Owner/Buyer must be the responsible party that dictates the recommended following procedures.
g) Provide adequate access to all equipment and components required by the fume hood performance testing process.
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NEBB FHT PROCEDURAL STANDARDS 3.2.2 CONSTRUCTION TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES It is recommended that the construction team must:
SECTION 3 RESPONSIBILITIES
a) Provide the NEBB Certified FHT Firm with a conformed set of contract documents (drawings, specifications, and approved submittals), including all current approved change orders and contract modifications. b) Develop a project schedule, with the input of the NEBB Certified FHT Firm that coordinates the work of other disciplines and provides adequate time in the construction process to allow successful completion of the fume hood performance testing work. c) Notify the NEBB Certified FHT Firm of all schedule changes. d) Ensure that the building enclosure is complete, including but not limited to, all structural components, windows and doors installed, door hardware complete, floor and ceilings complete. Ensure that the building enclosure and components are complete and operational such that the performance of the fume hoods would not be adversely affected. e) Ensure that all necessary building systems are complete and are operating in a safe manner. f) Complete the installation of permanent electrical power systems serving the building systems. Such electrical systems shall be properly installed in accordance with all applicable codes to ensure the safety of all construction personnel.
g) Perform start up of all building systems in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. h) Complete the installation, programming (including design parameters and graphics), calibration and startup of all building control systems. Verify that the building control system provider has commissioned and documented all building control work. i) Complete all TAB related work. A copy of the completed TAB Report shall be furnished to the NEBB FHT Firm. If this is a recertification project, provide the NEBB FHT Firm with a copy of the most recent TAB Report or the most recent Fume Hood Performance Test Report.
3.2.3 NEBB CERTIFIED FHT FIRM RESPONSIBILITIES The NEBB Certified FHT Firm SHALL: a) Follow the current NEBB standards and procedures when performing the fume hood performance testing. b) Communicate on a regular basis, through proper channels, items pertaining to design, installation or function that prevent the NEBB Certified FHT Firm from achieving completion of the FHT work in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing. c) Perform the required fume hood performance tests. d) Publish a NEBB Certified FHT Report of final conditions that accurately reflect the results of the fume hood performance testing.
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4.3 Calibration
Annual Calibration ALL fume hood performance testing instrumentation SHALL be maintained with a current annual calibration certificate, traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), or equivalent organizations in other countries, or manufacturers specifications, whichever is more stringent. Firms with multiple sets of instrumentation SHALL calibrate all instrumentation used by the firm on FHT projects in accordance with Table 4-1 as a minimum requirement for NEBB certification.
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12 Months
16
Instruments & Equipment Small Smoke Source (One of the following Shall be provided)
Description Puffer Disposal flexible dispenser containing powder-based material Smoke Pen Smoke emitting wick Smoke Stick/Bottle - A smoke stick/bottle containing titanium tetrachloride. Other Smoke Source - Any device that can generate a small relatively neutrally buoyant smoke source.
Video Recorder (Optional) Large Smoke Source Generator (one of the following Shall be provided)
An aerosol generator that can aerosolize artificial liquid medium utilizing compressed air and Laskin nozzle. Smoke Generator, such as a theatrical smoke generator with a fluid approved by the owner, designer or AHJ.
Not Required
Video Recorder (Optional) Tracer Gas Containment Tests (Section 11.2) Detection Calibrator A device used to calibrate the detection instrument in accordance with manufacturers specifications. Ejector system with critical orifice Shall conform to the requirements as indicated in the current edition of ASHRAE Standard 110. See Appendix C for instrument specifications. Mechanical device Range: 0 15 L/m Accuracy: 0.1 L/m Resolution: 0.1 L/m Flow Meter (measurements shall be adjusted for specific tracer gas) Range: 1 10 L/m Accuracy: 3% Resolution: 0.5 L/m Tracer Gas (One of the following Shall be provided) Sulfur Hexaflouride (SF6) Commercial grade (Minimum purity of 99%) Other acceptable gas may be used and should be approximately the same molecular weight, stability, and grade as SF6. Other acceptable gas shall be approved by the owner, designer, or AHJ.
12 months
Not Required
Not Required
Not Required
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Description A three-dimensional mannequin (torso) shall be fully clothed that would replicate a normal operator complete with laboratory coat. The height must be adjustable to meet the height requirements of the various hood configurations; i.e. standard bench hood, ADA height, walk, etc. Probe shall be placed in the normal breathing zone based on the various heights.
Video Recorder (Optional) Tracer Gas Detection Instrument (One of the following Shall be provided) Spectrophotometer - A digital, single beam, infrared spectrophotometer consisting of a portable gas analyzer and a separate ac/dc converter. The spectrophotometer must be capable of measuring sulfur hexaflouride (SF6), or other approved tracer gas and display in concentration measurement units (ppm). The minimum response time shall be 1 second and capable of interfacing with a data logger / computer to collect readings. Accuracy: 15% of reading between five times minimum detectable concentration and the upper value range. Noise: Maximum of 0.004 absorbance units (AU) with 20.25 m pathlengths at 12.0 m wavelength and with AgBr lenses at 75F (23 C) operating temperature. Drift: Maximum of 0.004 AU per 8 hours The internal diameter of the probe tip shall be less than 0.5 inches (12mm). The detection instruments calibration shall be capable of being field-verified. Electron Capture Detector (Leak Meter) The unit shall be configured to measure sulfur hexaflouride (SF6), or other approved tracer gas and display in concentration measurement units (ppm). The minimum detection range shall be 0.01 ppm The minimum resolution shall be 0.01 ppm The minimum response time shall be 1 second and capable of interfacing with a data logger / computer to collect readings. The minimum accuracy shall be 25% for readings between 0.05 ppm to 0.1 ppm and 10% for readings above 0.1 ppm The internal diameter of the probe tip shall be less than 0.5 inches (12mm). The detection instruments calibration shall be capable of being field-verified.
12 Months
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5.2.2 REPORT CERTIFICATION The certification page SHALL bear the stamp of the NEBB Certified FHT Professional. The stamp on the certification page SHALL be signed as evidence that the NEBB Certified Professional has reviewed and accepted the report. Signature stamps are specifically prohibited. Shall Data: Project Name; Certifying NEBB Certified FHT Professionals Name; Firm Name; Certification Number; Expiration Date; Certifying NEBB Certified FHT Professionals NEBB Stamp (signed & dated); and either of the following exact certification verbiage. Where fume hood performance testing was performed in complete accordance with the requirements of this Procedural Standard, the following exact verbiage shall be used on the Report Certification page: "THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT IS A RECORD OF THE FUME HOOD PERFORMANCE TESTING OBTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE CURRENT EDITION OF THE NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARDS FOR FUME HOOD PERFORMANCE TESTING. ANY VARIANCES FROM DESIGN / OR INDUSTRY STANDARDS WHICH EXCEED THE LIMITS SET BY THE CONTRACT DOCUMENTS, OR WHICH EXCEED THE LIMITS AGREED TO BETWEEN THE OWNER AND THE NEBB CERTIFIED FHT FIRM ARE NOTED THROUGHOUT THIS REPORT AND / OR IN THE REPORT PROJECT SUMMARY." NEBB recommends that fume hood testing should be performed in accordance with the requirements of these Procedural Standards and that all three of the primary tests (Airflow Velocity Tests, Airflow Visualizations Tests, and Tracer Gas Containment Tests) are performed. There may be cases where the scope of the work requires testing to other industry standards, or requires testing to a scope of work that is specified or as agreed to between the owner / buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Under these conditions, a NEBB Certified FHT Firm may still issues a NEBB Certified FHT Report, but the procedural variances SHALL be clearly delineated in the project scope of work and the above Certification Statement SHALL be modified to reflect the actual scope of work or other industry testing standards to qualify as a NEBB Certified Report. See Section 2.3.1. Should Data: Disclaimer statement with the following suggested wording: The results shown and information given in this report are certified to be accurate and complete to the extent possible by equipment and procedures used on this date. ___(Insert Company Name)_____________________________________ warrants that the equipment or system listed above and/or identified in this report is operating at the specified levels as shown, at and only at this time, and makes no other warranties, stated or implied, concerning the continued performance, operation or safety in use of this equipment past this time. Note: The Certification Statement and the Disclaimer Statement may be included on the report title page or on a separate certification page. 5.2.3 TABLE OF CONTENTS The table of contents shall serve as a guide to the organization of the FHT report. Shall Data: Page numbers of system and component information in the report.
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5.2.4 REPORT SUMMARY / REMARKS A NEBB Certified FHT Report includes a narrative description of test methods and system set-up conditions established prior to testing. The narrative should explain the rational for system parameters, such as the Test Setup Mode, and the steps taken to achieve the desired set-up. This section also includes a listing of deficiencies in the summary and identifies the appropriate pages in the report. Deficiencies or other issues that are critical in nature relative to occupant health or facility safety shall be red tagged and brought to the immediate attention of the AHJ. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm SHALL NOT wait to identify these issues on a final FHT Report. Shall Data: Summary of all items that exceed Contract Document tolerances or any other items that require discussion / explanation. 5.2.5 ALL REPORT PAGES All tested items included in the NEBB FHT Report shall be clearly identified with its associated fume hood designation number or other unique descriptor. The location of each tested item shall also be identified on each report page. The location identifier should be the room number, the space number or other unique descriptor to clearly identify the tested item. The method of identification shall use schematic diagrams, mechanical plans where permissible, or a narrative description. Each data form supplied in a NEBB FHT Report shall include the name of the responsible technician / NEBB Certified FHT Professional who reported the information, and the time period the data was collected. Shall Data: Project name. All pages shall be numbered consecutively. May Data: Remarks section to record any information pertinent to the data reported on the data sheet. 5.2.6 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION This is an overall listing of the instruments that will be used to verify the reported data. Shall Data: Instrument type Instrument manufacturer Instrument model number Instrument serial number Date of instrument calibration Tracer Gas purity certification 5.2.7 ABBREVIATIONS This is a list of definitions of the relevant abbreviations used in the report. Shall Data: A listing of all abbreviations and their definition as used in the report.
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5.2.8 AIRFLOW VELOCITY TEST REPORT DATA CONSTANT AIR VOLUME SYSTEMS Airflow velocity tests shall be presented in graphical or tabular format for each measurement plane and location and the data shall be reported on the test reporting form(s). Shall Data: Technician Name Date of Test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Design Opening Sash Position (Height and Width) Design Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s)
Average Airflow Face Velocity at each grid location (fpm) (m/s) Average Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Highest Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Lowest Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Test Instrumentation Acceptance Criteria
Should Data: Sash Openings other than Design Conditions and associated results Temperature (F) (C) Altitude and Correction Factor Room Layout Drawing
5.2.9 AIRFLOW VELOCITY TEST REPORT DATA VAV SYSTEMS Airflow velocity tests shall be presented in graphical or tabular format for each measurement plane and location and the data shall be reported on the test reporting form(s). Shall Data: Technician Name Date of Test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Design Opening Sash Position (Height and Width) Design Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Average Airflow Face Velocity at each grid location (fpm) (m/s) Average Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Highest Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Lowest Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Test Instrumentation
Test results reported at 25%, 50% and 100% of specified conditions Speed of Response (in seconds) (3 cycles) Low Value of Range (in percentage) High Value of Range (in percentage) Relative Range (in percentage) Repeatability (in percentage) Time to Steady State (in seconds) (3 cycles) Test Method (exhaust airflow velocity method or fume hood plenum airflow velocity method) Acceptance Criteria
Should Data: Sash Openings other than Design Conditions and associated results Temperature (F) (C) Altitude and Correction Factor Room Layout Drawing
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5.2.10 AIRFLOW VISUALIZATION TEST REPORT DATA LOCAL CHALLENGE Shall Data: Technician Name Date of Test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width
Challenge Medium Used Narrative description of actual visual test results including Statement of Pass/Fail Test Instrumentation Acceptance Criteria
Should Data: Room Layout Drawing May Data: Video tape of actual test 5.2.11 AIRFLOW VISUALIZATION TEST REPORT DATA LARGE VOLUME CHALLENGE Shall Data: Technician Name Date of Test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width
Challenge Medium Used Narrative description of actual visual test results including Statement of Pass/Fail Test Instrumentation Acceptance Criteria
Should Data: Room Layout Drawing May Data: Video tape of actual test 5.2.12 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TEST REPORT DATA STATIC MODE Shall Data: Technician Name Date of test Time of test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Room Layout Drawing Graphical display of each test
Tracer Gas Release Rate Test Instrumentation Report all individual readings, the average and peak at each sample location Report the Performance Rating and compare to the Acceptance Rating. Tests results that exceed acceptance ratings shall be noted in the report.
