CAMALIGAN 2030

INTRODUCTION

Camaligan is a fth class municipality in the province of abundant in the area, as they were made the permanent
Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2010 cen- dwelling places by these canoe makers, the place was
sus, it has a population of 22,254 people.[3] With an area
of 468.8 hectares (1,158 acres), it is the smallest municipality in Camarines Sur, but it is the densest, having 4755
persons per square kilometer, which is almost twice the
density of the Naga City.
1

Barangays

Camaligan is politically subdivided into 13 barangays.[2]

Gogon-Dugcal
Marupit
San Francisco
San Jose-San Pablo (Poblacion)
San Juan-San Ramon (Poblacion)
San Lucas (Poblacion)
San Mateo (Poblacion)
San Marcos (Poblacion)
San Roque
Santo Domingo (Poblacion)
Santo Tomas (Poblacion)
Sua-Tampac
Tarosanan
2

History

The origin of the town and its name can be traced

back to the early settlers of the place. Known as the
Canoadores (Certadores) to the early Spanish coloniz- ers
who came to the place in the early Seventeenth Cen- tury
(17th), the settlers cut timbers from nearby moun- tains
located upriver or around San Miguel bay area and made
this as their form of living. Out of these timbers they
hewed out canoes or bancas which they stored un- der
small sheds or huts. Later, when these sheds became

called CAMALIGAN from the word KAMALIG or

shed, a place where so many Kamalig are found. The
sheds served to shelter the canoe makers and protect their
boats from the natural elements. Hence, the name and
origin of the town is historically tied to the river and its
early inhabitants.

The people of Camaligan derived their socio-cultural

identity as river people from the existence of the river.
Bicol River is an important resource for irrigation and
fertilization of the land where agriculture and shing is
still considered as a major industry. The places festivals,
songs and dances found their roots and inspiration from
the river. Hence, it could be said that the river ecology
has bred its own distinct community.

The original settlement was considered a religious visita

of Nueva Caceres, which was then under its ecclesiastical jurisdiction. On the 5th of June 1775, a petition
to the Spanish religious authorities was sent by the
natives and signed by the supposedly ocials of the 3 Demographics
place, to re- quest for a resident curate. The ocials
names were: Andre Casa, Diego, Lobao, Simeon de la Educational institutions
Cruz, Manuel del Espiritu Santo, Fernando Valenzuela,
Agustin del Es- piritu Santo, Marcos David, Domingo
Camaligan National High School
Flores, Pedro Ne- gre, Bartolome Rodriguez and
Valentine de los Santos.
Camaligan Central School
The ocial establishment of the municipality is in year
Sua Elementary School
1902 through an act of the Philippine legislature. It
also named Pedro Bustamante as the rst (1st) Munici Dugcal Elementary School
pal Mayor. This event of the creation of the
Municipality of Camaligan was brought about by a
San Roque Elementary School
historical fact when Camaligan was eventually separated
from being as annex town to Nueva Caceres now Naga
Marupit Elementary School
City.
San Francisco-Tarosanan Elementary School

OBJECTIVES:

Protect & Save the Rivers. Do not let your sewer drain into the river.
Build your riverbank protection with a built-in gutter system. Reforest within Ten Years

As of the year 2013, the Philippine rivers continue to be the #1 sewer system in the Philippines.
The government from the barangay level to the Regional level has embarked on several yearly projects to clean
the river. These projects in most instances have served more as political campaign and ego enhancement for
government officials to boost their careers.

There is one fact that everybody knows from young children to old men and women; Nature cleans itself. Yes it
does. In the case of the Philippines, mother natures tries very hard. We all know that every year during the rainy
season the floods cleanses the river systems of the Philippines. This is a yearly purge that Mother nature does.
But it does not stay clean for long.
The political leaders and top-notch government officials, usually right before the rainy season comes along (last
week of April), will go on a campaign to clean the rivers. Plenty of volunteers, clubs, associations will be
involved. There will be lots of picture taking and publication. They will do some work knowing full well that
Mother Nature will be right behind to clean-up the rest. The rainy season in the Philippines starts in May.
This effort by the government to clean the the rivers in a way is "good". But it is also bad because it only shows
the people that it is OK to pollute, because we, the government will be there to clean up after you. More effort
should be put into the campaign for education and enforcement of the law.
The efforts of these leaders are good and all mean well, but they do not solve the problem. Because right after
the clean-up efforts the people (including some of those who volunteered) go back to their old bad habits of
throwing their garbage in the river and flushing their sewers into the gutters that empty into the Rivers. This
continues on and on and on. Then the following year the government officials campaign again to clean the rivers
and the cycle repeats itself.
When will they ever learn.

