b23 Indian

head
massage
Indian head massage
has been practised for
thousands of years. The
treatment is carried out
on the upper body, in
particular on the scalp and
shoulders. It is benecial
in helping to relieve stress
and tension, and also helps
to improve the condition
of the hair and scalp. It is
based on the ancient
system of medicine known
as Ayurveda, the aim of

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 143

which is to promote health,

beauty and a long life. This
unit will teach you how to
plan the best treatment for
the client, how to select
appropriate oils, how to
coordinate your breathing
to the best effect and how
to carry out suitable
massage techniques. You
will also learn about
Chakras and Marma points,
as well as body, mind and
spiritual awareness.

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Image courtesy of Daylesford Day Spa

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 144

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Image courtesy of Spa Find Skincare

Unit B23 (City & Guilds Unit 029)

Provide Indian head massage
Mandatory (Massage route)
Indian head massage

Evidence requirements

Image courtesy of Natural by Nature Oils Ltd (www.naturalbynature.co.uk)

Image courtesy of London School of Indian Champissage (p 143)

To achieve this unit you must practically

demonstrate in your everyday work that you
have met the standards for providing Indian head
massage treatment.
The standards cover things that you must do
(performance criteria), things that you must
cover (range) and things that
you must know.

What you must do

Your evidence should be collected when carrying
out a real job, whether paid or voluntary, and
when dealing with real clients, whether internal or
external to the salon. Simulation is not allowed for
any performance evidence within this unit.
Most evidence of your performance will be
gathered from the observations made by your
assessor, but you may be required to produce
other evidence to support your performance
if your assessor has not been present. This will
involve your assessor observing your performance
on at least three separate occasions, on three
different clients. One massage must include
the use of massage oil and one massage must
exclude the use of oil.

145

This unit has

four outcomes.
Outcome 1
Maintain safe and
effective methods
of working when
providing Indian
head massage
Outcome 2
Consult, plan
and prepare for
treatments
with clients
Outcome 3
Perform Indian
head massage
Outcome 4
Provide aftercare
advice

An Indian head massage

is a wonderfully relaxing
treatment, which helps to
relieve the clients stresses
and leaves them feeling great.
Adele OKeefe

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 145

26/02/13 4:33 PM

146

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

What you must cover

You will see key words in bold on the What you
must do list. For each of these, there is a range of
things that you must cover. You must show that
you have:
Used all of
the following
consultation
techniques:
Questioning
Visual
Manual
Reference to
client records

Dealt with all

of the following
client physical
characteristics:
Posture
Muscle tone
Age
Health
Skin condition
Hair condition
Scalp condition

Indian head massage is a

very powerful treatment,
so become familiar with the
term Healing Crisis and
the symptoms.
Sarah Farrell

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 146

Dealt with at least

one of the following
necessary actions :
Encouraging the client
to seek medical advice
Explaining why the
treatment cannot
be carried out
Modification
of treatment

Used all of the

following massage
techniques:
Effleurage
Petrissage
Tapotement
Friction
Marma (pressure)
points

Covered all of the

following treatment
areas:
Face
Head
Chest and shoulders
Arms and hands
Back
Chakras

However, you
must prove to your
assessor that you are
able to deal with the
other two.

Met all of the

following treatment
objectives:
Relaxation
Sense of wellbeing
Uplifting
Improvement of hair
and scalp condition

Image courtesy of iStockphoto.com/Deborah Benbrook

Unit B23 (City & Guilds Unit 029)

Provide Indian head massage
Mandatory (Massage route) (continued)

Given all of the

following types
of advice:
Avoidance of activities
which may cause
contra-actions
Future treatment
needs
Modifications to
lifestyle patterns
Suitable homecare
products and their use

26/02/13 4:33 PM

What you must know

You will be assessed on your knowledge of
the following:
Organisational and legal requirements
How to work safely and effectively when
providing Indian head massage
Client consultation
Preparation for treatment
Anatomy and physiology
Contra-indications and contra-actions
Indian head massage mediums
Treatment specific knowledge
Aftercare advice for clients

Image courtesy of London School of Indian Champissage

This will be completed through written and oral

questioning by your assessor, or by an online
test. For details of what you must know, see
pages 158164.

began in India,
ge
ssa
a
m
d
ea
h
n
ia
Ind
passed down
where the skills wnerereation .
through each ge

Hints and tips

Have fresh water

nearby to offer
your client, to
ensure their
comfort and
minimise
contra-actions.

