Contents

Introduction
Need and problem of adolescence
Study of an adolescent girl (Arfa Ahmad)
Conclusion
Suggestions for teacher, parents and to child
references

ADOLESCENCE
Introduction
We all fondly remember our childhood experiences an how we grew from
the stage of a young child dependent on others to an adult who does so
many things. Before entering to the stage of adulthood children enter the
stage of adolescence. Garima is asked by her parents to pay more attention
to her studies and less to games as it is the foundation stage. She is called
as adolescent. She is growing and growing very fast. But at the same time
she is asked to behave like a child. Garima is in state where she cannot
understand whether she is an child or adult. All of us undergo this stage
which posses many challenges and is of full of excitement. At the same
time it demands adjustment on many fronts. This lesson shall help us to
understand the nature of adolescence the challenges and major tasks faced
by adolescents, the influence that shape them and some of the problems
faced by adolescents.
Who is adolescent?
No longer a child but not yet a child.
Age groupsWHO defineso 10-19 years.
o Youth 15-24 years.
o Young people 10-24 years.
What is adolescence?
World health organization

A phase which involveso Progression

from

appearance

of

secondary

sexual

characteristics to sexual and reproductive maturity.

o Development of adult mental process and identity.
o Transition from total social socioeconomic dependence to
relative independence.
What is early, middle and late adolescence?

Early( 10 14)
Growth spurt, beginning of sexual maturity and start to think abstractly.

Middle( 14 -15)

Main physical change completed, develop stronger sense of identity,

relates strongly to peer group, thinking becomes reflective.

Late ( 16- 19)

Body takes adult form, has distinct identity and more settled ideas.

Need and Importance:

"A world fit for children is one in which...... all 'children,
including adolescents, have ample opportunity to develop their
individual capacity in a safe and supportive environment"
Why adolescents are important?

They are demographic force.

They are the future health.

They are an economic force.

They have right to participate.

Problems of Adolescence

Malnutrition.

General health problems.

Menstrual problems.

Mental health problems.

Early and unprotected sex.

Addictive behaviours.

Accidents and violence.

Sexual abuse.

Depression and suicide.

Eating disorders.
Why pay attention to adolescents' health problems?

To reduce death and disease in adolescents.

To reduce the burden of disease in later life.

To deliver on human rights.

To protect human capital.

To invest in health today and tomorrow.

Study of an adolescent Girl
Name of Investigator - Faria Tahir
Date-04-02-2015
Purpose of the case study
a) To find out the factors responsible for the deviant behavior of
the subject.
b) To analyze the factors responsible for deviant behavior of the subject.
c) To give suggestion of counseling for development of deviant

children.

ARTIFICATION OF THE CASE

The child lives near the house of the investigator where she can easily
see her from his terrace. The investigator has seen many times that she is
not good in her studies therefore she talked to her friends, family
members, tuition teacher and neighbors in order to investigate her
so that the investigator comes to know exactly what is the problem
with the subject. By seeing her report progress card and observation
by investigator it shows that the child is suffering from some
problem that why she is not able to cope up in her studies.
1- FORMAL DETAILThe Subject name is Arfa Ahmad. She was born on 05-06-1997 in
Lucknow. The sex of the subject in female muslim is her comunity. she
studies in Khurram Nagar girls College in class 11th. She is 18 year in
age. Her father is a businessman.
2- FAMILY DETAILThe child lives in a joint family which consists of many members.
There are father, mother, one uncle, grandmother, grand father and
sister. The family is liberal. The entire family lives in a city. The total of
family member is 6 which also includes subject's youngest sister who is
7 year old who studies in nursery class. The father age is 40 years
who has completed his post-graduation in Hindi subject. The mother's
age is 37 year old and is a house wife who is graduate.
In family father is very busy in his work that's why he is not able to
help her daughter in her studies. Mother is the one source in the