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5.2.13 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TEST REPORT DATA SASH MOVEMENT EFFECT Shall Data: Technician Name Date of test Time of test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Room Layout Drawing Graphical display of each test Tracer Gas Release Rate Test Instrumentation May Data: Video tape of actual test 5.2.14 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TEST REPORT DATA PERIMETER SCAN Shall Data: Technician Name Date of test Time of test Test Setup Mode Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Room Layout Drawing Fume Hood Face Schematic
Report all individual readings Report the maximum 45 second rolling average associated with each opening of the sash Report the Sash Movement Performance Effect Rating If Acceptance Rating has been defined, test results that exceed acceptance rating shall be noted in the report
Report any measurable leakage Report the location and magnitude of the leakage Tracer Gas Release Rate Test Instrumentation If Acceptance Ratings have been defined, tests results that exceed acceptance ratings shall be noted in the report
May Data: Video tape of actual test 5.2.15 OTHER FUME HOOD PERFORMANCE TEST REPORT DATA Shall Data: As agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm
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PART 2 - PROCEDURES
SECTION 6 LABORATORY AND CLEANROOM SAFETY
6.1 INTRODUCTION
A health and safety program is a definite plan of action designed to prevent accidents and occupational diseases. A health and safety program should include the elements required by all current health and safety legislation as a minimum. This document summarizes the general elements of a health and safety program. This should help NEBB firms to develop programs to deal with their specific needs. Because many small and medium-sized enterprises lack the resources of larger organizations, it is even more vital that small and medium-sized enterprises involve all employees in health and safety activities. The more comprehensive the program is, the more employee involvement can be expected. The health and safety program discussed in this section is a guideline. The project specific safety program shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Most often the NEBB Certified FHT firm will be required to follow the clients project specific safety program; however in the absence of this project specific safety program, the firms Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for a health and safety program SHALL be followed. For this reason, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm SHALL be responsible for creating their own SOP for Safety and develop it into a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for their firm. At a minimum, the NEBB Certified FHT Firms SOP for Laboratory and Cleanroom Safety SHOULD cover design and implementation, responsibilities and elements of the plan as addressed below.
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6.2.1.2 The policy SHOULD be: a. b. c. d. e. Stated in clear, unambiguous, and unequivocal terms Signed by the incumbent chief executive officer Kept up-to-date Communicated to each employee Adhered to in all work activities
6.2.2 DESIGNING A TRAINING PROGRAM The objective of training is to make the implementation of health and safety policies into specific job practices and accepted practice. It also raises awareness and skill levels of a technician to an acceptable standard. 6.2.2.1 Occasions when employee training SHOULD be required are: a. b. c. d. e. Commencement of employment Reassignment or transfer to a new job Introduction of new equipment, processes, or procedures Inadequate performance Customer and job site related chemical or biological hazards, equipment, processes, or procedures.
6.2.2.2 The NEBB Certified FHT Firm SHOULD have the following topics included in the safety training: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. Safety and the supervisor Know your accident problems Human relations Maintaining interest in safety Instructing for safety Industrial hygiene Personal protective equipment Industrial housekeeping Material handling and storage Guarding machines and mechanisms Hand and portable power tools Fire protection
6.2.3 ESSENTIALS OF THE HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM While different NEBB Certified FHT Firms will have different needs and requirements in their health and safety program, the following basic items MAY be considered in each case: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Individual responsibility Occupational health and / or safety representative Health and safety rules Correct work procedures Employee orientation Training Workplace inspections Reporting and investigating accidents
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NEBB FHT PROCEDURAL STANDARDS i. j. k. l. Emergency procedures Medical and first aid Health and safety incentives Workplace specific items
6.3 RESPONSIBILITIES
6.3.1 INDIVIDUAL HEALTH & SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES Health and safety is the joint responsibility of both management and technicians. All health and safety activities are based on specific individual responsibilities. Responsibility may be defined as an individual's obligation to carry out assigned duties. Authority implies the right to make decisions and the power to direct others. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm MAY elect to have its Safety Officer manage the responsibilities in lieu of the NEBB Certified FHT Professional. 6.3.1.1 NEBB Certified Professionals / Safety Officer Responsibilities To fulfill their responsibilities, the NEBB Certified FHT Professional / Safety Officer SHOULD: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. Instruct workers to follow safe work practices Enforce health and safety regulations Correct unsafe acts and unsafe conditions Ensure that only authorized, adequately trained workers operate equipment Report and investigating all accidents/incidents Inspect own area and taking remedial action to minimize or eliminate hazards Ensure equipment is properly maintained Update and maintain company material safety data sheets (MSDS) Promote safety awareness in workers Provide a safe and healthful workplace Establish and maintaining a health and safety program Ensure workers are trained or certified, as required Report accidents and cases of occupational disease to the appropriate authority Ensure access to medical and first aid facilities are available Ensure personal protective equipment is available Provide workers with health and safety information Evaluate health and safety performance of technicians Advise all employees on health and safety matters Coordinate interdepartmental health and safety activities Provide health and safety training Conduct research on special problems Attend health and safety committee meetings as a resource person
6.3.1.2 Field Technician Responsibilities To fulfill their responsibilities, the field technicians SHOULD: a. Use personal protection and safety equipment as required by the client project specific safety program or the NEBB firms SOP b. Follow safe work procedures c. Possess company material safety data sheets (MSDS) d. Know and comply with all regulations e. Report any injury or illness immediately f. Report unsafe acts and unsafe conditions g. Participate in joint health and safety committees h. Know what their responsibilities are (communication required)
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Have sufficient authority to carry them out (organizational issue) Have the required ability and competence (training or certification required)
6.4.1 PROJECT SPECIFIC ITEMS Examples of project specific items that SHOULD be included in health and safety programs are: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Lock out procedures Chemical handling rules Biological material handling rules Personal hygiene Vehicle safety rules Working alone guidelines Personal protective equipment requirements
6.4.2 HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION A good health and safety program provides a clear set of guidelines for activities that, if followed, will reduce accidents and cases of occupational disease. A NEBB Certified FHT Professional SHOULD demonstrate commitment and support the program by: a. Providing resources such as time, money, and personnel b. Ensuring that employees receive training or certification as required c. Making all applicable health and safety information available to all employees entitled to receive it d. Including health and safety performance as part of employee performances appraisals at all levels e. Attending health and safety meetings f. The program must be communicated to all employees g. Special emphasis should be given to new workers, newly appointed NEBB Certified Professionals h. Revisions to policies and procedures should be publicized i. The program should be available in a single written document (However, if separate manuals have been developed for various elements, such as accident investigation procedures, their use should be referred to in the main document)
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be taken to avoid contaminating the exterior surface with the interior of the garment. Proper garment sizing is also required. Once obtained, the garment user should never allow the garment to touch or drag on the floor. 7.2.2 EQUIPMENT ENTRANCE PROCEDURES Tools, instrumentation and equipment also require special preparation before they can be brought into a laboratory/cleanroom. As with gowning, each facility will have their own methods and requirements for introducing these items into a cleanroom. It is imperative that the facility/owners SOP be reviewed for material ingress to their cleanroom. When it exists, this SOP always takes precedence and must be followed. Typically there will be a wipe down station for anything entering the cleanroom. There will also be a wipe down procedure. Often the procedure will involve wipe down with non-contaminating wipes moistened with de-ionized water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or other sterile solvents. The ingress for equipment may be a separate entrance from the gowning entrance. 7.2.3 LABORATORY/CLEANROOM CONDUCT Examples of personnel rules used by laboratory/cleanroom operators may be: a. Clean hands and face before entering clean areas b. Use lotions and soap containing lanolin to reduce skin flaking c. Avoid skin contacts with solvents d. Wearing cosmetics and skin medications may not be permitted e. Jewelry may not be permitted f. Smoking, eating and drinking is not permitted g. Required gowning, masks, gloves and shoe covers to be worn at all times h. Use proper eye protection i. Equipment, instruments and materials should be cleaned before entry j. Non-shedding paper and pens should be used. Pencils and erasers are not permitted k. Work parts are to be handled only with gloved hands, tweezers, or other methods to avoid transfer of skin particles and oils l. Use containers to transfer and/or store materials
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high-performance, radioisotope, perchloric acid, California, and distillation hoods. All of these fume hood types are simply variations of the four common types previously identified with some modifications. A process hood is basically a standard hood without a sash. ASHRAE also identifies a canopy hood as a type of fume hood. This is really a misnomer as a canopy hood is related to a kitchen style grease hood. Like a kitchen hood, the purpose of a canopy hood is to remove heat not fumes. Again, consult the ASHRAE Handbooks or various manufacturers details and submittals data. 8.2.2 FUME HOOD SASH CONFIGURATIONS Fume hood sashes are normally made from safety glass. The purpose of the fume hood sash is twofold: observation and protection. Sash configurations are sometimes identified as sash opening types or sash styles. The wording sash configuration is the most appropriate. Fume hoods can be manufactured in three various sash configurations: horizontal, vertical, and combination. The number of sashes can vary and all sashes may not be operable. Horizontal Sash: In these fume hoods the sash movement is horizontal. The arrangement can be where one or more of the sashes can be opened at any one time and the sashes can be located at any position in the horizontal tracks. Vertical Sash. In these fume hoods the sash movement is vertical. In a vertical sash configuration, there may be one or more sashes and they can be moved completely down for full closed to completely up to full open or any position in between. Combination Sash. As the name implies, the sashes are a combination of vertical and horizontal sashes that serve the fume hood. 8.2.3 TEST SETUP (TEST SETUP MODE) Test Setup is sometimes identified as the Test Setup Mode. Test Setup is defined as the condition that the fume hood will be during the actual test. There are three test setups: As-Manufactured (AM), As-Installed (AI), and As-Used (AU). It is important to note the differences between the three test setups because the various test procedures, reporting and results are unique for each test setup. As-Manufactured (AM): With this test setup, the fume hood is tested at the manufacturers facility or under conditions that would replicate those conditions. The hood and work surface shall be void of all process equipment, apparatus and chemicals. As-Installed (AI): With this test setup, the actual fume hood is tested in its installed, operating condition. All supply, exhaust and return air systems are installed, operable and under control. The hood and work surface shall be void of all process equipment, apparatus and chemicals. As-Used (AU): This test setup is the same as the As-Installed setup except the hood is being utilized for actual process work. Experiment equipment, chemicals and processes are being carried out inside the hood while the fume hood performance testing is being performed. This means that all normal operating equipment within the hood shall be activated and operational including items such as all heat and vapor producing appliances, physical obstructions, etc.
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When doing fume hood performance testing in accordance with the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing, the test setup shall be defined prior to testing. Test setup shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm.