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 147

Indian head massage

147

Useful words
Some terms that you will come across in this unit
are explained below.
Alopecia This is the term used for hair loss,
whether it is a small bald patch or total hair loss
over the whole body. It usually results from
shock, trauma, illness or prolonged stress.
Ayurveda A healing system that comes from
a sacred Hindu text, describing how the mind,
body and spirit should be in harmony to improve
the heath and wellbeing of the person.
Chakras Energy centres that do not have
a physical form and are a way of describing
energies and energy flow. They are the focal
points for restoring balance to the body. There
are seven major Chakras Indian head massage
refers to the three higher Chakras.
Coconut oil Derived from coconuts, this is a
light moisturising oil which relieves inflammation.
Fibromyalgia A condition that causes
musculoskeletal pain. Deep massage on the
local area should be avoided.
Hair tugging A scalp technique where the
hair is lifted and pulled at scalp level to
stimulate blood flow.
Marma points Pressure points on the body that
stimulate life force, similar to acupressure. During
Indian head massage you may cover 37 points in
the treatment area.
Mustard oil A popular oil in India, useful during
cold spells due to the hot warming sensation it
creates. It is good for tense, tight muscles and
dryness of the scalp. Not for use on sensitive skin.
Sesame oil Popular in Ayurveda, it has a high
mineral content and so is useful for nourishing
the hair.
Whiplash A condition produced when the
muscles, ligaments, discs or nerves in the neck
region are damaged due to sudden trauma.
Indian head massage can help to relieve pain
and discomfort.

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Observation sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must do
Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

Within your work,

you must show your
assessor that you
can do the following.
Your assessor will
make at least three
observations of
your work on at
least three separate
occasions, on three
different clients.
This must include
one massage with
the use of massage
oil and one massage
that excludes the
use of oil.

Each time you

achieve all the
points listed below
within a single
client service, your
assessor will tick
the circle and enter
the date.

Outcome 1
Maintain safe and effective methods
of working when providing Indian
head massage
a Set up and monitor the treatment area
to meet organisation procedures and
manufacturers instructions
b Make sure that environmental conditions
are suitable for the client and the treatment
c Ensure your personal hygiene, protection
and appearance meets accepted industry
and organisational requirements
d Ensure that your nails are short, clean,
well manicured and free of polish
e Effectively disinfect your hands prior
to and after treatment
f Ensure your own posture and position
minimises fatigue and risk of injury
whilst working
g Ensure all tools and equipment are cleaned
using the correct methods
h Position equipment and massage medium
for ease and safety of use
i Ensure the client is in a comfortable and
relaxed position suitable for the treatment
j Maintain accepted industry hygiene and
safety practices throughout the treatment
Continues on next page

e treatment area
th
re
su
e
k
a
m
ys
a
lw
A
client arrives.
is ready before your

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 148

Image courtesy of Champneys Health Resorts (www.champneys.com)

148

26/02/13 4:33 PM

k Adopt a positive, polite and reassuring

manner towards the client throughout
the treatment
l Maintain the clients modesty, privacy
and comfort at all times
m Dispose of waste materials safely
and correctly
n Ensure the treatment is cost-effective and is
carried out within a commercially viable time
o Ensure client record cards are up-to-date,
accurate, complete, legible and signed by
the client and practitioner
p Leave the treatment area in a condition
suitable for future treatments

Observation
Achieved
Date
Candidate signature

Indian head massage

149

Assessor signature
IQA signature
(if sampled)
EQA signature
(if sampled)
Continues on next page

The ambience of a treatment

room is very important
in ensuring the client
feels comfortable.
Anita Crosland

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Observation sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must do (continued)
150

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

Outcome 2

If carrying out a
seated treatment,
make sure your
clients legs are
uncrossed and feet
are placed rmly
on the oor.

