Aluminium Mullion Analysiss

SECTION C-1
UNITIZED SYSTEM MULLION AT TYPICAL ZONE

BS EN 1999 - 1 - 1 : 2007 Eurocode 9 - Design of Aluminum Structures : General Structural Rules
C-1.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS
LY
ON
LE
MP
SA
Drawing Number: MBH-FIB-AR-DDR-00-FA-8013

Lm := 3800.00mm Unsupported length of mullion
Lem := 0.20 ( 3165.00mm) = 633.00 mm Laterally unsupported length of mullion

Note: Anti-buckling clips are located at every 1/5 points
a := 170.00mm Location of support from expansion joint
tl := 1300.00mm Panel width at left of mullion
tr := 1300.00mm Panel width at right of mullion
tw := 0.5 tl + 0.5 tr = 1300.00 mm Tributary width of mullion

C-1.2 PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM MULLION
Reference: Design criteria
Alloy  "6063" Aluminum alloy
Temper  "T6" Aluminum temper
Ea := 70000MPa Modulus of elasticity

Referenc e: Section 3.2.5 of BS EN 1999-1-1: 2007
fo = 160.00 MPa Characteristic value of 0.2% proof strength

Referenc e: Table 3.2b of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
fu = 195.00 MPa Characteristic value of ultimate tensile strength
LY
Referenc e: Table 3.2b of BS EN 1999-1-1: 2007
C-1.3 SECTION PROPERTIES OF MALE MULLION
Area: 1427.69
ON
Perimeter: 1035.77
Bounding box: X: -51.87 -- 16.53
Y: -89.05 -- 85.95
Centroid: X: 0.00
Y: 0.00
Moments of inertia: X: 4982134.26
Y: 391441.08
Product of inertia: XY: 126106.68
LE
Radii of gyration: X: 59.07
Y: 16.56
Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid:
I: 4985595.81 along [1.00 0.03]
J: 387979.53 along [-0.03 1.00]
MP
2
Am := 1427.69mm Cross section area
4
Ixm := 498.21cm Moment of inertia about the strong axis
SA
4
Iym := 39.14cm Moment of inertia about the weak axis
cym := 89.05mm Distance of extreme fiber from strong axis
cxm := 51.87mm Distance of extreme fiber from weak axis
Ixm
3
Wel.xm := = 55.95 cm Elastic section modulus about the strong axis
cym
Iym
3
Wel.ym := = 7.55 cm Elastic section modulus about the weak axis
cxm
r ym := 16.56mm Radius of gyration about the weak axis

Area: 713.85
Plastic neutral axis
Area: 713.85
LY
cy1m := 44.38mm
cy2m := 60.47mm
ON
Lower region centroid distance from plastic neutral axis
Upper region centroid distance from plastic neutral axis

LE
2
0.50 Am = 713.85 mm Half cross section area of mullion
( ) 3
Wpl.xm := 0.5 Am cy1m + cy2m = 74.85 cm Plastic section modulus about the strong axis
C-1.4 SECTION PROPERTIES OF FEMALE MULLION

MP
Area: 1476.54
Perimeter: 981.46
Bounding box: X: -14.08 -- 28.42
Y: -88.11 -- 86.89
SA
Centroid: X: 0.00
Y: 0.00
Y: 214517.33
Y: 12.05
I: 5261126.28 along [1.00 0.01]
J: 214017.74 along [-0.01 1.00]
2
Af := 1476.54mm Cross section area
4
Ixf := 526.06cm Moment of inertia about the strong axis
4
Iyf := 21.45cm Moment of inertia about the weak axis
cyf := 88.11mm Distance of extreme fiber from strong axis
cxf := 28.42mm Distance of extreme fiber from weak axis
LY
Ixf
3
Wel.xf := = 59.70 cm Elastic section modulus about the strong axis
cyf
Iyf
3
Wel.yf := = 7.55 cm Elastic section modulus about the weak axis
cxf
r yf := 12.05mm
ON
Radius of gyration about the weak axis
LE
MP
Area: 738.27
Area: 738.27
SA
cy1f := 62.13mm Lower region centroid distance from plastic neutral axis
cy2f := 44.24mm Upper region centroid distance from plastic neutral axis
2
0.50 Af = 738.27 mm Half cross section area of mullion
( ) 3
Wpl.xf := 0.5 Af cy1f + cy2f = 78.53 cm Plastic section modulus
C-1.5 COMBINED SECTION PROPERTIES OF UNITIZED MULLION
2
At := Am + Af = 2904.23 mm Total cross section area
4
Itx := Ixm + Ixf = 1024.27 cm Total moment of inertia about the strong axis
4
Ity := Iym + Iyf = 60.59  cm Total moment of inertia about the weak axis
Ixm
LSxm := = 0.49 Load share factor for male mullion
Itx
LY
Ixf
LSxf := = 0.51 Load share factor for female mullion
Itx
C-1.6 MOMENT RESISTANCE FOR LOCAL BUCKLING
ON
250MPa
εm := = 1.25 Slenderness limit coefficient for moment resistance
fo Referenc e: Table 6.2 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
γM1 := 1.10 Partial safety factor for ultimate limit state