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9.2 AIRFLOW FACE VELOCITY TEST CONSTANT AIR VOLUME (CAV) FUME HOOD
9.2.1 INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT 9.2.1.1 Provide airflow velocity measuring instruments that conform to the requirements of Table 4-1. 9.2.1.2 Provide a linear measuring device. 9.2.1.3 Provide an equipment stand. 9.2.2 TEST PROCEDURES (Average Airflow Face Velocity) 9.2.2.1 Set hood to the design opening sash position as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Measure the area of the opening. The area shall be determined as follows: Height: Height shall be based on the dimension from the bottom most part of the sash to the work surface located in a straight plane directly beneath the sash for vertical sashes, or the opening between horizontal tracks on horizontal sashes. Width: Width shall be based on the interior dimensions of the design sash opening.
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9.2.2.2 Determine a grid pattern of equal areas by dividing the opening into horizontal and vertical dimensions. Each equal area grid location shall be a maximum of one (1) square foot (0.093 m) with no dimension larger than 13 (330 mm). See Appendix E for an example of the proper method to determine a grid pattern. 9.2.2.3 Place the instrument on the equipment stand and locate the instrument in the center of each grid location in the plane of the sash opening and normal to the plane. All personnel should stand clear of the hood so as not to affect the airflow. 9.2.2.4 Measure and record the airflow face velocities at the center of each grid location. Each grid location shall have a minimum of 20 samples taken at one second intervals. Average the 20 samples at each location to determine the airflow face velocity at each grid location. Report the average of each grid location. 9.2.2.5 The airflow face velocity is determined by averaging the airflow face velocity from each grid location. Report the average airflow face velocity and the highest and lowest grid location average. 9.2.2.6 If the actual average airflow face velocity as determined above does not meet the acceptance criteria as identified in Section 9.2.3, remedial work, if required, shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the owner/buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 9.2.2.7 For reference and safety purposes, the fume hood airflow face velocity should also be determined at a full open sash position. The procedure to be followed shall be as previously indicated above. 9.2.2.8 It should be noted that the total fume hood exhaust volume is NOT equal to the average airflow face velocity being captured through the sash opening. Additionally, air will enter the hood under the airfoil and may enter the hood through leakage and other openings. 9.2.3 ACCEPTANCE The acceptance criteria shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 9.2.4 REPORTING See Section 5.2.8 for reporting requirements.
9.3 AIRFLOW FACE VELOCITY TEST VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) FUME HOOD
Variable air volume hoods are tested in a similar manner to constant air volume hoods for determining airflow face velocity. Additionally, VAV hoods are also tested to determine response time to return to a near steady-state condition after a change in sash position. Prior to conducting the Airflow Velocity Test for a VAV fume hood, all controls, sensors and components shall be verified as to their operation, calibration and proper sequencing. 9.3.1 INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT 9.3.1.1 Provide airflow velocity measuring instruments that conform to the requirements of Table 4-1.
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9.3.1.2 Provide a linear measuring device. 9.3.1.3 Provide an equipment stand. 9.3.2 TEST PROCEDURES (Average Airflow Face Velocity) 9.3.2.1 Set hood to the design opening sash position as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Measure the area of the opening. The area shall be determined as follows: Height: Height shall be based on the dimension from the bottom most part of the sash to the work surface located in a straight plane directly beneath the sash for vertical sashes, or the opening between horizontal tracks on horizontal sashes. Width: Width shall be based on the interior dimensions of the design sash opening.
9.3.2.2 Determine a grid pattern of equal areas by dividing the opening into horizontal and vertical dimensions. Each equal area grid location shall be a maximum of one (1) square foot (0.093 m) with no dimension larger than 13 (330 mm). See Appendix E for an example of the proper method to determine a grid pattern. 9.3.2.3 Place the instrument on the equipment stand and locate the instrument in the center of each grid location in the plane of the sash opening and normal to the plane. All personnel should stand clear of the hood so as not to affect the airflow. 9.3.2.4 Measure and record the airflow face velocities at the center of each grid location. Each grid location shall have a minimum of 20 samples taken at one second intervals. Average the 20 samples at each location to determine the airflow face velocity at each grid location. 9.3.2.5 The airflow face velocity is determined by averaging the airflow face velocity from each grid location. Report the average airflow face velocity and the highest and lowest grid location average. 9.3.2.6 If the actual average airflow face velocity as determined above does not meet the acceptance criteria as identified in Section 9.3.4, remedial work, if required, shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the owner/buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 9.3.2.7 For reference and safety purposes, the fume hood airflow face velocity should also be determined at a full open sash position. The procedure to be followed shall be as previously indicated above. 9.3.2.8 Reduce the sash position to 50% of the specified opening and repeat airflow face velocity measurements/calculations as described above. Record the average airflow face velocity at the 50% opening position. 9.3.2.9 Reduce the sash position to 25% of the specified opening and repeat airflow face velocity measurements/calculations as described above. Record the average airflow face velocity at the 25% opening position. 9.3.2.10 It should be noted that the total fume hood exhaust volume is NOT equal to the average
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airflow face velocity being captured through the sash opening. Additionally, air will enter the hood under the airfoil and may enter the hood through leakage and other openings. 9.3.3 TEST PROCEDURES (Response Time) There are two acceptable methods to perform and measure VAV Speed of Response Tests: exhaust duct airflow velocity or hood plenum airflow velocity. Determine the baseline and response conditions by either of the following methods: a. Exhaust duct airflow velocity method: Place the sensing device in a stable (non-turbulent airflow) location of the exhaust duct, or b. Fume hood plenum airflow velocity method: Place sensing device in the fume hood plenum behind the baffle panel in a stable (non-turbulent airflow) location. See Appendix B for proper locations. 9.3.3.1 Measure the velocity at the operating sash opening to establish a baseline condition. 9.3.3.2 The Response Time Test involves 3 cycles of opening and closing the sash position from full closed to the operating sash opening. When changing the sash position, use a smooth continuous motion and move the sash at a rate of approximately 1.5 feet per second (0.45 m/s). 9.3.3.3 Close the sash completely, start velocity measurements recording and leave closed for 30 seconds. Open the sash to the operating sash opening for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 30 seconds. Open the sash to the operating opening for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 30 seconds. Open the sash to the operating sash opening for 60 seconds and then stop velocity measurement recording. 9.3.3.4 Measure and record velocity readings at one second intervals. 9.3.3.5 Measure, record and report the VAV Speed of Response Time to first obtain a velocity equal to 90% of baseline condition for each iteration. 9.3.3.6 Measure, record and report the VAV Time to Steady State to maintain the velocity to within 10% of baseline condition for each iteration. 9.3.3.7 Perform measurements for all 3 cycles. The procedure stated above applies to either vertical or horizontal sash configurations. For fume hoods with combination sash configurations, the procedure shall be performed both in the vertical and in the horizontal sash opening positions. 9.3.3.8 The repeatability of the results shall be analyzed for all three cycles by determining the relative range of the response times for all three cycles. The relative range is the comparison of the lowest response time and highest response time to the average response time. It shall be calculated as follows: 9.3.3.8.1 Low Value of Range: Divide the minimum response time by the average response time.
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High Value of Range: Divide the maximum response time by the average response time. Relative Range: The range from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range. Repeatability: The difference from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range
All of the above values shall be reported as percentages. See Appendix E for an example of the test reporting. 9.3.4 ACCEPTANCE The acceptance criteria for the speed of response time, time to steady state, and the repeatability shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner / Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 9.3.5 REPORTING See Section 5.2.9 for reporting requirements.
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entrained in a vortex at the top of the hood. 10.2.2.3 Position the smoke source along the sides and bottom of the hood in the sash plane opening. For combination, or horizontal sash fume hoods, pass smoke source along the inside edge of all openings. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood and exhausted properly. 10.2.2.4 Place the smoke source 6 (152 mm) inside the hood along the bottom of, and parallel to, the sash. Move along the entire length of the sash bottom. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 10.2.2.5 Move the smoke source so that it traverses the entire work surface and around internal equipment when applicable. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 10.2.2.6 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and determine effects of room and HVAC system conditions by observing the smoke patterns. 10.2.2.7 Place smoke source in cavity above the hood opening and observe the smoke roll inside the hood. 10.2.2.8 For VAV system fume hoods, close all sashes and traverse the smoke source around the sash perimeter, under the airfoil and at the bypass intake above the sash. Verify that air is not escaping the hood around the sash perimeter and all smoke is drawn into the hood under the airfoil and at the bypass intake. 10.2.3 ACCEPTANCE Smoke shall be contained within the fume hood under all test procedures. If the smoke escapes the fume hood under any of the above test procedures, the hood fails and shall be so noted in the report. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall immediately notify the Owner / Buyer in writing that a hood has failed. 10.2.4 REPORTING See Section 5.2.10 for reporting requirements.
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10.3.1.2 Provide a video recorder that meets the requirements of Table 4-1. (Optional) 10.3.2 TEST PROCEDURES 10.3.2.1 Set the sash position to operating condition as determined by the Airflow Face Velocity Test. 10.3.2.2 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and under the airfoil. Move along the entire length of the opening. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood, properly exhausted and not entrained in a vortex at the top of the hood. 10.3.2.3 Discharge the smoke source as close to the sash plane as practical for containment and maximum observation time. Position the smoke source along the sides and bottom of the hood. For combination, or horizontal sash fume hoods, pass smoke source along the inside edge of all openings. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood and exhausted properly. 10.3.2.4 Discharge the smoke source as close to the sash plane as practical for containment and maximum observation time. Place the smoke source inside the hood along the bottom of, and parallel to, the sash. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 10.3.2.5 Move the smoke source so that it traverses the entire work surface and around internal equipment when applicable. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 10.3.2.6 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and determine effects of room and HVAC system conditions by observing the smoke patterns. 10.3.2.7 Place smoke source in cavity above the hood opening and observe the smoke roll inside the hood. 10.3.2.8 For VAV system fume hoods, place the smoke source within the fume hood and close all sashes. Flood the interior of the fume hood with the smoke source and verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and exhausted properly. 10.3.2.8 Observe the smoke patterns for containment tests from the side of the hood face. 10.3.3 ACCEPTANCE Smoke shall be contained within the fume hood under all test procedures. If the smoke escapes the fume hood under any of the above test procedures, the hood fails and shall be so noted in the report. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall immediately notify the Owner / Buyer in writing that a hood has failed. 10.3.4 REPORTING See Section 5.2.11 for reporting requirements.
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Finally, Tracer Gas Containment Tests should only be performed after the Airflow Velocity Tests and the Airflow Visualization Tests are successfully completed.
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Perform a field calibration of the detection instrument and the ejector system in accordance with manufacturers recommendations prior to performing each tracer gas test session. Perform a field verification of the detection instrument calibration at the end of the test session using a known concentration of tracer gas. It is recommended that the detection instrument be periodically subjected to a low level concentration of tracer gas as the test session progresses to verify instrument functionality. If the verification test fails, re-calibrate the detection instrument and perform the tracer gas test session again. A test session shall be defined as any time the detection instrument is powered up and down. While the test procedures identified below are based on using SF6, there may be some slight variances based on the use of another tracer gas. 11.2.1 INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT 11.2.1.1 Provide a detection instrument w/calibrator that meets the requirements of Table 4-1. 11.2.1.2 Provide an ejector system w/calibrator or bubble gauge that meets the requirements of Table 41. 11.2.1.3 Provide a tracer gas that meets the requirements of Table 4-1 and Section 11.2 11.2.1.4 Provide a mannequin that meets the requirements of Table 4-1. 11.2.1.5 Provide a data logger that meets the requirements of Table 4-1. 11.2.1.6 Provide a video recorder that meets the requirements of Table 4-1. (Optional) 11.2.2 TEST PROCEDURES (Static Mode) 11.2.2.1 Set the sash position to operating condition as determined by the Airflow Face Velocity Test. If the test is performed at conditions other than full open, it is suggested that this test should also be performed at full open sash position to determine the effect of misuse or conditions during equipment setup or loading. 11.2.2.2 Perform a background measurement test of the room concentration levels at a representative location. If during the test a steady increase in the sample readings is noted, perform background measurements to assist in determining the source. 11.2.2.3 All dimensions identified below in locating the ejector system are meant to indicate the near edge of the ejector base. The ejector system shall be located 6 (152 mm) behind the sash for all test locations. This places the detection sensor / sensing tube 9 (229 mm) from the ejector. If this location cannot be accomplished due to equipment placement or other obstructions, move the ejector system and move the detection sensor / sensing tube to a suitable location that will maintain the 9 (229 mm) spacing, or as close as possible to the 9 (229 mm) spacing. Use the following method to identify the ejector system locations: a. Vertical Sash: Three (3) locations are required for fume hood 8 (2.4 m) or less: 12 (304 mm) from the left wall, 12 (304 mm) from the right wall and in the center. Four (4) locations are required for fume hoods greater than 8 (2.4 m): 12 (304 mm) from the left wall, 12 (304 mm) left of center line, 12 (304 mm) right of center line and 12 (304 mm) from the right wall.