Consult, plan and prepare for treatments

with clients
a Use consultation techniques in a polite,
sensitive and friendly manner to determine
the clients treatment needs
b Ensure that informed and signed parent or
guardian consent is obtained for minors
prior to any massage treatment
c Ensure that a parent or guardian is present
throughout the massage treatment for minors
under the age of 16
d Clearly explain to the client what
the treatment entails in a way they
can understand
e Use suitable consultation techniques to
identify your clients medical history, physical
characteristics and lifestyle pattern
f Ask your client appropriate questions to
identify if they have any contra-indications
to massage treatments
g Accurately record your clients responses
to questioning
h Actively encourage clients to ask questions
and clarify any points
i Take the necessary action in response to
any identified contra-indications
j Ensure client advice is given without
reference to a specific medical condition and
without causing undue alarm and concern
k Clearly explain and agree the projected
cost, likely duration and frequency
treatment needed
l Agree in writing the clients needs,
expectations and treatment objectives,
ensuring they are realistic and achievable

**

***

Image courtesy of www.therapyessentials.co.uk

Hints and tips

Continues on next page

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 150

26/02/13 4:33 PM

m Adapt client preparation procedures to suit

the environment in which the massage is to
be undertaken
n Ensure that clothing, hair and accessories
are effectively protected or removed
o Select suitable resources and massage
medium, if required, to meet the
treatment objectives

Observation
Achieved
Date
Candidate signature

Indian head massage

151

Assessor signature
IQA signature (if sampled)
EQA signature (if sampled)

*
**
***

Covered by observation
Covered by oral questioning
Covered by observation
Covered by oral questioning
Covered by observation
Covered by oral questioning

Date
Date
Date
Date
Date
Date

Continues on next page

Image courtesy of Spa Find Skincare

Hints and tips

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 151

You can sele

improve yourctclian oil to help and
ent s hair cond
ition .

If your client has

long or thick hair,
section it into
quarters to ensure
even coverage of oil
and prevent using
too much.

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Observation sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must do (continued)
152

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

Outcome 3
Perform Indian head massage
a Provide suitable support and cushioning
to specific areas of the body during
the treatment if necessary
b Adapt your massage techniques, sequence
and use of massage medium to meet the
clients physical characteristics and
treatment area(s)
c Effectively vary the depth, rhythm and
pressure of massage movements to meet
treatment objectives, treatment area(s)
and clients physical characteristics
and preferences
d Ensure that correct breathing techniques
are co-ordinated with that of the client
e Ensure the application and use of massage
medium minimises waste, when used
f Take appropriate and prompt remedial action
if contra-actions or discomfort occur during
the course of treatment
g Allow the client sufficient post-treatment
recovery time
h Ensure the finished result is to the clients
satisfaction and meets the agreed
treatment objectives

Observation
Achieved
Date
Candidate signature

Assessor signature
IQA signature
(if sampled)
EQA signature
(if sampled)

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 152

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Outcome 4
Provide aftercare advice
a Give advice and recommendations
accurately and constructively
b Give your clients suitable advice specific
to their individual needs
Indian head massage

Observation
Achieved
Date
Candidate signature

153

Assessor signature
IQA signature (if sampled)
EQA signature (if sampled)

Timing tip

Image courtesy of London School of Indian Champissage

The maximum
commercially
viable time for
an Indian head
massage is 45 mins.

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 153

the massage and

m
or
rf
pe
u
yo
s
a
x
a
Rel
x too.
your client will rela

An Indian head massage

performed by an expert is a
fantastic experience. It seems
to lift weight, worries and
stress, leaving your client
feeling free and exhilarated.
Narendra Mehta

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Observation sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must cover (continued)
154

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

Before ticking the circles below, you must make sure that you have
achieved What you must cover in all the outcomes in which it occurs.
Consultation
techniques

Tick the consultation techniques used for each observation.