Referenc e: Table 6.1 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
γM2 := 1.25 Partial safety factor for ultimate limit state

Referenc e: Table 6.1 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
LE
Limiting Slenderness Ratio
Referenc e: Table 6.2 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-3)
β1i := 11ε m = 13.75 Limit for internal element class 1 section
β2i := 16ε m = 20.00 Limit for internal element class 2 section

MP
β3i := 22 ε m = 27.50 Limit for internal element class 3 section
β1o := 3ε m = 3.75 Limit for outstand element class 1 section
β2o := 4.5ε m = 5.63 Limit for outstand element class 2 section

SA
β3o := 6ε m = 7.50 Limit for outstand element class 3 section
C-1.6.1 Local Buckling Resistance of Male Mullion about the Strong Axis
NOTE:
No. = element number
Type = "O" for outstand, "I" for internal
Stress = "C" for uniform compression, "F" for stress gradient
b = length of element
t = thickness of element
yc = extreme fiber of element under compression (for element under stress gradient)
yo = other extreme fiber of element (for element under stress gradient)
η = stress gradient coefficient (Figure 6.2 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007)
β = slenderness ratio of element (ηb/t)
Slenderness Ratio of Male Mullion Elements (Strong Axis Bending)
Referenc e: Section 6.1.4.3 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-3)
No. Type Stress b t yo yc yo / yc η β

1 O C 25.70 2.50 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 10.28
2 O C 21.40 3.90 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 5.49
3 I C 11.40 3.90 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 2.92
4 O C 33.00 2.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 16.50
5 I C 12.80 2.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 6.40
6 I C 11.40 2.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 5.70
7 I C 22.80 5.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 4.56
8 I F 111.30 3.00 29.25 -82.05 -0.36 0.59 21.89
LY
9 I F 107.30 2.20 27.25 -80.05 -0.34 0.59 28.78
10 I F 43.00 3.00 -31.25 -74.25 0.42 0.83 11.90
11 I F 41.00 2.00 -33.25 -74.75 0.44 0.83 17.02
Element's Designation
ON
2
1
3 8
9
LE
4 5
MP
10
11
7
SA
Male Mullion Elements Classification (Strong Axis Bending)

No. Type β β1 β2 β3 Class

1 O 10.28 3.75 5.63 7.50 4
2 O 5.49 3.75 5.63 7.50 2
3 I 2.92 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
4 O 16.50 3.75 5.63 7.50 4
5 I 6.40 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
6 I 5.70 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
7 I 4.56 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
8 I 21.89 13.75 20.00 27.50 3
9 I 28.78 13.75 20.00 27.50 4
10 I 11.90 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
11 I 17.02 13.75 20.00 27.50 2
Male Mullion Class 4 Elements Effective Thickness (Strong Axis Bending)
Referenc e: Section 6.1.5 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-3)
No. Type t β Class C1 C2 ρc t eff