family who helps her daughter in her studies but her mother is
some or the other remains ill. She' is suffering from health
problems, whenever the subject demands something her demand is
fulfilled which has made her stubborn. She has been pampered very
much. The atmosphere of the entire house is cool and calm. There is
no quarrel between the family members. Everyone is in peace. But
there is a fight between daughter- in- law and mother- in-law. The
educational status of family is good which shows; there is
importance of study or education in the family.
3. HOME CONDITIONS
The subject belongs to a middle class joint family where all needs
and wishes are fulfilled. The hygienic and sanitary condition of the
home is clean. The house consists of 4 rooms and also has a little
amount of open space. Father has provided all the facilities of
studies at home for the subject. It also includes recreational
facilities like indoor games, music, radio, television. In leisure
time the typical work the subject does is sleeping as she is very
lazy and sometimes gossiping with friends as she is very talkative.
Favorite hobby of the subject is reading books, watching T.V,
playing etc. all these facilities are provided in the home.
4. PHYSICAL FEATURE AND HEALTH HISTORY
The physical feature of the child is not very sound. Her height is
around 4 feet and 30 kg weight. The subject is efficient in her speech
organs. Her eye sight is weak and she can properly hear, she is also
efficient in her motor organs. The subject is underweight according to

her age.
The subject and her family are regular in washing hands after
coming out of the toilet. She also keeps her personal hygiene. She is
neat and tidy in her dress and clothing. There are no frequent ailment
.she loves to play indoor games. She plays with her Barbie doll with
her friends. She is very good in playing computer games. She likes
bicycle riding.
5. MENTAL CONDITION
T he me nt al condi ti on of t he subj ec t i s sound . she ha s a
good memorization power. Sometimes there is a problem to
understand thing. Power of concentration and attention is high. She
has s strong instinct. The task which she likes is most high in doing
work. She is very low in the tasks which she disliked the most.
Resourcefulness is high in problematic situation. Emotionally she is
strong and she can adjust very well in every situation.

She has a self-control during excitement and emotionally.

She is worried about her future and her studies whether she will be
able to achieve her goal or she will fail in her task.

She gets very much irritated when things are not in her control and
when condition in pathetic.

She strongly likes to play and study well. She is very ambitious
towards her goal.

She soon becomes impatient. She does not friendly with

the strangers but indifferent to them.

The family members and friends are cooperative and helpful to

the subject.
A. The subject is gloomy in her temperament
B. In doing her work she is rash.
C. She is reasonable in her nature
D. She becomes nervous very soon when any task is given to her.
E. She is suspicious in her temperament. She 'cannot have full
faith and belief in anyone easily.
F. She is very sweet and helping. She is amiable.
G. She is sober in her nature.
H. She is submissive, humble and obedient to everyone.
I. She is sacrificing in her temperament. She loves to share
things with every member of the family and with her
neighbors and classmates.
J. She stays away from the strangers or new people she
cannot adjust with them easily. She has attitude towards
strangers.
K. The subject is happy while going to school.
The subject is artistic in her nature. She likes to make paintings.
EDUCATIONAL INTEREST
The subject has likes and dislikes for many subjects.

SUBJECT LIKED- he likes math, science and geography.

SUBJECT DISLIKED-she dislikes history, civics and Hindi.

The subject's occupational interest is to become doctor but she also
wants to be social worker so that she can help poor people,
mentally or physically challenged or those who are suffering
from polio or other severe disease.

USUAL ROUTINE
The subject is very much punctual in her daily work. Except
Sundays or holidays she wakes up at 6:00 a.m. after that she gets
ready for her school. From 7:15 a: m to 2:00 p: m.
She is a day dreamer, inferiority feeling, accusative and stubborn in her
temperamental peculiarities.
GOOD HABITS- The subject is, obedient,
truthful. BAD HABITS-she sometimes lies and
likes backbiting.
ATTITUDE
The subject has the following attitude or opinion for her family
members and friends: She is unhappy with her father because he is not able to give ample
time to her and not able to help her in her studies.
She is happy with her mother because she is the one who
understand her well. She is supreme power of her. She helps
the subject at every point and situation.
The attitude of hers towards other family members is cordial.
The subject is well adjusted in home and home environment.
She is very much happy with her elders like grandmother,
grandfather because they also care for her.
She has an attitude towards boy classmates because they all make
fun about her thinness.
She is happy with her girl classmates as everyone interacts in

friendly manner with her.