You must use all consultation techniques.
1

Questioning
Visual
Manual
Reference to client
records
Physical
characteristics

Tick the types of client physical characteristics dealt with for each
observation. You must deal with all physical characteristics.
1

Posture
Muscle tone
Age
Health
Skin condition
Hair condition
Scalp condition
Necessary actions

Tick the necessary action dealt with if it occurs during an observation.

You must deal with at least one of the necessary actions, but you must
prove to your assessor that you are able to deal with the other two.
1

Encouraging the client

to seek medical advice
Explaining why the
treatment cannot be
carried out
Modification
of treatment
Continues on next page

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 154

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Indian head massage

Treatment
objectives

155

Tick the treatment objectives met in each observation.

You must meet all treatment objectives.
1

Relaxation
Sense of wellbeing
Uplifting
Improvement of hair
and scalp condition
Massage techniques

Tick the massage techniques used for each observation.

You must use all of the massage techniques.
1

Effleurage
Petrissage
Tapotement
Friction
Marma
(pressure) points
Treatment areas

Tick the treatment areas covered for each observation.

You must cover all of the treatment areas.
1

Face
Head
Chest and shoulders
Arms and hands
Back
Chakras
Continues on next page

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Observation sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must cover (continued)
156

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

Advice

Tick the types of advice given for each observation.

You must give all types of advice.
1

Avoidance of activities
which may cause
contra-actions
Future treatment
needs
Modifications to
lifestyle patterns
Suitable homecare
products and their use

Observation
Achieved
Date
Candidate signature
Assessor signature
IQA signature (if sampled)

strengthens hair
ge
ssa
a
m
d
ea
h
n
ia
Ind
e texture of the
follicles, improvesrathges hair growth.
hair and encou

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 156

Image courtesy of Orly

EQA signature (if sampled)

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Comment form
Unit B23

Indian head massage

157

This form can be used to record oral questioning,

or for assessor/candidate comments, if required.
Comment
1

Date

Image courtesy of iStockphoto.com/ Niko Guido

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 157

Support the clien

treatment, so th t s head throughout the
muscle isnt stra e sternocleidomastoid
ined.

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Knowledge sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must know
158

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

You will be assessed

on your knowledge
and understanding
of all the following
points. This will
be completed by
your assessor
through oral or
written questions
(evidence type E3)
or a mandatory
written paper (E4).
Either of these could
be an online test.
The form tells you
which evidence
type is needed
for each point.

You need to understand:

Evidence type

Organisational and legal requirements

1 your responsibilities under current health & safety
E3
legislation, standards and guidance eg the Care
Standards Act, the Health & Safety at Work Act
(and any other relevant legislation)
2 your responsibilities under local authority licensing
E3
regulations for yourself and your premises
3 the importance of not discriminating against clients
E3
with illnesses and disabilities and why (eg Disability
Discrimination Act)
4 the age at which an individual is classed as a minor
E3
and how this differs nationally
5 why minors should not be given treatments without
E3
informed and signed parental or guardian consent
6 why it is important, when treating minors under the
E3
age of 16, to have a parent present
Some areas appear
E3
in more than one unit 7 the legal signicance of gaining signed, informed
client consent to treatment
(shaded in darker
blue). These are
8 manufacturers and organisational requirements
E3
covered in a crossfor waste disposal
unit knowledge test. 9 the importance of the correct storage of client
E3
You only need to be
records in relation to the Data Protection Act
tested on
10 how to complete the client records used in your
E3
these once.
organisation and the importance of, and reasons
Once you have
for, keeping records of treatments and gaining
been assessed on
client signatures
each point, you
11 your responsibilities, and reasons for, maintaining
E3
can ll in the date
your own personal hygiene, protection and
and reference any
appearance according to accepted industry
written evidence
and organisation requirements
that youve put in
your portfolio.
Continues on next page