Degraded ecosystem along the Bicol River will be rehabilitated and restored
Improved agricultural and fishery productions using organic farming system and other
environmental best practices.
Elevated population of priority native aquatic species

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Most developed countries spend millions of dollars in their sewer filtration systems. The Philippine Government
is fully aware of what is going on. They create the laws to "protect" the environment. The implementation of
these laws in now a different story.
Here are some of the laws for you to look at:

REPUBLIC ACT No. 1383

AN ACT CREATING A PUBLIC CORPORATION TO BE KNOWN AS THE NATIONAL
WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE AUTHORITY.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 3597

AN ACT AMENDING CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED THIRTEEN
HUNDRED EIGHTY-THREE, ENTITLED "AN ACT CREATING A PUBLIC CORPORATION TO BE
KNOWN AS THE NATIONAL WATERWORKS AND SEWERAGE AUTHORITY"

Republic Act No. 9275

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES

III. MATERIALS AND METHODS

Solution to the Sewer System and Salvation of the Water Systems of the Philippines.
There is a law in the Philippines that protect the river banks
DENR Administrative Order No. 97-05: In the interest of the service and in order to promote ecological balance
and protection of the environment, the provisions of R.A. No. 1273, P.D. No. 705 (as amended ) and P.D. No.
1067 shall be strictly implemented.

The Solution to the problem:

1. Building Codes:
1. Apartments, condominiums, commercial buildings, subdivisions must have a septic system with
leach lines. If leach lines are not possible then the septics must be drained to a common area for
processing. The lines must never be drained into the sewer system of the city, unless the city
has a sewer rehabilitation pond already in operation.
2. The contractors or developers must come up with a plan that addresses the problem of sewer and
septic before the city/municipality can grant him/her the permit.
3. If the development is in an area where the city/municipality does not have a sewer system in
line, the developers must come up with a plan that will include the creation of a receiving pond
to treat the sewer and septic drainage.

2. Polluted Rivers in urban and partially urban areas:

Most rivers in urban areas already have their river banks cemented (riprap) to protect the buildings that are
built next to it. Most of these buildings if not all have their sewer systems drain right into the river. This
is already an accepted practice in the Philippines. But there is a cure for this.
How to correct the River Sewer System
1. Install culverts within the "riprap" of the riverbanks or beside it. The culverts will be the main gutter
system of the community. The community's sewer will flow into this gutter system which will empty out
down river into a designated pond for treatment and then later released back to the sea or used for
irrigation.
2. Install an open gutter alongside the "riprap". The sewer of the community will be drained into this open
gutter alongside the riprap and since it follows the flowing level of the river the sewage will flow very
easily.
Actually this open gutter system will work much better since it will be easier to maintain and cost less to
build.
This is just an example:

1. Many communities in the Philippines already have a built in gutter system and most of them drain into
the nearby river, lake or sea. For those that drain their gutters into the rivers, option #2 will be a quick
solution.
2. The task to build this new system will start from the main river source and build it slowly down river. In
order for this system to start, the barangay leaders must meet and approve this project at the barangay
level. The approval must be first, then the funding will come. The barangay must pass a resolution to
have such a project. The money may not come immediately from the top level authorities but it will in
the future. The money will never come if the project initiative is not approved first at the barangay level.
3. For those barangays whose rivers are already too polluted, it is not too late. Actually it is never too late.
For those barangays whose rivers are still pristine and clean, keep it that way. If your leaders do not take
the precaution to protect your rivers, it will be just a matter of time when your rivers will also be
polluted.
4. Start this campaign with the youth. Contact your Barangay SK Chairman. From there your SK Chairman
can contact the SK Federation President. This way your municipality/city will be aware of your
endeavor. Then all the barangays in the municipality/city can follow your quest.
To whoever is reading this, approach your barangay leaders and talk to them about this project. The
"naysayers" will always tell you that the City or Municipality must first look into this situation. Do not
depend on the city/municipality planners to act for your barangay's behalf. The initiative must first come
from the barangay level. You must create the NEED. Once the NEED is there, the big-wigs government
officials will start to listen, then funding will come.
A. Ecosystem Management
The disturbed surface areas along the bicol river embankment will be planted with native
grasses and fast growing native plants such as anabiong (Trema orientalis), malubago
(Hisbiscus tiliaceus), anislag (Securinega flexuosa), alim (Melanolepis multiglandulosa),
hagimit (Ficus minahasse), and Hawili (Ficus variegate) among others. Planted trees will
eventually serve as habitat for faunas and will provide economic benefits to the local
communities in the long run.
Bamboo barriers will be constructed, this will slow down water current that will pass