1 O 2.50 10.28 4 10 24 0.86 2.15
2 O 3.90 5.49 2 10 24 1.00 3.90
3 I 3.90 2.92 1 32 220 1.00 3.90
4 O 2.00 16.50 4 10 24 0.62 1.24
5 I 2.00 6.40 1 32 220 1.00 2.00
6 I 2.00 5.70 1 32 220 1.00 2.00
7 I 5.00 4.56 1 32 220 1.00 5.00
8 I 3.00 21.89 3 32 220 1.00 3.00
LY
9 I 2.20 28.78 4 32 220 0.97 2.14
10 I 3.00 11.90 1 32 220 1.00 3.00
11 I 2.00 17.02 2 32 220 1.00 2.00
Effective Section Properties of Male Mullion
Area:
Perimeter:
Bounding box:
Centroid:
1385.35
ON
1035.89
X: -52.77 -- 15.63
Y: -89.01 -- 85.99
X: 0.00
Y: 0.00
LE
Y: 341906.45
Y: 15.71
I: 4893921.97 along [1.00 0.03]
MP
J: 338351.13 along [-0.03 1.00]
4
Ixm.eff := 489.04cm Moment of inertia about strong axis of effective section
SA
4
Iym.eff := 34.16cm Moment of inertia about weak axis of effective section
cym.eff := 89.01mm Extreme fiber distance of effective section
Ixm.eff
3
Weff.xm := = 54.94  cm Effective elastic section modulus about strong axis
cym.eff
Moment Resistance of Male Mullion due to Local buckling (Strong Axis Bending)
Weff.xm  fo
Mu.Rdm := = 7.99 kN m Moment resistance for local buckling
γM1
C-1.6.2 Local Buckling Resistance of Female Mullion about the Strong Axis
NOTE:
No. = element number
Type = "O" for outstand, "I" for internal
Stress = "C" for uniform compression, "F" for stress gradient
b = length of element
t = thickness of element
yc = extreme fiber of element under compression (for element under stress gradient)
yo = other extreme fiber of element (for element under stress gradient)
η = stress gradient coefficient (Figure 6.2 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007)
β = slenderness ratio of element (ηb/t)
LY
Slenderness Ratio of Female Mullion Elements (Strong Axis Bending)
No. Type Stress b t yo yc yo / yc η β

1 I C 11.40 5.90 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 1.93
2 O C 25.40 5.90 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 4.31
ON
3 I C 11.40 2.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 5.70
4 I C 14.30 2.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 7.15
5 I C 22.80 5.00 N/A N/A N/A 1.00 4.56
6 I F 112.30 3.00 32.36 -79.94 -0.40 0.58 21.71
7 I F 111.30 2.20 31.86 -79.44 -0.40 0.58 29.34
8 I F 40.00 3.00 -34.36 -74.36 0.46 0.83 11.07
9 I F 37.30 2.00 -37.06 -74.36 0.50 0.85 15.85
Element's Designation
LE
1 2
6
MP
7
SA
3 4 8
5
Male Mullion Elements Classification (Strong Axis Bending)
No. Type β β1 β2 β3 Class

1 I 1.93 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
2 O 4.31 3.75 5.63 7.50 2
3 I 5.70 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
4 I 7.15 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
5 I 4.56 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
6 I 21.71 13.75 20.00 27.50 3
7 I 29.34 13.75 20.00 27.50 4
8 I 11.07 13.75 20.00 27.50 1
LY
9 I 15.85 13.75 20.00 27.50 2
Male Mullion Class 4 Elements Effective Thickness (Strong Axis Bending)

Referenc e: Section 6.1.5 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-3)
No. Type t β Class C1 C2 ρc t eff
ON
1 I 5.90 1.93 1 32 220 1.00 5.90
2 O 5.90 4.31 2 10 24 1.00 5.90
3 I 2.00 5.70 1 32 220 1.00 2.00
4 I 2.00 7.15 1 32 220 1.00 2.00
5 I 5.00 4.56 1 32 220 1.00 5.00
6 I 3.00 21.71 3 32 220 1.00 3.00
7 I 2.20 29.34 4 32 220 0.96 2.12
8 I 3.00 11.07 1 32 220 1.00 3.00
9 I 2.00 15.85 2 32 220 1.00 2.00
LE
Effective Section Properties of Female Mullion
Area: 1372.24
Perimeter: 947.43
MP
Bounding box: X: -13.48 -- 32.52

Y: -89.00 -- 85.99
Centroid: X: 0.00
Y: 0.00
Y: 206371.18
SA

Y: 12.26
I: 4931899.56 along [1.00 0.00]
J: 206312.53 along [0.00 1.00]
4
Ixf.eff := 493.18cm Moment of inertia about strong axis of effective section
4
Iyf.eff := 20.64cm Moment of inertia about weak axis of effective section
cyf.eff := 89.00mm Extreme fiber distance of effective section