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You need to understand:

Evidence type

12 the organisations requirements for client preparation

13 your organisations service times for Indian head
massage and the importance of completing the
service in a commercially viable time
14 your organisations requirements for treatment area
maintenance
How to work safely and effectively when providing
Indian head massage
15 how to set up the work area for Indian head massage
16 the necessary environmental conditions for Indian
head massage (including lighting, heating, ventilation
and general comfort) and why these are important
17 the importance and reasons for disinfecting hands
and how to do this effectively
18 how to position yourself and the client for Indian head
massage taking into account individual physical
characteristics
19 what is repetitive strain injury (RSI), how it is caused
and how to avoid developing it when delivering
massage treatments
20 the importance of adopting the correct posture
throughout the treatment and the impact this may
have on yourself and the outcome of the treatment
21 reasons for maintaining client modesty, privacy and
comfort during the treatment
22 why it is important to maintain standards of hygiene
and the principles of avoiding cross-infection
23 how to minimise and dispose of waste from
treatments
Client consultation
24 why it is important to encourage and allow time for
clients to ask questions
25 how to use effective consultation techniques when
communicating with clients from different cultural and
religious backgrounds, age, disabilities and gender for
this treatment

E3
E3

E3
Indian head massage

159

E3
E3

E3
E3

E3

E3

E3
E3
E3

E3
E3

Continues on next page

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Knowledge sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must know (continued)
160

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

Hints and tips

A client suffering
from tension
headaches should
be encouraged to
relax their upper
body muscles with
specic exercises
before treatment,
and to continue
with these at home.

You need to understand:

Evidence type

26 the importance of questioning clients to establish

any contra-indications to Indian head massage
27 why it is important to record client responses
to questioning
28 the legal signicance of client questioning and
recording the clients responses
29 how to give effective advice and recommendations
to clients
30 how to visually assess the physical characteristics in
the range
31 how to assess posture and skeletal conditions that
may be present and how to adapt and change the
massage routine
32 how to recognise different skin types and conditions
33 how to recognise different scalp conditions and
hair types
34 the reasons why it is important to encourage clients
with contra-indications to seek medical advice
35 the importance of, and reasons for, not naming
specic contra-indications when encouraging
clients to seek medical advice
36 why it is important to maintain clients modesty,
privacy and comfort
37 relationship between lifestyle patterns and
effectiveness of treatment
38 the benecial effects which can result from changes
to the clients lifestyle pattern (eg dietary and uid
intake, exercise habits, smoking habits, sleep
patterns, hobbies, interests and means of relaxation)

E3
E3
E3
E3
E3
E3

E3
E3
E3
E3

E3
E3
E3

Continues on next page

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You need to understand:

Evidence type

Preparation for treatment

39 the importance of giving clients clear instructions
on the removal of relevant clothing, accessories
and general preparation for the treatment
40 why it is important to reassure clients during the
preparation process whilst also maintaining the
clients modesty and privacy
41 how to select the appropriate massage oil suitable
for skin, scalp and hair type and condition
42 how and when to adapt client preparation when
working in different environments (eg cleansing
the face, suitable positioning of the client etc)
43 how to practically and mentally prepare yourself
for carrying out the treatment
Anatomy and physiology
44 the structure and function of muscles, including the
types of muscles (ie voluntary and involuntary) within
the treatment areas
45 the positions and actions of the main muscle groups
within the treatment areas
46 the position and function of the primary bones
and joints of the skeletal system within the
treatment areas
47 how to recognise postural faults and conditions
within the treatment areas (eg kyphosis, scoliosis)
48 the structure, function and location of blood vessels
and the principles of circulation, blood pressure and
pulse within the treatment areas
49 the interaction of lymph and blood within the
circulatory system
50 the structure and function of lymphatic system
51 the position and function of the sinuses
52 the basic principles of the central nervous system
and autonomic system
53 the basic principles of the endocrine and respiratory
systems

E3

E3
Indian head massage

161

E3
E3

E3

E4

E4
E4

E4
E4

E4
E4
E4
E4
E4

Hints and tips

Think carefully
about the most
appropriate time
of day for carrying
out treatments, in
order to fully meet
the clients needs.