She is little bit indifferent towards her teacher because sometimes
they become rude towards her due to her poor performance
in some subjects.
After returning from school she takes her lunch and then sleeps
for a while in order to relax. In the evening at 6:00 p: m she takes
tuition and after that she does her homework with her mother. Then
she plays with her friends until her mother make her call. At 9:30
p: m she takes her dinner and watches T.V. At 11:00 p: m she goes to
her bed for sleep.
On Sundays or on holidays she wakes up late around 10:00 a: m and
after that she is busy in playing or watching T.V. she go out with her
mother for shopping.
SOCIABILITY AND ADJUSTMENT
SOCIAL TRAITS

POPULAR- the subject lives in a joint family therefore there is

inculcation of all social goods. She is very popular as she is
very sweet and humble but also popular because of her
thinness. She lives in a peaceful atmosphere.

COOPERATIVE- The subject is cooperative in her attitude. She

loves to help everyone. She shares and lends her thing to her
friends.

As everyone in the family fulfills all her needs and takes cares of
her. It has made her egoistic and altruistic. She does not like

to m e e t n e w p e o p l e o r s t r a n g e r s w h o c o m e a t h o m e .
S h e embarrassed in coming front of new people.

She likes to lead everyone in the class or when playing with her
friends. She likes to give order to everyone. She is dominant
in nature.

The subject has confidence in her. She is assistant in making new

friends. There is a medium constancy in friendship.
FRIENDS AND ASSOCIATESFRIENDS:

Shifa: Shifa is subject's friends whose age is 12 years old. She

studies with the subject's school. The subject sits with her in
the class and plays with her.

Ruchi: Ruchi studies in class 8th who is 13 year of age and studies in
the same school. She helps her in her studies and cooperates
with her,
ASSOCIATES:-

Ayushi- She is the subject's neighbor. She is 9 year old and studies in
class 4th in St. John Bosco College. The subjects shares all things
with her, she also plays with her.

Kaniska- Kaniska is common friend Ayushi and subject; she also

plays and spends time with her.
The subject has a indifferent behavior and inferior. She has a
problem of adjusting with new people.
EDUCATIONAL RECORD AND SCHOOL ACTIVITIES-

The subject wants to become doctor but she did not pay full
concentration to studies she is much interested in playing with
friends. Sometimes what is taught in the class is not understood to
her. From the beginning of her schooling she is good in her
studies but with increasing standards of classes she also gets weak
in her studies.
Class 6-the subject in class 6th obtained average marks in all subjects.
Class 7- the subject in class 7th was obtained below average
marks in almost all subjects.
COMPREHENSION
Comprehensively she is average, because sometimes it is
difficult to understand what is said to her.
ORAL EXPRESSION
In oral expression she is average.
WRITTEN EXPRESSION
In written expression she is below average.
GENERAL CONDUCT AND DISCIPLINE
The subject is regular to school but she did not pay attention to
school homework and do not submit the homework at time. But she
is obedient and pay regards for teachers and senior.
There are no incidents of punishments or fine for some serious offence or
indiscipline. She is quit reserved in her nature. She not has the good
ability of responsibility in handling things and materials. The
extracurricular activities which she loves the most is painting. The

class teacher is not at all satisfied with her ability of doing work.

CONCLUSION
In this way we come to know the personal data for case study
which makes us know that she is lagging in her education.
T h e s u b j e c t m e n t a l h e a l t h i s s o u n d b u t s h e h a s a pr o b l e m
i n understanding what is said to her. She has interest in studying science
and English but does not like to study maths, civics, history
because she cannot learn and remember the facts and dates in
history. In the entire family mother is the only one who helps in
studies but most often she is busy in doing domestic work. The
student's comprehensive ability is average and oral expression is
average.
She likes to play with her friends and likes gossiping with them.
The subject is emotionally strong and is capable of adjusting with
other but she does not like new corner or strangers at home. She
does not like to come in front of them. She is very much ambitious;
she wants to become a Doctor. Though she is not good in her studies
but she is average.
The subject participates in painting competition and dance
competition in her school and has won many prizes. In leisure time
she either watch T. V. or do painting. She is very much sensitive
in her nature. The family members help her and fulfill all her
desires and needs that why she has become stubborn in her
nature. She has an inferiority complex that whatever she do but