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b. Horizontal Sash: Centerline of each design and/or maximum opening space as previously determined in the Airflow Velocity Tests. c. Combination Sash: Locations shall be determined by both the vertical and horizontal sash configurations described above. 11.2.2.4 Place the ejector system inside the fume hood at the first location. 11.2.2.5 The mannequin shall be directly in front of the ejector system at each test location. The detection sensor/sensing tube shall be located in the breathing zone of the mannequin at a distance of 9 (229 mm) from the near edge of the ejector system typically 3 (76 mm) from the face of the sash and 22 (559 mm) above the work surface. 11.2.2.6 Release the tracer gas at the rate as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. If a release rate has not been specified, then the release rate shall be 4 l/m. Wait 30 seconds before taking samples. 11.2.2.7 Record samples every second for a duration of 5 minutes. 11.2.2.8 Proceed to the next test location and repeat procedure. 11.2.2.9 Report all of the individual readings, the average and the peak concentration for each test location. 11.2.2.10 The performance rating is the highest average of the test locations. Performance Rating shall be reported as follows: AM yyy AI yyy AU yyy Where yyy is the highest average concentration of the test locations in ppm. See Appendix E for an example of the test reporting. 11.2.3 ACCEPTANCE (Static Mode) Acceptance ratings for the Static Mode Tests shall be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner / Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Where acceptance ratings have not been defined, the average concentration shall be no greater than those specified in ANSI Z9.5 and shall be as follows: 0.050 ppm for AM at a release rate of 4 l/m 0.100 ppm for AI at a release rate of 4 l/m 0.100 ppm for AU at a release rate of 4 l/m Results should also be evaluated by Owners / Buyers properly trained personnel for acceptable rating. 11.2.4 REPORTING (Static Mode) See Section 5.2.12 for reporting requirements. The Static Mode
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11.2.5 TEST PROCEDURES (Sash Movement Effect) 11.2.5.1 All dimensions identified below in locating the ejector system are meant to indicate the near edge of the ejector base. The ejector system shall be located 6 (152 mm) behind the sash and shall be located in the center of the fume hood. This places the detection sensor / sensing tube 9 (229 mm) from the ejector. If this location cannot be accomplished due to equipment placement or other obstructions, move the ejector system and the detection sensor / sensing tube to a suitable location that will maintain the 9 (228 mm) spacing. 11.2.5.2 The mannequin shall be directly in front of the ejector system at each test location. The detection sensor/sensing tube shall be located in the breathing zone of the mannequin at a distance of 9 (229 mm) from the near edge of the ejector system typically 3 (76 mm) from the face of the sash and 22 (559 mm) above the work surface. 11.2.5.3 Release the tracer gas at the rate as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. If a release rate has not been specified, then the release rate shall be 4 l/m. 11.2.5.4 The Sash Movement Effect Test involves 3 cycles of opening and closing the sash position from full closed to operating position. When changing the sash position, use a smooth continuous motion and move the sash at a rate of approximately 1.0 to 1.5 feet per second (0.30 to 0.45 m/s). 11.2.5.5 Close the sash completely, start recording and leave closed for 60 seconds. Open the sash to the operating position for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 60 seconds. Open the sash to the operating position for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 60 seconds. Open the sash to the operating position for 60 seconds and then stop recording. 11.2.5.6 For combination hoods, testing shall be performed in both the vertical and in the horizontal positions. 11.2.5.7 Record samples every second continuously for all three cycles. 11.2.5.8 Calculate the 45 second rolling average for each cycle. Record the maximum rolling average associated with each opening of the sash. The Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating shall be reported as follows: SME AM yyy SME AI yyy SME AU yyy Where yyy is the maximum rolling average tracer gas concentration in ppm. See Appendix E for an example of the calculations and the reporting. 11.2.6 ACCEPTANCE Acceptance ratings for the Sash Movement Effect (SME) may be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the owner / buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Report the performance rating as indicated above. Results should also be evaluated by Owners/Buyers properly trained personnel for acceptable ratings.
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11.2.7 REPORTING See Section 5.2.12 for reporting requirements. 11.2.8 TEST PROCEDURES (Perimeter Scan) 11.2.8.1 Open the sash to the same operating position utilized when performing the Static Mode Test as described above. 11.2.8.2 Place the ejector system in the center of the of the work surface (center from left to right and center from the sash plane to the baffle). 11.2.8.3 Remove the mannequin from the front of the fume hood. Remove the detection sensor/sensing tube from the mannequin. 11.2.8.4 Release the gas at the rate as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. If a release rate has not been specified, then the release rate shall be 4 l/m. Release the gas for 30 seconds prior to scanning. 11.2.8.5 While holding the detection sensor/sensing tube in your hand, scan the perimeter of the sash opening and below the airfoil at a rate of not more than 3/sec (76 mm/sec). Detection sensor/sensing tube shall be passed 1 (25 mm) from the outside surface of the fume hood. 11.2.8.6 Record any measurable leakage and report the location and magnitude. See Appendix E for an example of the test reporting. 11.2.9 ACCEPTANCE Acceptance ratings for the Perimeter Scan may be as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Report the results as indicated above. Results should also be evaluated by Owners/Buyers properly trained personnel for acceptable results. 11.2.10 REPORTING See Section 5.2.12 for reporting requirements.
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If any other tests are required, the test instrumentation, test procedures, acceptance criteria and reporting shall be specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 12.3.1 ROOM AIRFLOW VELOCITY TESTS Room airflow velocity tests may be performed to determine the velocity pattern(s) of the air being supplied to a space, or the air being returned or exhausted from a space. This test may be utilized as a diagnostic tool when trouble shooting a project where containment enclosures such as fume hoods are not performing adequately due to poor air distribution layout.
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When performing this test, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm should follow the procedures and requirements as identified in the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Certified Testing of Cleanrooms. 12.3.2 TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY UNIFORMITY TESTS Temperature and/or humidity uniformity tests may be performed to determine the temperature and/or humidity gradient that may exist in a space. This test may be utilized as a diagnostic tool when trouble shooting a project where excessive temperature and/or humidity differentials may exist and could effect the results of the process being conducted in a containment enclosure. When performing this test, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm should follow the procedures and requirements as identified in the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Certified Testing of Cleanrooms. 12.3.3 SOUND AND VIBRATION LEVEL TESTS Sound level tests may be performed to determine the overall sound pressure levels in an operating space. Vibration level tests may be performed to determine vibration magnitude levels of rotating equipment that may be in, or adjacent to an operating space. These tests may be performed as an adjunct test to normal fume hood performance testing or may be used as a diagnostic tool when trouble shooting a project where sound and/or vibration levels may be excessive. When performing these tests, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm should follow the procedures and requirements as identified in the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. 12.3.4 CROSS DRAFT CONDITION TESTS Cross draft condition tests may be performed to document the performance of the fume hoods containment ability when external draft conditions are present. Laboratory/Cleanroom designers and the installing contractors should be aware of the impact of the items such as: a. b. c. d. The location of the fume hood in the space Location of doors whose opening and closing may cause a draft condition The location of overhead supply, return and exhaust air devices may affect the draft conditions The relative adjacency of other containment devices
The NEBB Certified FHT Firm is required to prepare a layout drawing of the space prior to testing the fume hood tracer gas tests (See Section 11.1) that identifies these components. The fume hood performance may be acceptable to the somewhat static conditions described in Sections 9, 10 and 11 while these standard tests are performed and yet may not provide adequate containment when subjected to unusual, or artificially, created conditions. These draft tests may include testing the performance in concert with a cross-draft, down-draft, or back-draft condition. Additionally, a test designed to simulate the action of personnel walking across the face of the hood during its operation may also display an unsafe condition. The purpose of all of these draft tests is to make the owner/ operators aware of these influences on a fume hoods performance. The scope of work, the acceptance criteria and the reporting shall be in accordance with the requirements of the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm.
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12.3.5 OTHER TESTS Other tests may also be performed and reported by the NEBB Certified FHT Firm based on the requirements of the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm.
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Deficiency: Any circumstance or operation that affects the measurement results as compared to the design criteria required by the contract documents. Design Sash Opening: The position of the sash at which the design team assumes that the fume hood will be operating. Face Velocity: The average velocity of air moving perpendicular to the hood face, usually expressed in feet per minute (fpm) or meters per second (m/s). Fume Hood (sometimes referred to as a laboratory hood): A box-like structure enclosing a source of potential air contamination, normally with one open or partially open side, into which air is moved for the purpose of containing and exhausting air contaminants. A fume hood is generally used for bench-scale laboratory operations but does not necessarily involve the use of a bench or table. Fume Hood System: An arrangement consisting of a fume hood, its adjacent room environment, and the air exhaust equipment, such as blowers and ductwork, required to make the hood operable. Function: For the purposes of this NEBB Standard, function refers to the specific type of data measurement specified in Section 4, Standards for Instrumentation and Calibration. High Value of Range: The maximum response time divided by the average response time of the VAV Response Time Test. Value is expressed as a percentage. Hood Face: The plane of minimum area at the front portion of a laboratory fume hood through which air enters when the sash(es) is (are) fully opened, usually in the same plane as the sash for a hood with a vertical sash. For a hood with horizontal sash(es) or a combination sash, the hood face is usually the plane passing through the midpoint between the inner and outer sashes. Lazy Airflow: Airflow within the hood is described as lazy when smoke remains on the work surface without smoothly flowing to the back baffle. LPM: Liters per minutes. Low Value of Range: The minimum response time divided by the average response time of the VAV Response Time Test. Value is expressed as a percentage. May: Used to indicate a course of action that is permissible as determined by the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. Maximum Sash Opening: The position of the sash at which the fume hood has the largest opening. N/A: Not Available, Not Applicable, or Not Accessible. The simple notation N/A without definition is not allowed. NEBB Certified FHT Firm: A NEBB Certified FHT Firm is a firm that has met and maintains all the requirements of the National Environmental Balancing Bureau for firm certification in Fume Hood Performance Testing and is currently certified by NEBB. A NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall employ at least one NEBB Certified FHT Professional in a full time management position.