Continues on next page

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Knowledge sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must know (continued)
162

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

You need to understand:

Evidence type

54 the structure and function of skin (ie the layers of the

epidermis, the dermis, subcutaneous layer, including
connective tissues, nerve endings, sweat glands,
sebaceous glands, capillaries and hairs)
55 the skin characteristics and skin types of different
ethnic client groups
56 the effects of Indian head massage on the individual
systems of the body
57 the physical and psychological effects of Indian
head massage
Contra-indications and contra-actions
58 those contra-indications that prevent treatment and
why (eg during chemotherapy and radiotherapy, skin
diseases and disorders, hair and scalp disorders etc.)
59 those contra-indications which may restrict treatment
or where caution should be taken, in specic areas
and why (eg diabetes, epilepsy, high and low blood
pressure, product allergies, sebaceous cysts, eczema,
acne, any medical condition with specialist or general
practitioner approval etc)
60 possible contra-actions which may occur during and
post treatment and how to deal with them (eg lightheadedness, headache)
Indian head massage mediums
61 how to store and maintain Indian head massage
mediums in a safe and hygienic manner (eg in date and
away from light and heat) and why this is important

E4

E4
E4
E4

E4

E4

E4

E3

Continues on next page

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You need to understand:

Evidence type

62 how to use Indian head massage mediums safely

and effectively
63 the types of Indian head massage oils available and
their benecial properties (eg mustard, coconut, olive
and sesame)
Treatment specic knowledge
64 key aspects of the origins and traditions of Indian
head massage
65 the basic principles of Ayurveda
66 principles of body, mind and spiritual wellness
67 the principles and practices of Marma (pressure)
points application (of which 37 are in the treatment
area) and their purpose
68 the principles and practices of the 7 primary Chakras
and their importance in relation to the Indian head
massage treatment
69 the importance of getting the client to remove their
shoes before treatment
70 why it is important to maintain correct posture
during Indian head massage and complete your own
stretching exercises to prevent repetitive strain injury
71 the correct use and application of Indian head
massage techniques to meet a variety of treatment
objectives, including those in the range
72 how to adapt the Indian head massage sequence,
depth and pressure to suit different client physical
characteristics, areas of the body and preferences
73 why effective client breathing is necessary prior to
starting the treatment
74 how your own breathing techniques can enhance the
effectiveness of the treatment process (eg to maintain
stamina and concentration)
75 the advantages of Indian head massage
76 how and why support and cushioning would be used
during the treatment
77 the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of
Indian head massage treatments

E3
E3

Indian head massage

163

E3
E3
E3
E3

E3

E3
E3

E3

E3

E3
E3

E3
E3
E3

Continues on next page

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 163

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Knowledge sign-off sheet

Unit B23 Provide Indian head massage
What you must know (continued)
164

Level 3 NVQ/SVQ Beauty

You need to understand:

Evidence type

78 why it is important to give post-treatment advice

E3
79 the benets of a course of treatment
E3
Aftercare advice for clients
80 the lifestyle factors and changes that may be required E3
to improve the effectiveness of the treatment
81 post-treatment restrictions and future treatment
E3
needs
82 products for home use that will benet the client
E3
and those to avoid and why
Tick if E3 was an online test
Date
Date
Tick if E4 was an online test
Date
Tick if cross-unit knowledge was an online test
Date
Tick if E3 was an oral/written test
Date
Tick if E4 was a written test
Date
Tick if cross-unit knowledge was an oral/written test

It is always best to take time

to ground yourself prior to
an Indian head massage
treatment. If you dont you
could take on your clients
negative energy and
feel drained.
Sarah Farrell

143_166 BTL3 B23.indd 164

26/02/13 4:33 PM

Supplementary notes
Unit B23

Indian head massage

165

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26/02/13 4:34 PM

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