she can't get good marks easily. Her parents motivate her that if
she studies regular she will able to get good marks but it has not
helped too much.
The progress report of the subject shows that she was doing well in
lower class but as the work burden is increasing she is not able to
cope up with it. It shows that she is not regular in her studies or not
paying attention to day to day teaching in class. She keeps herself clean,
tidy and neat. It also shows that she likes to participate in
extracurricular activities. The subject is popular in her area. She is
cooperative, has the quality of leadership, mixture of artistic and
egoistic in nature. She is regular in -her daily routine. She has a
good relation with her friends. She easily makes friends but
suspicious in nature. She is humble, gloomy, rash, suggestible,
reasonable, nervous, quick, quarrelsome, and amiable, light-hearted
and sober and sacrificing in her nature.
SUGGESTION:FOR PARENTS

The parents should know the mental ability of the child.

Proper atmosphere should be provided at home

Parents should be encouraging.

Parents should be given the knowledge of child psychology and

child guidance. They should understand the needs of the children.

Have sympathetic and affectionate attitude towards children.

fr

No over or under protection should be given by the parents.

Keep conscious watch on the friends of their child.

Parents should know about the progress of their children in school.

They should know their child company in which they move.

Parents should know the level of the subject and should not be
imposing in their decisions.

Parents should make a time table for the subjects which will make
her work easy.

Parents should encourage the subject to get up early in the

morning, exercise and self study.

Parents should give responsibilities to her; make her aware how to

tackle in different situations.

Parents should talk to her friends, teachers and other neighbors.

They should make an arrangement for good tuition.

When the subject does something wrong she should not be

severely punished in fact she should be given love and guidance.

TO TEACHERS

Healthy atmosphere should be created at school and in classroom.

It should be conducive for learning.

Teaching should be arranged according to the interests of these

children. Their needs and problems should be considered.

Teachers should not assign heavy work load. They should be

assigned easy school work.

Teachers should use A-V aids for illustrating.

Practical activities should be organized for their participation.

Teachers should not use harsh treatment for them. Their responses
should be immediately reinforced.
Low intelligent children should be taught with slower pace.

The curriculum should be according to their needs and

requirements. It should be divided into smaller parts.

The deductive method of teaching should be used by the teacher in

classroom.

Programmed instructional method can be used for remedial

purpose. There should be the provision for assimilation.

TO CHILD

The subject should pay more attention towards her studies then in
playing and gossiping.

The subject should do self study and give more time to it.

in studies the subject who has difficulty in any subjects should

consult her teachers, parents or friends.

The subject should work hard and pay more attention towards its
studies so that she can achieve her goal and get success in future.

The subject should improve her comprehensive, oral and written

expression.

The subject while memorizing her class work should repeat many
times, so that it retains in mind for longer time.

The subject should not be impatient, panicky, and impulsive

but should be patient and calm.

EDUCATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CASE STUDY

Case study provides an opportunity to develop insight into basic

aspects of human behavior.

Case study attempts to understand an individual in the totality of

his environment and situation.

Case study helps in diagnosing difficulties and providing remedial

treatment to deviant children.

Case study can be used as a method by giving specific assistance for

making adequate adjustments like role playing etc.

Case study is specially prepared and used by counselors in schools

for psychoanalysis and therapies.

Case study helps to observe events both within and outside the
educational setting in its totality.

Case study helps in changing of attitude of the parents, teachers

and others towards deviant children.

Case study helps in the reallocation of physical situation of the

deviant child.

Case study helps in providing adequate recreational facilities, better

living conditions worth placements, and working conditions or
some such suitable measures.