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NEBB Certified FHT Report: The data presented in a NEBB Certified FHT Report accurately represents system measurements obtained in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing. A NEBB Certified FHT Report does not necessarily guarantee that systems measured conform to the design requirements or stated guidelines. The report is an accurate representation of the measured results only. NEBB Certified FHT Professional: A NEBB Certified FHT Professional is a full time employee of the firm in a management position who has successfully passed the professional level written and practical qualification examinations and maintains the Ceretified Professional re-certification requirements of NEBB. Operating Sash Opening: The position of the sash at which the fume hood user places the sash while working at the face of the fume hood. The operating sash opening should take into consideration all of the procedures to be conducted in the fume hood. There may be more than one operating sash opening. Performance Rating: Rating definition of the Static Mode Test portion of the Tracer Gas Tests. It is comprised of a series of letters and numbers consisting of the letters AM, AI, or AU, and three-digit number: AM yyy AI yyy AU yyy Where: AM indicates the test setup is "As Manufactured," AI indicates the test setup is "As Installed," AU indicates the test setup is "As Used," yyy indicates the control level of tracer gas established by the test in ppm. As an example: A test rating of AU 0.500 would indicate that the fume hood controls the leakage into the laboratory to 0.500 ppm at the mannequin's sensing point with a tracer gas release rate of 4.0 Lpm. Positional Sash Movement Effect Control Level: The maximum 45-second moving average of the tracer gas concentration observed during a series of sash movement tests at one ejector and mannequin position. Positional Control Level: The average tracer gas concentration at a position during a test. Precision: The ability of an instrument to produce repeatable readings of the same quantity under the same conditions. The precision of an instrument refers to its ability to produce a tightly grouped set of values around the mean value of the measured quantity. PPM: Parts per million. Procedure: The approach to and execution of a sequence of work operations to yield a repeatable and defined result. Range: The upper and lower limits of an instruments ability to measure the value of a quantity for which the instrument is calibrated.
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Relative Range: The range from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range. Reported as percentages. Release Rate: The rate of release, in actual liters (litres) per minute (Lpm), of tracer gas during a hood test. Repeatability: The difference from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range. Reported as a percentage. Resolution: The smallest change in a measured variable that an instrument can detect. Reverse Flow: Airflow within the hood when smoke released in the hood moves forward toward the front of the hood. This term does not apply to the forward motion of the roll inside the hood that occurs in the upper cavity of the hood above the hood opening or to the cyclonic motion that occurs behind a closed horizontal sash. Roll: The rotation of air, commonly referred to as vortex, in the upper cavity of the hood. The roll is induced by the momentum of the air entering the hood through the hood opening. Sash Movement Effect: The maximum of the positional sash movement effects for all the positions tested on a particular hood. Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating: Rating definition of the Sash Movement Effect Test portion of the Tracer Gas Tests. It is comprised of a series of letters and numbers consisting of the letters SME-AM, SME-AI, or SME-AU, and three-digit number: SME-AM yyy SME-AI yyy SME-AU yyy Where: SME means "sash movement effect," AM indicates the test setup was "As Manufactured," AI indicates the test setup was "As Installed," AU indicates the test setup was "As Used," yyy equals the sash movement effect, in ppm. For example: A test rating of SME-AI 10.0, indicates the fume hood was tested in the AsInstalled test setup and that the maximum 45-second rolling average concentration of tracer gas measured during a sash movement test was 10.0 ppm with a tracer gas release rate of 4.0 Lpm . Shall: The term is used to indicate mandatory requirements that must be followed in order for the project to become a NEBB certified project. Work must conform to these standards and procedures and no deviation is permitted. Note: In the event unique circumstances prevent a required action from being fulfilled, a notation shall be included in the FHT report explaining the reason that the requirement was not completed. For example, such notation could be one of the following: Not Available, Not Applicable, or Not Accessible. The simple notation N/A without definition is not allowed.
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Should: The term is used to indicate that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required. Specified Rating: The hood performance rating as specified, proposed, or guaranteed either in the purchase of the hood or in the design and construction of the laboratory, or both. Standard: A required qualification, action, or result for FHT work. Standard Operating Procedure: An internal policy prepared by the each FHT firm and / or prepared by the Owner/Buyer. Procedures are written to provide guidance, direction, and step-by-step details relating to issues such as safety, testing protocols, acceptance criteria, etc. NEBB FHT Firm SOPs shall be utilized in an absence of SOPs prepared by the Owner. Test Sash Opening: The position or positions of the sash at which the fume hood is tested. Test Setup (Test Setup Mode): Defines the condition of the fume hood being tested. There are three distinct conditions that the fume hood may be tested: As-Manufactured (AM): With this test setup, the fume hood is tested at the manufacturers facility or under conditions that would replicate those conditions. The hood and work surface shall be void of all process equipment, apparatus and chemicals. As-Installed (AI): With this test setup, the actual fume hood is tested in its installed, operating condition. All supply, exhaust and return air systems are installed, operable and under control. The hood and work surface shall be void of all process equipment, apparatus and chemicals. As-Used (AU): This test setup is the same as the As-Installed setup except the hood is being utilized for actual process work. Experiment equipment, chemicals and processes are being carried out inside the hood while the fume hood performance testing is being performed. This means that all normal operating equipment within the hood shall be activated and operational including items such as all heat and vapor producing appliances, physical obstructions, etc. Testing: The use of specialized and calibrated instruments to measure fluid quantities, temperatures, pressures, rotational speeds, electrical characteristics, velocities, and sound and vibration levels, Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing (TAB): A systematic process or service applied to heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems and other environmental systems to achieve and document air and hydronic flow rates. The standards and procedures for providing these services are addressed in the current edition of the NEBB PROCEDURAL STANDARDS FOR THE TESTING, ADJUSTING AND BALANCING OF ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS. VAV Speed of Response: The time, measured from the first movement of the sash, for the VAV system to restore the slot velocity or airflow to 90 percent of the average steady-state value. VAV Time to Steady State: The time, measured from the first movement of the sash, for the VAV system restore and maintain the average slot velocity of airflow between 90 and 110 percent of the average steady-state value. Work Surface: The surface that the fume hood sets on.
1.3 FHT FIRM QUALIFICATIONS The FHT Firm shall be NEBB Certified in Fume Hood Performance Testing. The individual conducting the fume performance testing shall be a NEBB Certified FHT Professional. 1.4 FHT FIRM SUBMITTALS 1.4.1 Qualification Data: When requested, submit 2 copies of evidence that the FHT firm and this Project's FHT team members meet the qualifications specified in Sub-section 1.3 FHT Firm Qualifications. 1.4.2 FHT Agenda: When requested, submit 2 copies of the FHT Agenda. Include a complete set of report forms intended for use on this Project. 1.4.3 Certified FHT Reports: Submit a final FHT report in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing. 1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE 1.5.1 The NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall submit 2 copies of the firm's NEBB FHT Certification. 1.5.2 When requested, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall provide the NEBB Certificate of Conformance Certification. 1.5.3 FHT Report Forms: Prepare report forms in accordance with the requirements from the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing. 1.5.4 Instrumentation Calibration: Calibration of instruments shall be in accordance with the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing. 1.6 CONSTRUCTION TEAM RESPONSIBILITY TO FHT AGENCY 1.6.1 Provide the NEBB Certified FHT Firm with a conformed set of contract documents (drawings, specifications, and approved submittals), including all current approved change orders/contract modifications. 1.6.2 Develop a project schedule with the input of the NEBB Certified FHT Firm that coordinates the work of other disciplines and provides adequate time in the construction process to allow successful completion of the FHT work. 1.6.3 Notify the NEBB Certified FHT Firm of schedule changes. 1.6.4 Ensure that the building enclosure is complete, including but not limited to, all structural components, windows and doors installed, door hardware complete, ceilings complete, stair, elevator and mechanical shafts complete, roof systems complete, all plenums sealed, etc. 1.6.5 Complete the installation of permanent electrical power systems serving the HVAC equipment and systems. Such systems shall be properly installed in accordance with all applicable codes to ensure the safety of all construction personnel. 1.6.6 Complete the installation of all HVAC equipment and systems to ensure safe operation.
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1.6.7 Perform the startup of all HVAC equipment and systems in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. 1.6.8 Complete installation, programming (including design parameters and graphics), calibration, and startup of all building control systems. 1.6.9 Verify that the building control system provider has commissioned and documented their work before the FHT work begins. 1.6.10 Require that the building control system firm provide access to hardware and software, or onsite technical support required to assist the FHT effort. The hardware and software or the onsite technical support shall be provided at no cost to the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 1.6.11 Furnish and install all drive changes as required. 1.6.12 Complete all TAB work prior to performing FHT work. 1.7 FHT INSTRUMENTATION AND EQUIPMENT The FHT Firm shall provide all necessary instrumentation, equipment and appurtenances required to perform the fume hood performance testing. All instrumentation, equipment and appurtenances shall be as indicated in the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Fume Hood Performance Testing.
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18 above the work surface One sash fully open, all other sashes closed(3 sash), or two sashes fully open and two sashes fully closed( 4 sash) One sash fully open to 18 above the work surface and all other sashes closed.
If the design professional is unsure about selecting the appropriate sash design sash opening, the owner should be consulted. It is imperative to specify the design sash opening, as the fume hood performance tests are based on this sash position.) The design sash opening shall be _(insert height)____ above the work surface for vertical sash fume hoods, or The design sash opening shall be _(insert number of sashes)_____sashes open for horizontal sash fume hoods, or The design sash opening shall be __(insert height)____ above the work surface and ___(insert number of sashes)_____ open for combination sash fume hoods. 3.5 AIRFLOW VELOCITY TESTS: Constant Air Volume (CAV) Fume Hood 3.5.1 Test Procedures: Airflow Face Velocity Tests
3.5.1.1 Set hood to the design opening sash position or as agreed to by the Owner / Buyer. Measure the area of the opening. The area shall be determined as follows: Height shall be based on the dimension from the bottom most part of the sash to the work surface located in a straight plane directly beneath the sash for vertical sashes, or the opening between horizontal tracks on horizontal sashes. Width: Width shall be based on the interior dimensions of the design sash opening. 3.5.1.2 Determine a grid pattern of equal areas by dividing the opening into horizontal and vertical dimensions. Each equal area grid location shall be a maximum of one (1) square foot (0.093 m) with no dimension larger than 13 (330 mm). 3.5.1.3 Place the instrument on the equipment stand and locate the instrument in the center of each grid location in the plane of the sash opening and normal to the plane. All personnel should stand clear of the hood so as not to affect the airflow. 3.5.1.4 Measure and record the airflow face velocities at the center of each grid location. Each grid location shall have a minimum of 20 samples taken at one second intervals. Average the 20 samples at each location to determine the airflow face velocity at each grid location. 3.5.1.5 The hood airflow face velocity is determined by averaging the airflow face velocity from each grid location. Report the hood average airflow face velocity and the highest and lowest grid location average. 3.5.1.6 If the actual average airflow face velocity as determined above does not meet the acceptance criteria as Section 3.5.2, remedial work, if required, is NOT part of the fume hood testing scope of work. If authorized, the remedial work could be performed by the NEBB Certified FHT Firm as an additional service.
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3.5.1.7 For reference and safety purposes, the fume hood airflow face velocity should also be determined at a full open sash position. The procedure to be followed shall be as previously indicated above. 3.5.1.8 It should be noted that the total fume hood exhaust volume is NOT equal to the average airflow face velocity being captured through the sash opening. Additionally, air may enter the hood through leakage and other openings. 3.5.2 Acceptance Criteria: The acceptance criteria for CAV airflow face velocity shall be select one: 100 fpm 10 fpm As directed by the Owner / Buyer Define acceptance criteria if other than 100 fpm 3.5.3 Reporting Requirements The following shall be included in the final report: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. 3.6 Technician Name Date of test Sash Configuration Design Opening Sash Position (Height and Width) Average Airflow Velocity at each grid location (fpm) (m/s) Hood average Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Test instrumentation Acceptance Criteria
AIRFLOW VELOCITY TESTS: Variable Air Volume (VAV) Fume Hood 3.6.1 Test Procedures: Airflow Face Velocity Tests 3.6.1.1 Set hood to the design opening sash position or as agreed to by the Owner / Buyer. Measure the area of the opening. The area shall be determined as follows: Height shall be based on the dimension from the bottom most part of the sash to the work surface located in a straight plane directly beneath the sash for vertical sashes, or the opening between horizontal tracks on horizontal sashes. Width: Width shall be based on the interior dimensions of the design sash opening. 3.6.1.2 Determine a grid pattern of equal areas by dividing the opening into horizontal and vertical dimensions. Each equal area grid location shall be a maximum of one (1) square foot (0.093 m) with no dimension larger than 13 (330 mm). 3.6.1.3 Place the instrument on the equipment stand and locate the instrument in the center of each grid location in the plane of the sash opening and normal to the plane. All personnel should stand clear of the hood so as not to affect the airflow. 3.6.1.4 Measure and record the airflow face velocities at the center of each grid location. Each grid location shall have a minimum of 20 samples taken at one second intervals. Average the 20 samples at each location to determine the airflow face velocity at each grid location.