Ixf.eff
3
Weff.xf := = 55.41  cm Effective elastic section modulus about strong axis
cyf.eff
Moment Resistance of Female Mullion due to Local buckling (Strong Axis Bending)
Weff.xf fo
Mu.Rdf := = 8.06 kN m Moment resistance for local buckling
γM1
LY
C-1.7 MOMENT RESISTANCE FOR LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING
Reference: Section 4.5.6 of BS 8118-1:1991

Note: BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 has no provision for elastic critical moment of unsymmetrical section which is necessary for
lateral-torsional buckling analysis. Thus, conservative approach of BS 8118-1:1991 was used (not applying elastic critical
moment), see Appendix B-5
ON
C-1.7.1 Lateral Torsional Buckling Resistance of Male Mullion
γm := 1.20 Material factor for aluminum

Referenc e: Table 3.3 of BS8118-1:1991
Lem
λsm := = 38.22 Lateral torsional buckling slenderness
r ym
LE
γm Mu.Rdm
p1m := = 171.41 MPa Intercept stress
Wel.xm
λsm p1m
λam :=  = 0.60 Buckling stress parameters
MP
π Ea Referenc e: Appendix K of BS8118-1:1991
λ1s := 0.60
cas := 0.10
 1 - cas λ1s 
SA
cas
φm := 0.50  1 + +  = 1.88
 λam
λam
2 
 
 1 
Nam := φm  1 - 1-  = 1.00
 2
λam  φm
2
 
psm := Nam p1m = 171.35 MPa Buckling stress
Wel.xm psm
Mb.Rdm := = 7.99 kN m Factored moment resistance to lateral torsional buckling
γm
C-1.7.2 Lateral Torsional Buckling Resistance of Female Mullion
γm = 1.20 Material factor for aluminum

Referenc e: Table 3.3 of BS8118-1:1991
Lem
λsf := = 52.53 Lateral torsional buckling slenderness
r yf
γm Mu.Rdf
p1f := = 162.00 MPa Intercept stress
Wel.xf
LY
λsf p1f
λaf :=  = 0.80 Buckling stress parameters
π Ea Referenc e: Appendix K of BS8118-1:1991
λ1s = 0.60
cas = 0.10

φf := 0.50   1 +


cas
λaf
+
1 - cas λ1s 
λaf
2
 = 1.29


ON
LE
 1 
Naf := φf  1 - 1-  = 0.95
 2 2
λaf  φf
 
psf := Naf p1f = 153.84 MPa Buckling stress

MP
Wel.xf psf
Mb.Rdf := = 7.65  kN m Factored moment resistance to lateral torsional buckling
γm
C-1.8 GOVERNING MOMENT RESISTANCE OF MULLION

SA
(
MRdm := min Mu.Rdm , Mb.Rdm = 7.99 kN m ) Governing moment resistance of male mullion
(
MRdf := min Mu.Rdf , Mb.Rdf = 7.65 kN m ) Governing moment resistance of female mullion
C-1.9 SHEAR RESISTANCE OF MULLION

Reference: Section 6.2.6 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-3)
εm = 1.25 Slenderness limit coefficient
βs := 39 εm = 48.75 Shear slenderness limit

C-1.9.1 Male Mullion Shear Resistance
Elementm := 9 Element number considered
hwm := 107.3mm Depth of web
twm := 2.20mm Thickness of web
hwm
βvm := = 48.77 Slenderness ratio of web
twm
LY
Classm := "Non-slender" if βvm  βs Web classification
"Slender" otherwise
Classm = "Slender"
ON
fo
λwm := 0.35  βvm = 0.82 Slenderness parameter
Ea Referenc e: Section 6.7.4.1 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
ρvm := 1.00 Shear buckling factor

Referenc e: Figure 6.28 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
ρvm hwm twm fo

VRdm := = 19.82  kN Shear resistance
3 γM1 Referenc e: Section 6.7.4.1 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
LE
C-1.9.2 Female Mullion Shear Resistance
Elementf := 9 Element number considered

MP
hwf := 111.30mm Depth of web
twf := 2.20mm Thickness of web
hwf
βvf := = 50.59 Slenderness ratio of web
twf
SA
Classf := "Non-slender" if βvf  βs Web classification
"Slender" otherwise
Classf = "Slender"
fo
λwf := 0.35 βvf = 0.85 Slenderness parameter
Ea Referenc e: Section 6.7.4.1 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
ρvf := 0.98 Shear buckling factor