REFERENCE

Mangal S.K; Advanced Educational Psychology, New Delhi;

Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, page no. 429-470

Dr.Sharama R.A; 1944;Experimental Psychology; Delhi, Surjeet

Publications, page no.60-64,625-659

CONTENTS
S.No.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.1
4.1

5.1
5.2

Particulars
Introduction
Meaning and definitions of content analysis
Purpose of content analysis
Need and Importance of Content Analysis
Meaning of Text Book
Need of Text Book
Characteristics of Good Text Book
Methodology and Design of Content Analysis
Analysis and Interpretation
Lesson -1 - Sound
Lesson -2 - Air
Lesson -3 - Acid, Base and Alkali
Lesson -4 - Static Electricity
Lesson -5 - Water
Master Table
Book Appearance, Discussion, Conclusion &
Suggestion

CHAPTER-I
C O N T E N T AN A LYS I S
1.1 INTRODUCTION :
Content analysis is a term used to describe the systematic application
of educational technology to an educational or training problem
starting with the input (entry behaviour) and output (terminal
behaviour) and determining how best to progress from the former to the
later.
Content analysis is an educational tool developed to make the
educational adventure more flexible, holistic, logical, orderly, responsible
and self correcting rather than intutive, undefinable and unordered.
Under this step, the content analysis is done with a view of
teaching point. The student and teacher throughly study the content. The
students perform the following tasks under this
i)

Analysis of facts, laws and principle etc.

ii) Analysis their relationship

ii) Analysis them into organized principles
Finding out the range of background, interest, attitudes, aptitudes, skills
and understandings of the student.
1.2 Meaning and definitions of content Analysis:
Meaning- "Group of things or parts working together in a regular
relation."
A content analysis involves a careful examination of the task and
objective in an effort to determine such things as to how task will be
taught, to whom and when.

Content analysis is a standard methodology for studying the content of

communication.
In it skill decided at the end of the unit of instruction is described
and then analysis into a repertoire of behaviour structures must be
sequentially built up to arrive at the terminal performance.
1.3

PURPOSE OF CONTENT ANALYSIS :

Content analysis enables us to bring principles derived from

learning theory to bear on the sequencing of instruction. We can

identify the classes of behaviour which differ in respect to the conditions
necessary for learning.

The content analysis assists the teacher to determine the specific

task to the student has failed to perform.

It can also describes the task which the student has to learn.
In content analysis the knowledge to be taught must be

systematically organised so that silent points are identified and critical

bios.
1.4

NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF CONTENT ANALYSIS: -

Objectives provide direction to classroom teachers.

They indicate the way of follow.

They help the teacher in instructional planning, and guiding

student's learning.

They provide a basis for evaluation.

They establish coordination among different factors of teaching.

They help in planning the teaching experiences.

Developing skills in a specific science.

Understand the subject.

Appreciation of a subject.
A set of more specific objectives suitable to the subjects and pupils

and such specific objectives which bring about preceptible behavioural

changes in pupil when subjected to instructions are known as
"Instructional objectives". They are stated in terms of the learner's
behaviour.

CHAPTER-2
TEXT BOOK
2.1- MEANING OF TEXT BOOK : We can define text book that
"it is the content selected and organized on the basis of the specified
syllabus in reference to the leaner that is students' age, interest and
level."
A text book presents the content for student's learning by
specific techniques.
It assists the teacher is construction of effective teaching-learning
process. A textbook includes organisation of the content, pictures,
examples, revision and exercise.

A text book is the means of teaching.

A text book includes specifically selected teaching material.

The material in the text book is according to needs.

The contact in the textbook is in order.

A textbook is based on a specified curriculum.

The content of a textbook is according to the needs of the student.

The content in a textbook is analysed according to the interests of

the student

A textbook is related to a specific class and subject.

2.2 NEED OF TEXT-BOOK

Scienceis a mixed subject. Due to its scientific form this is not as
easy as it was earlier. The scientific discoveries has made it more
intricate than before.
Due to this complexity and the need to acquire knowledge, the
fixation of text-books and their study has become a must.
Economical: Text books are more economical as compared with
other means. Other means of content teaching, such as film strips,
films, etc. are more expensive.
Individual Teaching : Text books are helpful in individualized
teaching. With their use, it is possible for the students to proceed in
learning according to his individual rate of learning and specific
abilities.
Convenience of study : Text book provide convenience of
studying different things at the sametime. The students can also
revise as may be needed.
To make teaching organized and uniform: Text books are
helpful in making class teaching organized and uniform, because
they provide similar learning experiences.
To Explain fact: Text book enable the students to understand and
analysed the written facts.
Development of various qualities: The analysis of text
book, content motivates the students in understanding the content
and its application in different circumstances. A textbook is
helpful in making their view point scientific and developing
scientific method.