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3.6.1.5 The hood airflow face velocity is determined by averaging the airflow face velocity from each grid location. Report the hood average airflow face velocity and the highest and lowest grid location average. 3.6.1.6 If the actual average airflow face velocity as determined above does not meet the acceptance criteria as Section 3.4.2, remedial work, if required, is NOT part of the fume hood testing scope of work. If authorized, the remedial work could be performed by the NEBB Certified FHT Firm as an additional service. 3.6.1.7 For reference and safety purposes, the fume hood airflow face velocity should also be determined at a full open sash position. The procedure to be followed shall be as previously indicated above. 3.6.1.8 Reduce the sash position to 50% of the specified opening and repeat airflow face velocity measurements / calculations as described above. Record the average airflow face velocity at the 50% opening position. 3.6.1.9 Reduce the sash position to 25% of the specified opening and repeat airflow face velocity measurements / calculations as described above. Record the average airflow face velocity at the 25% opening position. 3.6.1.10 It should be noted that the total fume hood exhaust volume is NOT equal to the average airflow face velocity being captured through the sash opening. Additionally, air may enter the hood through leakage and other openings. 3.6.2 Test Procedures: Response Test
3.6.2.1 There are two acceptable methods to perform and measure response time: exhaust duct airflow velocity or hood plenum airflow velocity. Determine the baseline and response conditions by either of the following methods: a. Exhaust duct airflow velocity method: Place the sensing device in a stable (nonturbulent airflow) location of the exhaust duct, or b. Fume hood plenum airflow velocity method: Place sensing device in the fume hood plenum behind the baffle panel. 3.6.2.2 Measure the velocity at the full sash opening to establish a baseline condition. 3.6.2.3 The Response Time Test involves 3 cycles of opening and closing the sash position from full closed to full open. When changing the sash position, use a smooth continuous motion and move the sash at a rate of approximately 1.5 feet per second (0.45 m/s). 3.6.2.4 Close the sash completely, start velocity measurements recording and leave closed for 30 seconds. Open the sash to full opening for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 30 seconds. Open the sash to full opening for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 30 seconds. Open the sash to full opening for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 30 seconds and stop velocity measurements recording. 3.6.2.5 Measure and record velocity readings at one second intervals.
3.6.2.6 Measure, record and report the speed of response to first obtain a velocity equal to 90% of baseline condition for each iteration. 3.6.2.7 Measure, record and report the time to maintain the velocity to within 10% of baseline condition for each iteration. 3.6.2.8 Perform measurements for all 3 cycles. The procedure stated above applies to either vertical or horizontal sash configurations. For fume hoods with combination sash configurations, the procedure shall be performed both in the vertical and in the horizontal sash opening positions. 3.6.2.9 The repeatability of the results should be analyzed for all three cycles by determining the relative range of the response times for all three cycles. The relative range is the comparison of the lowest response time and highest response time to the average response time. It may be calculated as follows: 3.2.6.9.1 3.2.6.9.2 3.2.6.9.3 3.2.6.9.4 Low Value of Range: Divide the minimum response time by the average response time. High Value of Range: Divide the maximum response time by the average response time. Relative Range: The range from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range. Repeatability: The difference from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range
All of the above values shall be reported as percentages. 3.6.3 Acceptance Criteria: The acceptance criteria for VAV airflow face velocity shall be select one: 100 fpm 10 fpm As directed by the Owner / Buyer Define acceptance criteria if other than 100 fpm The acceptance criteria for average speed of response, individual speed of responses, individual times to maintain, Low Value of Range, High Value of Range, Relative Range and Repeatability shall be select one: As directed by the Owner / Buyer Define criteria for all of the reporting criteria
3.6.3.1
3.6.3.2
3.6.4 Reporting Requirements The following shall be included in the final report: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. Technician Name Date of test Sash Configuration Design Opening Sash Position (Height and Width) Average Airflow Velocity at each grid location (fpm) (m/s) Hood average Airflow Face Velocity (fpm) (m/s) Test results reported at 25%, 50% and 100% of specified conditions
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Speed of Response (in seconds) (3 cycles) Low Value of Range (in percentage) High Value of Range (in percentage) Relative Range (in percentage) Repeatability (in percentage) Time to Maintain (in seconds) (3 cycles) Test Method (exhaust airflow velocity method or fume hood plenum airflow velocity method) Test instrumentation Acceptance Criteria
3.7 AIRFLOW VISUALIZATION TESTS: Local Challenge The purpose of the Local Challenge Test is to provide a visual indication of the fume hoods capture performance when a small scale challenge is introduced. Coordinate disabling the local fire alarm system when performing this test. Care should be taken to compensate for smoke discharge velocity and exposure outside of the fume hood. 3.7.1 Test Procedures 3.7.1.1 Set the sash position to operating condition as determined by the Airflow Face Velocity Test. 3.7.1.2 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and under the airfoil. Move along the entire length of the opening. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood, properly exhausted and not entrained in a vortex at the top of the hood. 3.7.1.3 Position the smoke source along the sides and bottom of the hood in the sash plane opening. For combination, or horizontal sash fume hoods, pass smoke source along the inside edge of all openings. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood and exhausted properly. 3.7.1.4 Place the smoke source 6 (152 mm) inside the hood along the bottom of, and parallel to, the sash. Move along the entire length of the sash bottom. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 3.7.1.5 Move the smoke source so that it traverses the entire work surface and around internal equipment when applicable. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 3.7.1.6 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and determine effects of room and HVAC system conditions by observing the smoke patterns. 3.7.1.7 Place smoke source in cavity above the hood opening and observe the smoke roll inside the hood. 3.7.2 Acceptance Criteria Smoke shall be contained within the fume hood under all test procedures. If the smoke escapes the fume hood under any of the above test procedures, the hood fails and shall be so noted in the report. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall immediately notify the Owner / Buyer in writing that the fume hood has failed. 3.7.3 Reporting Requirements
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The following shall be included in the final report: a. Technician Name b. Date of test c. Test State d. Sash Configuration e. Sash Opening Height and Width f. Challenge Medium Used g. Narrative description of actual visual test results including Statement of Pass/Fail h. Test instrumentation i. Acceptance Criteria 3.8 AIRFLOW VISUALIZATION TESTS: Large Volume Generation The Large Volume Challenge Test SHOULD NOT be performed if the hood failed the Local Challenge Test. The purpose of the Large Volume Challenge Test is to provide a visual indication of the fume hoods capture performance when a large scale challenge is introduced. The test procedures for the Large Volume Challenge Test are similar to the Local Challenge Test. Coordinate disabling the local fire alarm system when performing this test. Care should be taken to compensate for smoke discharge velocity and exposure outside of the fume hood. 3.8.1 Test Procedures 3.8.1.1 Set the sash position to operating condition as determined by the Airflow Face Velocity Test. 3.8.1.2 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and under the airfoil. Move along the entire length of the opening. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood, properly exhausted and not entrained in a vortex at the top of the hood. 3.8.1.3 Discharge the smoke source as close to the sash plane as practical for containment and maximum observation time. Position the smoke source along the sides and bottom of the hood. For combination, or horizontal sash fume hoods, pass smoke source along the inside edge of all openings. Verify that the smoke is drawn into the hood and exhausted properly. 3.8.1.4 Discharge the smoke source as close to the sash plane as practical for containment and maximum observation time. Place the smoke source inside the hood along the bottom of, and parallel to, the sash. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 3.8.1.5 Move the smoke source so that it traverses the entire work surface and around internal equipment when applicable. Verify that the smoke is contained within the hood and properly exhausted. 3.8.1.6 Place the smoke source outside the fume hood and determine effects of room and HVAC system conditions by observing the smoke patterns. 3.8.1.7 Place smoke source in cavity above the hood opening and observe the smoke roll inside the hood. 3.8.1.8 Try to observe smoke patterns for containment tests from the side of the hood face.
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3.8.2 Acceptance Criteria Smoke shall be contained within the fume hood under all test procedures. If the smoke escapes the fume hood under any of the above test procedures, the hood fails and shall be so noted in the report. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm shall immediately notify the Owner / Buyer in writing that the fume hood has failed. 3.8.3 Reporting Requirements The following shall be included in the final report: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. 3.9 Technician Name Date of test Test State Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Challenge Medium Used Narrative description of actual visual test results including Statement of Pass/Fail Test instrumentation Acceptance Criteria
TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TESTS: Static Mode 3.9.1 Test Procedures 3.9.1.1 Set the sash position to operating condition as determined by the Airflow Face Velocity Test. If the test is performed at conditions other than full open, it is suggested that this test should also be performed at full open sash position to determine the effect of misuse or condition during equipment setup or loading. 3.9.1.2 Perform a background measurement test of the room concentration levels at a representative location. If during the test a steady increase in the sample readings is noted, perform background measurements to assist in determining the source. 3.9.1.3 All dimensions identified below in locating the ejector system are meant to indicate the near edge of the ejector base. The ejector system shall be located 6 (152 mm) behind the sash for all test locations. This places the detection sensor / sensing tube 9 (229 mm) from the ejector. If this location cannot be accomplished due to equipment placement or other obstructions, move the ejector system and move the detection sensor / sensing tube to a suitable location that will maintain the 9 (229 mm) spacing, or as close as possible to the 9 (229 mm) spacing. Use the following method to identify the ejector system locations: a. Vertical Sash: Three (3) locations are required for fume hood 8 (2.4 m) or less: 12 (304 mm) from the left wall, 12 (304 mm) from the right wall and in the center. Four (4) locations are required for fume hoods greater than 8 (2.4 m): 12 (304 mm) from the left wall, 12 (304 mm) left of center line, 12 (304 mm) right of center line and 12 (304 mm) from the right wall. b. Horizontal Sash: Centerline of each maximum opening space as previously determined in the Airflow Velocity Tests. c. Combination Sash: Locations shall be determined by both the vertical and horizontal sash configurations described above. 3.9.1.4 Place the ejector system inside the fume hood at the first location.
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3.9.1.5 The mannequin shall be directly in front of the ejector system at each test location. The detection sensor / sensing tube shall be located in the breathing zone of the mannequin at a distance of 9 (229 mm) from the near edge of the ejector system typically 3 (76 mm) from the face of the sash and 22 (558 mm) above the work surface. 3.9.1.6 Release the tracer gas at the rate as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. If a release rate has not been specified, then the release rate shall be 4 l/m. Wait 30 seconds before taking samples. 3.9.1.7 Record samples every second for a duration of 5 minutes.
3.9.1.8 Proceed to the next test location and repeat procedure. 3.9.1.9 Report all of the individual readings, the average and the peak concentration for each test location. 3.9.1.10 The performance rating is the highest average of the test locations. The Static Mode Performance Rating shall be reported as follows: AM yyy AI yyy AU yyy Where yyy is the highest average concentration of the test locations in ppm. 3.9.2 Acceptance Criteria Acceptance ratings for the Static Mode Tests shall be as directed by the Owner / Buyer. Where acceptance ratings have not been defined, the average concentration shall be no greater than those specified in ANSI Z9.5 and shall be as follows: 0.05 ppm for AM at a release rate of 4 l/m 0.10 ppm for AI at a release rate of 4 l/m 0.10 ppm for AU at a release rate of 4 l/m Results will be evaluated by Owners / Buyers properly trained personnel for acceptable rating. 3.9.3 Reporting Requirements The following shall be included in the final report: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. Technician Name Date of test Test State Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Room Layout Drawing Graphical display of each test Tracer Gas Release Rate Test Instrumentation Report individual readings, the average and peak at each sample location Report the Performance Rating and compare to the Acceptance Rating. Tests results that exceed acceptance ratings shall be noted in the report.