through the barriers, and will give chance for the sediments to settle down along the river
bank. Also, planting of aquatic native plant species such as water hyacinth along the
barriers will absorbed pollutants and will also serve as breeding ground for various fishes
species in the area. Through time when the water hyacinths reach its maturity it will be
removed/harvested to rid off the absorbed pollutants.
Community volunteer will also be organized to look over and maintain the established
bamboo barriers and planted trees. This will also assure the sustainability of the project.
Improvement of solid waste management will also be prioritized clean up and other alike
activities will be implemented.
B. IEC
The technical staff of EDMERO will conduct training and seminars regarding RA 9003
also known as the Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, Disaster preparedness and
Climate Change. This will basically enhanced the knowledge and level of awareness of
the communities living along the Bicol River. The EDMERO will provide materials
necessary in the information dissemination such as brochures or pamphlets. Though,
assistance from the concerned LGUs such as man power might be requested.
C. Enterprise Development
Handicrafts will be a viable choice for livelihood. Water hyacinth that will be planted
along the barriers will be harvested and converted into various handicrafts such as bag,
matt, holder etc. The livelihood training/s will be given to those affected communities.
The dredging operations shall also support hollow blocks making and other sand and
gravel business in the area. Only the heavily silted areas shall be scheduled for dredging
so as not to disrupt ecological balance along the Bicol River.
River Fishway Assessments
A subsequent sampling program will determine whether constructed fishways are allowing passage
of a full range of size classes and species of fish, reducing accumulations of fish downstream of the barrier
and contributing to positive changes in the abundance and diversity of native fish in the river. Fish are
collected using boat electrofishing and large individuals of key species such as cod, golden perch and carp
are tagged and then released after being identified and measured.
Samples of fish communities are being taken both before and after fishway construction and will be
combined with a micro-chipping project to determine whether fish are successfully negotiating any
fishways that are constructed. Fishway optimisation tests will also be performed that will determine
whether modifications can be made to future fishway installations to make them more efficient.

Sample of fish harvesting.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Physical changes
At the height of project implementation, the streets beside the river were cleaner. Residents participated in the
clean-up; practiced waste segregation and wastes weredisposed in designated garbage bins. Thecleanliness of the
neighborhood wasmaintained for about three months but not for long. Old habits refused to die; someresidents
began dumping mixed wastes in vacant lots, main roads and creeks.Stallholders in the public market stopped
practicing waste segregation as observed by weekly collection in the pick up points. Others burned wastes in
their backyard.

Institutional impact
The coordination of the barangay LGU with local government agencies improved. The DENR and other
organizations conducted seminars regarding the maintenance and development of the said projects.
Community impact
People in the community will gain income due to the production of fish farms. The municipality will be
beautified, riverside parks will be implemented and the river itself will become a tourist attraction. Stalls and
other commercial spaces will grow along with the project producing greater income and economic growth to the
municipality. Sewage and drainage systems will more developed and properly installed.

V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Sewer or Water Filtration System

Sewage collection and treatment is typically subject to local, state and federal regulations and standards.
Treating wastewater has the aim to produce an effluent that will do as little harm as possible when
discharged to the surrounding environment, thereby preventing pollutioncompared to releasing untreated
wastewater into the environment.
It is recommended to undergo the sewage system to its three stages, called primary, secondary and
tertiary treatment.
Primary treatment consists of temporarily holding the sewage in a quiescent basin where heavy solids
can settle to the bottom while oil, grease and lighter solids float to the surface. The settled and floating
materials are removed and the remaining liquid may be discharged or subjected to secondary treatment.
Some sewage treatment plants that are connected to a combined sewer system have a bypass
arrangement after the primary treatment unit. This means that during very heavy rainfall events, the
secondary and tertiary treatment systems can be bypassed to protect them from hydraulic overloading,
and the mixture of sewage and stormwater only receives primary treatment.
Secondary treatment removes dissolved and suspended biological matter. Secondary treatment is
typically performed by indigenous, water-borne micro-organisms in a managed habitat. Secondary
treatment may require a separation process to remove the micro-organisms from the treated water prior
to discharge or tertiary treatment.
Tertiary treatment is sometimes defined as anything more than primary and secondary treatment in order
to allow rejection into a highly sensitive or fragile ecosystem (estuaries, low-flow rivers, coral reefs,...).
Treated water is sometimes disinfected chemically or physically (for example, by lagoons
and microfiltration) prior to discharge into a stream, river, bay, lagoon or wetland, or it can be used for
the irrigation of a golf course, green way or park. If it is sufficiently clean, it can also be used
for groundwater recharge or agricultural purposes.

Simplified process flow diagram for a typical large-scale treatment plant

Process flow diagram for a typical treatment plant via subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCW)

Fish farming
Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture.
It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.
A facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species'
natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery.
Fish species raised by fish farms include salmon, catfish, tilapia, cod and others.
Basically, there are two kinds of aquaculture: extensive aquaculture based on local photosynthetical
production and intensive aquaculture, in which the fishes are fed with external food supply.
Continous fish production will gave economic growth to the municipality. It is advisable to have a
regularly check and upgrading of facilities.

Rehabilitation of the river and riversides

The overall objective of the rehabilitation is to improve environmental management particularly with
waste-water management and urban renewal to keep flood waters out during rainy season to prevent
major areas of the city from flooding; this is coming under great controversy as the people living around
Bicol River would have to deal with flooding.

VI. REFERENCES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rehabilitation_of_the_Pasig_River
http://www.zamboanga.com/z/index.php?
title=Sewer_Systems_of_the_Philippines#Solution_to_the_Sewer_System_and_Salvation_of_the_
Water_Systems_of_the_Philippines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_treatment
http://www.finterest.com.au/natives-and-introduced/carp-harvesting-and-disposal-at-murrayriver-fishways/
http://www.slideshare.net/jackryan68/sustainable-social-and-economic-development-ideas-forbusiness-investment-revitalization-and-tourism-promotion-in-naga-city