 Revision and Homework : Text books help the students in

revision and doing homework.
Self-study: Textbooks provide opportunities for self-study learning
and thinking.
Development

of

Interest:

Textbooks

are

helpful

in

developing interest towards biological science in the student.

2.3 Characteristics of Good Text book:
The following norms can be helpful in selecting a good textbook.
1. According to syllabus: A text book should be according to the
syllabus as specified by the education department. All parts of
syllabus should be adequately deal with in it.
2. Fulfillment of teaching objectives: The level for which the
text book has been written, it should fulfill the teaching objectives
of science for the level.
3. Writer of the textbook: A textbook should be written by an
experienced, able and scholarly writer. Besides the subject
knowledge, he should also possess complete mastery over the
language.
4. Useful for common students: Content of text book should be useful
for common student. Content should be according to the age, class
and experiences. It should be according to level, need and interest of
the students.
5. Organization: Text books are organized in two ways:(a) Logical Organization: In it content is made and its
different parts are serialized according to that viewpoint.
(b)Psychological

Organization:

The

focal

point

of

this

organization is the student.

The attitude, interest, age, intellectual levels, needs,
experiences and desires are made its basis.
6) Content: It should have such qualities:
(a)According to standard
(b)According to requirements
(c) Up to date
(d)Practicability
(e) Inter-disciplirary
(f) Suggestions and Instructions
(g) Summary and Revision
(h)Questions and Problems
6) Language: Text book should have interesting, attractive style,
simple

language

sentences,

seperate

paragraphs,

errorless,

standard language a symbols, formulae, definition words,

terminology, clear and attractive pictures and photographs should
be sufficiently vivid and meaningful according to level of subject
matter.
6) Presentation of content:

It should be related to the

development, departments integration, reinforcement, generalization

and practical utility of biological science.
It should be helpful in the exploration attitude. It should be
helpful in development of interest towards biological science,
scientific attitude and also helpful in the development of problemsolving' skill.

METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN OF CONTENT ANALYSIS

Content of Analysis: Content analysis is method for breaking
down natural textbook into units. Breakdown or analysis is devides
text into unit of analysis. It tries to fine class of informal pattern
that group the unit together logically according shared attributes.
.Each unit is further devide into topics and topics are devided
into content point. The patterns usually share meaning perhaps
emotional, phonenatic, symentic and functional regularities. A
research can be used for analysing the material include in the book
by analysing the content the short comings of text books can be removed
and be modified.. The content is done to cater the needs of the learners to
help them able to acheive the attainment of learning objectives indesired
manner.
STEPS OF CONTENT ANALYSIS:
1. Choosing a criteria: To assign objective the method of text
is given a particular criteria by pointing out content point
(units) and its important aspects.
2. Coding of criteria:
i. Knowledge = K
ii. Understanding= Uri
iii. Application = Ap
iv. Analysis

=An

v. Skill

= Skill

3. Selecting chapter's for analysis: The analysis is done by

selecting chapters. Each chapter is devided into content point
and content point is further devided into sub-content.

4. Frequency: Frequency of each objectives is covered in

chapter and each part of respective chapters are mentioned.
5. Weighatage: While analysis the instructional materials
in the light of instructional objectives. The matters belonging to
a particular instructional objectives are counted in numbers
and further their percentage is determined. That will given
idea of weightage given to each and every instructional objectives
both in the content part as well as evaluation part in each chapter
of the text-book.

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Chapter-1
Sound
In this chapter following points are given1- Types of Sound
2- Movement of Sound
3- Listening of animals
4-Noise (Harmful effects and controls)
5- Speed of Light
Content Part (Table 1)
Chapter-1

Instructional objectives

Sound

thi

Ap

An

Skill

Total

22.72

31.81

18.18

13.62

13.62

Weightage

Analysis of Evaluation Part (Table - 1)

Chapter-1

Instructional objectives

Sound

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

20

30

25

10

20

15

Weightage

The knowledge percentage of the content in chapter is 22.72

while in exercise it is 30%. The understanding percentage of the
content in chapter is 31.8 while in exercise it is 25%. The
application percentage of the content in chapter is 18.18, while in
exercise it is 10%. The analysis of the content in chapter is 13.62,
while in exercise it is 20%. The skills percentage of the content in
chapter is 13.62, while in exercise it is 15%.