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3.10 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TESTS: Sash Movement Effect 3.10.1 Test Procedures 3.10.1.1 All dimensions identified below in locating the ejector system are meant to indicate the near edge of the ejector base. The ejector system shall be located 6 (152 mm) behind the sash and shall be located in the center of the fume hood. This places the detection sensor / sensing tube 9 (228 mm) from the ejector. If this location cannot be accomplished due to equipment placement or other obstructions, move the ejector system and the detection sensor / sensing tube to a suitable location that will maintain the 9 (228 mm) spacing. 3.10.1.2 The mannequin shall be directly in front of the ejector system at each test location. The detection sensor / sensing tube shall be located in the breathing zone of the mannequin at a distance of 9 (228 mm) from the near edge of the ejector system typically 3 (76 mm) from the face of the sash and 22 (558 mm) above the work surface. 3.10.1.3 Release the tracer gas at the rate as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. If a release rate has not been specified, then the release rate shall be 4 l/m. 3.10.1.4 Start with the sash in the closed position for 60 seconds. Open the sash to the same operating position utilized when performing the Static Test as described above. The sash shall remain open for 60 seconds. Close the sash for 60 seconds. Repeat the process for two additional cycles. 3.10.1.5 The sash should be opened and closed with a smooth motion at a rate of 1.0 to 1.5 feet per second (0.30 to 0.45 m/s). 3.10.1.6 For combination hoods, testing shall be performed in both the vertical and in the horizontal positions. 3.10.1.7 Record samples every second continuously for all three cycles. 3.10.1.8 Calculate the 45 second rolling average for each cycle. Record the maximum rolling average associated with each opening of the sash. The Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating shall be reported as follows: SME AM yyy SME AI yyy SME AU yyy Where yyy is the maximum rolling average tracer gas concentration in ppm. 3.10.2 Acceptance Criteria Acceptance ratings for the Sash Movement Effect (SME) shall be as directed by the owner / buyer. Report the performance rating as indicated above. Results will be evaluated by Owners/Buyers properly trained personnel for acceptable ratings 3.10.3 Reporting Requirements The following shall be included in the final report:
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Technician Name Date of test Time of test Test State Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Room Layout Drawing Graphical display of each test Tracer Gas Release Rate Test Instrumentation Record the maximum 45 second rolling average associated with each opening of the sash. Report the Sash Movement Performance Rating. If Acceptance Rating has been defined, test results that exceed acceptance rating shall be noted in the report.
3.11 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TESTS: Perimeter Scan 3.11.1 Test Procedures 3.11.1.1 Open the sash to the same operating position utilized when performing the Static Test as described above. 3.11.1.2 Place the ejector system in the center of the fume hood. 3.11.1.3 Remove the mannequin from the front of the fume hood. Remove the detection sensor / sensing tube from the mannequin. 3.11.1.4 Release the gas at the rate as specified in the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. If a release rate has not been specified, then the release rate shall be 4 l/m. Release the gas for 30 seconds prior to scanning. 3.11.1.5 While holding the detection sensor / sensing tube in your hand, scan the perimeter of the sash opening and below the airfoil at a rate of not more than 3/sec (76 mm/sec). Detection sensor / sensing tube shall be passed 1 (25 mm) from the outside surface of the fume hood. 3.11.1.6 Record any measurable leakage and report the location and magnitude. 3.11.2 Acceptance Criteria Acceptance ratings for the Perimeter Scan shall be as directed by the Owner / Buyer. Report the results as indicated above. Results will be evaluated by Owners / Buyers properly trained personnel for acceptable results. 3.11.3 Reporting Requirements The following shall be included in the final report: a. b. c. d. Technician Name Date of test Time of test Test State
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Sash Configuration Sash Opening Height and Width Room Layout Drawing Graphical display of each test Tracer Gas Release Rate Test Instrumentation Record any measurable leakage Report the location and magnitude of the leakage If Acceptance Rating has been defined, test results that exceed acceptance rating shall be noted in the report.
3.12 OTHER TESTS Edit or delete as applicable to project requirements: In addition to variations of standard tests, a stated scope of work may also require the NEBB Certified FHT Firm to perform other supplementary tests such as: a) b) c) d) e) Room Airflow Velocity Tests Temperature/Humidity Uniformity Tests Sound and Vibration Level Tests Cross Draft Condition Tests Other Tests
If these other tests are required, the test instrumentation, test procedures, acceptance criteria and reporting shall be specified below or as directed by the Owner/Buyer. All costs associated with these tests are to be included with the scope of work. The tests shall be specified in a similar format as utilized above. 3.12.1 Test Procedures 3.12.2 Acceptance Criteria 3.12.3 Reporting Requirements The following is provided in guidance in specifying these other tests: 3.12.2 ROOM AIRFLOW VELOCITY TESTS Room airflow velocity tests may be performed to determine the velocity pattern(s) of the air being supplied to a space, or the air being returned or exhausted from a space. This test may be utilized as a diagnostic tool when trouble shooting a project where containment enclosures such as fume hoods are not performing adequately due to poor air distribution layout. When performing this test, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm should follow the procedures and requirements as identified the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Certified Testing of Cleanrooms. 3.12.3 TEMPERATURE/HUMIDITY UNIFORMITY TESTS Temperature and/or humidity uniformity tests may be performed to determine the temperature and /or humidity gradient that may exist in a space. This test may be utilized as a diagnostic tool when trouble shooting a project where excessive temperature and/or humidity differentials may exist and could effect the results of the process being conducted in a containment enclosure.
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When performing this test, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm should follow the procedures and requirements as identified the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Certified Testing of Cleanrooms. 3.12.4 SOUND AND VIBRATION LEVEL TESTS Sound level tests may be performed to determine the overall sound pressure levels in an operating space. Vibration level tests may be performed to determine vibration magnitude levels of rotating equipment that may be in or adjacent to an operating space. These tests may be performed as an adjunct test to normal fume hood performance testing or may be used as a diagnostic tool when trouble shooting a project where sound and/or vibration levels may be excessive. When performing these tests, the NEBB Certified FHT Firm should follow the procedures and requirements as identified the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for Measurement of Sound and Vibration. 3.12.5 CROSS DRAFT CONDITION TESTS Cross draft condition tests may be performed to document the performance of the fume hoods containment ability when external draft conditions are present. Laboratory / Cleanroom designers and the installing contractors should be aware of the impact of the items such as: a. The location of the fume hood in the space. b. Location of doors whose opening and closing may cause a draft condition. c. The location of overhead supply, return and exhaust air devices may affect the draft conditions d. The relative adjacency of other containment devices. The NEBB Certified FHT Firm is required to prepare a layout drawing of the space prior to testing the fume hood tracer gas tests (See Section 11.1) that identifies these components. The fume hood performance may be acceptable to the somewhat static conditions described in Sections 9, 10 and 11 while these standard tests are performed and yet may not provide adequate containment when subjected to unusual, or artificially, created conditions. These draft tests may include testing the performance in concert with a cross-draft, down-draft, or back-draft condition. Additionally, a test designed to simulate the action of personnel walking across the face of the hood during its operation may also display an unsafe condition. The purpose of all of these draft tests is to make the owner / operators aware of these influences on a fume hoods performance. The scope of work, the acceptance criteria and the reporting shall be in accordance with the requirements of the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 3.12.6 OTHER TESTS Other tests may also be performed and reported by the NEBB Certified FHT Firm based on the requirements of the contract documents or as agreed to between the Owner/Buyer and the NEBB Certified FHT Firm. 3.13 FINAL REPORT The final report shall be in accordance with the requirements of the current edition of the NEBB Procedural Standards for the Fume Hood Performance Testing.
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B.2 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT TESTS The purpose of the Tracer Gas Containment Tests is to verify the fume hoods containment performance. Figure B-2 illustrates the correct spatial arrangement of the mannequin and the ejector system for the Static Mode Test and the Sash Movement Effect Test.
6 150mm
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Ejector System (US Units) Ejector System (SI Units) Ejector General Arrangement (US Units) Ejector General Arrangement (SI Units) Critical Orifice (US Units) Critical Orifice (SI Units)
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XXX
XXXI
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B.
C.
D.
E.
E.4 Procedural Standards for Certified Testing of Cleanrooms2006 This manual provides an extensive array of information on cleanroom testing, technology and test procedures. It includes: cleanroom design; cleanroom systems; laboratory and health facilities; test instruments and test procedures; HEPA filter leak testing; and particle counts. E.5 Study Course for Certified Testing of Cleanrooms A self-study course in cleanrooms and systems including cleanroom testing equipment, control systems, cleanroom test procedures, system and unit test procedures, and cleanroom equipment and accessories. E.6 Procedural Standards for the Measurement of Sound and Vibration2006 This publication provides background information and step-by-step comprehensive guidance for obtaining and recording sound and vibration data on HVAC systems. Topics include: instrumentation, inspection of building construction and conditions, interior and exterior sound measurement, and vibration measurement procedures. Also covered are sample specifications and report forms. E.7 Sound and Vibration Design and Analysis1994 A concise coverage of sound and vibration as it relates to HVAC systems. Basic concepts of the science of sound and vibration are covered, plus the most current information on equipment sound levels, duct element regenerated and sound power and attenuation, duct breakout and breakin, sound transmission in indoor and outdoor spaces, and vibration analysis. Includes references and glossary. E.8 Study Course for Measuring Sound and Vibration1995 A home study course on measuring sound and vibration, it guides the student in an orderly sequence, with diagrams, charts and problems to recognize principles and procedures. E.9 Procedural Standards for Building Systems Commissioning1999 A manual providing comprehensive guidance for commissioning building HVAC systems. The text describes organization, planning, procedures and methods for verifying and documenting the performance of building systems. Included are a sample specification, model reporting forms, check sheets and functional test checklists, as well as a schematic depicting the commissioning process. G. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) 789 N. Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 NSF 49-2005, Class II (Laminar Flow) Biohazard Cabinetry This document applies to cabinetry designed to minimize hazards inherent in work with low and moderate risk biological agents and defines tests which must be passed. National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA) 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169 Scientific Equipment and Furniture Association (SEFA) 1205 Franklin Ave., Ste. 320, Garden City, NY 11530 United States of America, Agencies and Departments US Department of Labor - Occupational Safety & Health Administration 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210
H.
I.
J.
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V = 4005 (VP) for Std. air (d = .075 lbs/ft3) TP = VP + SP V = VM (d / 0.075) Airflow Volume (cfm) = Area Volume
E.
XXXV
XXXVI
Sea Level
101.3
250
98.3
500
96.3
750
93.2
1000
90.2
1250
88.2
1500
85.1
1750
83.1
2000
80.0
2500
76.0
3000
71.9
Air Temp C
0 20 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400
1.08 1.00 0.91 0.85 0.79 0.74 0.70 0.66 0.62 0.59 0.56 0.54 0.51 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.44
1.22 1.11 1.02 0.96 0.92 0.84 0.77 0.72 0.67 0.62 0.60 0.56 0.53 0.51 0.48 0.44 0.40
1.17 1.07 0.99 0.93 0.88 0.81 0.74 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.57 0.54 0.51 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.39
1.13 1.03 0.95 0.89 0.85 0.78 0.71 0.67 0.62 0.58 0.55 0.52 0.49 0.47 0.45 0.41 0.37
1.09 0.99 0.92 0.86 0.81 0.75 0.69 0.64 0.60 0.56 0.53 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.39 0.36
1.05 0.95 0.88 0.83 0.78 0.72 0.66 0.62 0.58 0.54 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.44 0.41 0.38 0.35
1.01 0.91 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.69 0.64 0.60 0.56 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.37 0.33
0.97 0.89 0.82 .077 0.73 0.67 0.62 0.58 0.54 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.35 0.32
0.93 0.85 0.79 0.74 0.70 0.65 .060 0.56 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.37 0.34 0.31
0.90 0.82 0.76 0.71 0.68 0.62 0.57 0.54 0.50 .047 0.44 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.30
0.87 0.79 0.73 0.69 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.29
Table E-1: Air Density Correction Factors (SI Units) Standard Air Density (Sea Level and 20C) = 1.204 kg/m3 at 101.325 kPa
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Altitude (ft)
Barometer (in. of Hg.) (in. w.g.)