Chapter - 2 'Air'
In this chapter following points are given1- Percentage of air Ingredients
2- Changes in air components
3- Formation of Oxygen
4- Uses of air Ingredients
Content Part Table No. 2
Chapter-2
Air
Weightage

Instructional objectives
K

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

24

12.5

29.16

25

25

8.33

Analysis of Evaluation Part Table No. 2

Chapter-2
Air
Weightage

Instructional objectives
K

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

24

20.83

25

20.83

20.83

8.33

The knowledge percentage of the content in chapter is 12.5 while in

exercise it is 20.83%. The understanding percentage of the content in
chapter is 29.16 while in exercise it is 25%. The application percentage of
the content in chapter is 25, while in exercise it is 20.83%. The analysis
of the content in chapter is 25, while in exercise it is 20.83%. The skills
percentage of the content in chapter is 8.33, while in exercise it is 8.33%.

Chapter - 3 "Acid , Base and Alkali"

In this chapter following points are given1- Presence of Acid and Base in Nature
2- Acidic acid and alkali oxide and oxide formation Basic.
3- Specific elements of Acid and Base.
4- Uses of Acid, Base in domestic and Industrial Area.
Content Part : Table No. 3
Chapter-3
Acid,

Base

Instructional objectives
and K

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total
24

Alkali

Weightage

29.16

29.16

25

8.33

8.33

Analysis of Evaluation Part : Table No. 3

Chapter-3
Acid,

Base

Alkali
Weightage

Instructional objectives
and

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

26

19.23

f
15.38

15.38

26.92

23.07

The knowledge percentage of the content in chapter is 29.16 while in

exercise it is 26.92%. The understanding percentage of the content in
chapter is 29.16 while in exercise it is 23.07%. The application
percentage of the content in chapter is 25, while in exercise it is 19.23%.
The analysis of the content in chapter is 8.33, while in exercise it is
15.38%. The skills percentage of the content in chapter is '8.33, while
in exercise it is 15.38%.

Chapter - 4 "Static Electricity"

In this chapter following points are given1. The nature of electric charge
2. Rubbed charging Items
3. Attraction between two charged objects
4. Types of changes.
5. Origin of charges by friction.
6. Current (flow of charge in the driver)
7. Lighting
Content Part : Table No. 4
Chapter-4
Static Electricity
Weightage

Instructional objectives
K

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

17

23.52

29.41

17.64

11.76

17.64

Anatysis of Evaluation Part : Table No. 4

Chapter-4

Instructional objectives

Static

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

Electricity
Weightage

16

18.75

25

25

18.75

12.5

The knowledge percentage of the content in chapter is 23.52 while in

exercise it is 18.75%. The understanding percentage of the content in
chapter is 29.41 while in exercise it is 25%. The application percentage of
the content in chapter is 17.64, while in exercise it is 25%. The analysis of
the content in chapter is 11.73, while in exercise it is 18.75%. The skills
percentage of the content in chapter is 17.64, while in exercise it is
12.5%.

Chapter 5 'Water'
In this chapter following points are given1- The constituent of Water.
2- Physical & chemical elements of water.
3- Water is a good solvent.
4- Water salinity.
5- Hardness of water
6- Water conservation
Content Part : Table No. 5
Chapter-5
water
Weightage

Instructional objectives
K

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

19

26.31

21.05

15.78

21.05

15.78

Analysis of Evaluation Part : Table No. 5

Chapter-5
Air

Weightage

Instructional objectives
K

Un

Ap

An

Skill

Total

20

30

25

20

3
15

10

The knowledge percentage of the content in chapter is 26.31 while in

exercise it is 30%. The understanding percentage of the content in
chapter is 21.05 while in exercise it is 25%. The application percentage
of the content in chapter is 15.78, while in exercise it is 20%. The
analysis of the content in chapter is 21.05, while in exercise it is 15%. The
skills percentage of the content in chapter is 15.78, while in exercise it is
10%.