Sea Level
29.92 407.50
1000
28.86 392.80
2000
27.82 378.60
3000
26.82 365.00
4000
25.84 351.7
5000
24.90 333.90
6000
23.98 326.40
7000
23.09 314.80
8000
22.22 302.10
9000
21.39 291.10
10000
20.58 280.10
Air Temp F
-40 0 40 70 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 700 800
1.26 1.15 1.06 1.00 0.95 0.87 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.62 0.55 0.58 0.53 0.50 0.46 0.42
1.22 1.11 1.02 0.96 0.92 0.84 0.77 0.72 0.67 0.62 0.60 0.56 0.53 0.51 0.48 0.44 0.40
1.17 1.07 0.99 0.93 0.88 0.81 0.74 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.57 0.54 0.51 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.39
1.13 1.03 0.95 0.89 0.85 0.78 0.71 0.67 0.62 0.58 0.55 0.52 0.49 0.47 0.45 0.41 0.37
1.09 0.99 0.92 0.86 0.81 0.75 0.69 0.64 0.60 0.56 0.53 0.50 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.39 0.36
1.05 0.95 0.88 0.83 0.78 0.72 0.66 0.62 0.58 0.54 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.44 0.41 0.38 0.35
1.01 0.91 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.69 0.64 0.60 0.56 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.37 0.33
0.97 0.89 0.82 .077 0.73 0.67 0.62 0.58 0.54 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.35 0.32
0.93 0.85 0.79 0.74 0.70 0.65 .060 0.56 0.52 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.39 0.37 0.34 0.31
0.90 0.82 0.76 0.71 0.68 0.62 0.57 0.54 0.50 .047 0.44 0.42 0.39 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.30
0.87 0.79 0.73 0.69 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.32 0.29
Table E-2: Air Density Correction Factors (U.S. Units) Standard Air Density (Sea Level and 70F) = 0.075 lb/ft3 at 29.92 in. Hg.
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E.5
E.5.1 DETERMINING A GRID PATTERN The purpose of this section is to determine a sample grid pattern for a fume hood airflow face velocity test. The procedure is identical for both CAV and VAV fume hoods. Sections 9.2.2 and 9.3.2 discuss the requirements for determining a grid pattern. Both sections state the following requirements: Measure the area of the opening. The area shall be determined as follows: Height: Height shall be based on the dimension from the bottom most part of the sash to the work surface. Width: Width shall be based on the interior dimensions of the design sash opening. Determine a grid pattern of equal areas by dividing the opening into horizontal and vertical dimensions. Each equal area grid location shall be a maximum of one (1) square foot (0.093 m) with no dimension larger than 13 (330 mm). A grid pattern is determined in the exact same manner as a duct traverse layout and has the same purpose: To determine the average airflow velocity. While duct traverse measurements are performed in order to calculate the airflow volume (m/s or cfm) flowing inside of a duct, the focus with fume hoods is strictly to determine the average airflow face velocity. E.5.2 SAMPLE GRID PATTERN DETERMINATION The grid pattern layout and calculations presented in this example are intended to serve as a working illustration of the correct procedures and methods involved in determining the proper grid pattern for all face velocity measurements for all types of fume hoods. For this example we have a 6 ft. (1.8 m) fume hood that has a vertical sash configuration. The width of the interior of the vertical sash is 63 (1.60 m). The design sash opening is 18 (457 mm). You are required to determine the proper grid pattern. According to NEBB requirements, determine a grid pattern of equal areas both vertically and horizontally where the maximum area does not exceed one (1) square foot (0.093 m) and no dimension exceeds 13 (330 mm). First determine the number of rows of vertical grids. This can be done by taking the vertical dimension and dividing by 13. # of Vertical Grid Rows = 18 / 13 = 1.38 Consequently, we must have a minimum of 2 vertical grid rows. With two vertical grid rows, the height of each vertical grid will be equal to: Vertical Spacing = 18 / 2 = 9 Since the grids will be 9 apart, the distance from the bottom of the sash to the center of the top grid will be 4.5 and the distance from the work surface to the center of the bottom grid will also be: 18 = 4.5 + 9 + 4.5
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Second, determine the horizontal grids. Again, no distance can exceed 13 and each grid shall have a maximum of 1 ft. Based on this criterion, the horizontal spacing can be determined by dividing the overall width of the sash opening by 13 Horizontal Columns = 63 / 13 = 4.8 Based on this calculation we must have a minimum of 5 horizontal grids columns. With 5 horizontal grid columns, the width of each horizontal grid will be equal to: Horizontal Spacing = 63 / 5 = 12.6 Since the grids will be 12.6 apart, the distance from the left side of the sash to the center of the first grid will be 6.3 and the distance to the center of each of the next grids will be on 12.6 centers. Thus, the overall grid horizontal grid spacing will be: 63 = (6.3 + 12.6 + 12.6 + 12.6 + 12.6 + 6.3) Finally, verify that each grid does not exceed 1 ft. Our example resulted with a grid pattern that had 2 vertical rows and 5 columns. Each grid would have an area of 113.4 square inches (9x12.6 = 113.4 in), or 0.79 ft (113.4 /144 = 0.79 ft). Each grid area does not exceed the 1.00 ft criteria. The grid pattern shown below in Figure E.5.2.1. as determined from above shows 2 vertical rows and 5 horizontal columns. Each grid in this example is 9 x 12.6.
FIGURE E 5.2.1
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E.6
E.6.1 AIRFLOW FACE VELOCITY TEST VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV) FUME HOOD As stated in Section 9.3.3 for the Response Test: The repeatability of the results should be analyzed for all three cycles by determining the relative range of the response times for all three cycles. The relative range is the comparison of the lowest response time and highest response time to the average response time. For the Response Test, the following information is to be calculated and reported: Low Value of Range High Value of Range Relative Range Repeatability
These values may be calculated as follows: Average Response Time: Add the response times from each of three cycles and divide by three. Low Value of Range: Divide the minimum response time by the average response time. High Value of Range: Divide the maximum response time by the average response time. Relative Range: State the range from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range. Repeatability: The difference from the Low Value of Range to the High Value of Range All of the above values shall be reported as percentages. As an example, the response times for the three cycles are: 4 seconds, 5 seconds and 5 seconds. The Average Response Time is: The Low Value of Range is: The High Value of Range is: The Relative Range is: The Repeatability is: (4 + 5 + 5)/3 = 4.67 seconds. 4 seconds/4.67 seconds = 86%. 5 seconds/4.67 seconds = 107%. 86% - 107%. 21%.
Note: It is appropriate to report the average time to two decimal places and the various ranges and repeatability values should be rounded off and reported in full percentage points only. E.6.2 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT (STATIC MODE) As stated in Section 11.2.2 for the Static Mode Test, The performance rating is the highest average of the test locations. The Static Mode Performance Rating shall be reported as follows: AM yyy AI yyy AU yyy Where yyy is the highest average concentration of the test locations in ppm. The static mode performance rating contains two components; the test setup and the highest average leak concentration of all the test locations in ppm. As an example, the static mode test is performed on a 6 vertical sash fume hood. The fume hood Test Setup is As-Installed. Since the fume hood is less than 8, the static mode test must be performed in XLI
three locations; 12 from the left wall, 12 from the right wall and in the center. Each set of measurements is averaged and the highest average of the three locations is reported. You have performed the test for each of the required locations and have calculated the following averages: Location: 12 from the left wall 12 from the right wall Center of the fume hood Average Concentration 0.032 ppm 0.025 ppm 0.081 ppm
The highest average concentration is the center location. Consequently, the static mode test reporting would be as follows: AI 0.081 Note that it is appropriate to report results to three decimal places. Additionally, decimal values should be stated with a zero located in front of the decimal point. This is the manner that metric values are reported and fume hood test results should also be reported in this manner. E.6.3 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT (SASH MOVEMENT EFFECT) Section 11.2.5 defines the procedures for performing the Sash Movement Effect Test. It states to Calculate the 45 second rolling average for each cycle. Record the maximum rolling average associated with each opening of the sash. The Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating shall be reported as follows: SME AM yyy SME AI yyy SME AU yyy Where yyy is the maximum rolling average tracer gas concentration in ppm The reporting of the Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating is similar to the Static Mode Performance Rating except that it contains three components; the acronym SME (for Sash Movement Effect), the test setup and the highest average leak concentration in ppm. Additionally, the Sash Movement Effect requires a calculation not a simple reporting of averages. The 45-second rolling average must be calculated for each of the three sash movement cycles from fully closed to fully open. For each cycle, there are 16 individual data sets must be averaged and then rolled into a single value. The procedure is as follows: As the sash is moved from closed to open, the time must be noted at the beginning of the sash opening. The 16 individual data sets are as follows: Data Set Number 1 2 3 15 16 Time Span 1 through 45 Seconds 2 through 46 Seconds 3 through 47 Seconds 15 through 59 Seconds 16 through 60 Seconds
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The first time span would include all of the concentration values for seconds 1 through 45. The second time span would include all of the concentration values for seconds 2 through 46. The process continues through the 16th data set which would include the concentration values from second 16 through 60. The average leak concentration for each of the three opening cycles is calculated and the highest average is reported as the Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating. An example will help to illustrate the required calculations and reporting. You are performing the Sash Movement Effect Test you are ready to begin the test. The test procedures require you release the tracer gas and close the sash. You should begin data logging the measurements at this time. The sash is to remain closed for 60 seconds. After 60 seconds, you open the sash to the operating position for 60 seconds. Then, you closed the sash for 60 seconds. You repeated this procedure for 3 complete cycles from fully closed to the operational sash position. The measurements were continuously data logged for the entire test. The data measurements are as shown in Table E.6.3.1. and the 45-Second Rolling Averages have been calculated in Tabled E.6.3.2 below. Table E.6.3.1 Data Measurements:
Project Lab Room Number Fume Hood Number seconds 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 closed 1 start at close 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 Test date Atomic Laboratories Tested by 101 Joe Smith 101-1 Tracer Gas Concentration (ppm) open 1 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.651 9.972 8.334 9.924 1.991 0.019 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 close 2 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 open 2 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.812 1.004 8.421 9.682 3.691 2.015 0.062 0.019 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 close 3 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 1-Jan-09
open 3 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.812 1.004 8.421 9.682 3.691 2.015 0.062 0.019 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016
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seconds 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
closed 1 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016
open 1 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016
close 2 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016
The 45-Second Rolling Averages have been calculated in Tabled E.6.3.2 below.
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Again, The Sash Movement Effect (SME) Performance Rating is the open cycle that has the highest 45 second rolling average. From data in Table E.6.3.2, Cycle 1 has an average of 0.490 ppm of the tracer gas concentration. Based on this data and calculations the Sash Movement Effect Performance Rating for this fume hood will be: SME-AI 0.490
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E.6.4 TRACER GAS CONTAINMENT (PERIMETER SCAN) The Perimeter Scan portion of the Tracer Gas Containment Tests also has some unique reporting requirements. Section 11.2.8 requires that any measurable leakage should be identified in the report and that the location and magnitude should be identified. Figure E.6.4.1 shows a sample report.
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