MASTER TABLE

Master chart of content Part

CHAPTER

Topic Name

Un

Ap

An

Skills Total

Sound

22

Air

24

Acid, Base and Alkali 7

4
Static Electricity

24

17

Water
Total

19

24

30

22

17

13

106

Weightage

22.64 28.30 20.75 16.03 12.26

4
5

Master chart of the content part shows that total number of

objectives related to knowledge is 24, its weightage is 22.64,
understanding is 30, its weightage is 28.30, application is 22, its
weightage 20.75, Analysis is 17 its weightage is 16.3 and the objective
related to skill is 13, its weightage is 12.26. Thus, the total number
of instructional objective in content part is 106 respectively.
Master chart of content Part
CHAPTER Topic Name

Un

Ap

An

Skills Total

Sound

20

Air

2
5

24

Acid, Base and Alkali 7

3
Static Electricity

26

16

Water
Total

20

27

26

20

20

13

106

Weightage

25.47 24.52 18.86 18.86 12.64

Master chart of the evaluation part shows that the total number of

questions, exercises related to instructional objectives is 106, in which

questions related to knowledge is 27, weightage is 25.47%,
understanding is 26, its weightage is 24.52, application is 20, its
weightage is 18.86, analysis related question are 20, there weightage
is 18.86 and skill based exercises or are only 13 in number and its
weightage is 12.64 respectively.
This shows that there is correlation between content and evaluation
part with there is low correlation.

BOOK APPEARANCE

Printing and get up of text book: Printing and get up of

textbook is quiet good and attractive.

Paper : The paper used in text book is good.

Printing of subject matter : Printing the size of letters and
pictures are kept large. Headings are given in large and bold
type as needed.
Letter: Printing is done is large and straight letters. Ink is used
in proper measure.
Binding: The title of the book is attractive and strong. Ifs
binding are such that textbook can be fully opened and read.
Size of text book: The size of textbook is adequate size. So that
the students can carry it conveiently.

DISCUSSION
1.3

Academic considerations are taken bases for selecting a science text

book.
I.

Interesting and Attractive style : It is written in an

interesting and attractive style so that the student take interest in
reading it.

II.

Simple Language: The language of the textbook is simple and

clear and according to ability of expected level of students.

III.

Sentences: Simple sentences are used. Sentences are not scattered

here

and

there, they are related to one another. They are organize well and
style way.
IV.

Attractive and clear: Scientific facts and principles are

clarified using practical work experiments and attractive and clear
pictures which helps in clarification of subject and makes teaching
interesting.

V.

Separate Paragraphs: Different facts and principles are

discussed in separate paragraphs.

VI.

Termiology or Vacubulary: Easy and simple vacubulary is

used and difficult words are avoided. Using such technical and
general words which students mean generally acquain.

VII.

Simplicity of Diagrams: Simple and well labelled diagrams are

given in textbooks. Such diagrams are self explanatory and
helps the student in understanding the subject matter with
simple, logical and organized way.

VIII.

Correctness of matter: Examples pictures, diagrams,

illustrations, sketches are sufficiently vivid. It shows aims of

teaching science. Some assignments are given at the end of the
chapter. A table of contents are provided at the beginning and
covers such areas as applications to life situations, questions,
suggestions for experimental work and projects, and objectives.
Glossary of some important scientific terms are given at end.

CONCLUSION
1. Syllabus: Test book is according to the suggested syllabus.
2. Knowledge of Changes: Due to the evaluation of teachinglearning process, it provides information about all behavioural
changes taking place in the students' in all aspects.
3. Contents: All the topics are given equal importance. Presentation
of content according to the objectives and directions of syllabus
which is suitable for the science teaching.
4. Relationship, between content and lesson: It has seen
while organizing content that the topics and lessons are
mutually related.
5. Interconnection: The content which is taught in a class,
related with parts taught in the previous and next next class.
6. Order: The arrangement of content is psychological and logical.
7. Instructional material: Different types of teaching or
instructional material are used by which the learning difficulty
of the students can be eliminated.
8. Proper Utilization: Students may be able to understand facts,
principles and process of biological science. They can adopt
creative and exploratory attainment in the execution of
activities.

SUGGESTIONS
In the end of the book test papers and suggestions for practical work
must be given.
The books should be revised from time to time and necessary change
should be made.