Referenc e: Figure 6.28 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
ρvf hwf twf fo

VRdf := = 20.15 kN Shear resistance
3 γM1 Referenc e: Section 6.7.4.1 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007
C-1.10 TENSION RESISTANCE OF MULLION
Reference: Section 6.2.3 of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-4)
Am fo
NRdm := = 207.66 kN Tension resistance of male mullion
γM1
Af fo
NRdf := = 214.77 kN Tension resistance of female mullion
γM1
C-1.11 APPLIED LOADS
LY
Load Factor for Ultimate Limit States - Static Equilibrium
Referenc e: Table A1.2 (A) of BS EN 1999-1-1:2007 (see Appendix B-6)
γG.j.sup := 1.35 Load factor for unfavorable permanent actions
ON
γG.j.inf := 0.90 Load factor for favorable permanent actions
γQ := 1.50 Load factor for variable actions
Wind Load
q := 4.50kPa Design wind pressure

Referenc e: Wind Tunnel Test (see Appendix C)
LE
N
wwl := q tw = 5.85 Uniformly distributed load due to wind load
mm
Dead Load
Note: Dead load of transom and other component are applied in STAAD analysis, increasing self-weight by 10%
MP
kg kN
γg := 2500  g = 24.52  Unit weight of glass
3 3
m m
tg := 12.00mm + 6.00mm = 18.00  mm Glass thickness

Referenc e: Section B-1
N
SA
wdl := tg tw γg = 0.57 Dead load due to glass

mm
Load Combination
LCs = DL + WL Load combination for serviceability design
LCu = 1.35DL + 1.5WL Load combination for limit state design

C-1.12 DESIGN CHECK
LY
ON
LE
MP
Moment diagram Shear diagram Axial diagram

NOTE: See Appendix D-1 for full analysis report
C-1.12.1 Design Check for Bending Moment

SA
Mmax := 13.10kN m Maximum ultimate bending moment
Male Mullion Bending Moment Check
Mmax.m := LSxm Mmax = 6.37  kN m Maximum ultimate moment shared by male mullion
MRdm = 7.99 kN m Governing moment resistance of male mullion

Referenc e: Section C-1.8
Comparing:
6.37 < 7.99
Since the maximum ultimate moment is less than the moment resistance,
Thus, the male mullion is adequate in bendig moment.
Female Mullion Bending Moment Check
Mmax.f := LSxf Mmax = 6.73  kN m Maximum ultimate moment shared by female mullion
MRdf = 7.65 kN m Governing moment resistance of female mullion

Comparing:
6.73 < 7.65
Since the maximum ultimate moment is less than the moment resistance,
Thus, the female mullion is adequate in bendig moment.
LY
C-1.12.3 Design Check for Shear
Vmax := 16.67kN Maximum ultimate shear
Male Mullion Shear Check
ON
Vmax.m := LSxm Vmax = 8.11  kN Maximum ultimate shear shared by male mullion
VRdm = 19.82 kN Shear resistance of male mullion

Referenc e: Section C-1.9.1
Comparing:
8.11 < 19.82
Since the maximum ultimate shear is less than the shear resistance,
Thus, the male mullion is adequate in shear.
LE
Female Mullion Bending Moment Check
Vmax.f := LSxf Vmax = 8.56  kN Maximum ultimate shear shared by female mullion
MP
VRdf = 20.15  kN Tension resistance of female mullion

Referenc e: Section C-1.9.2
Comparing:
8.56 < 20.15
Since the maximum ultimate shear is less than the shear resistance,
Thus, the female mullion is adequate in shear.
C-1.12.3 Design Check for Tension

SA
Nmax := 3.17kN Maximum ultimate tension
Male Mullion Tension Check
Nmax.m := LSxm Nmax = 1.54 kN Maximum ultimate tension shared by male mullion
NRdm = 207.66 kN Tension resistance of male mullion

Comparing:
1.54 < 207.66
Since the maximum ultimate tension is less than the tension resistance,
Thus, the male mullion is adequate in tension.
Female Mullion Tension Check
Nmax.f := LSxf Nmax = 1.63 kN Maximum ultimate tension shared by female mullion
NRdf = 214.77 kN Tension resistance of female mullion

Comparing:
1.63 < 214.77
Since the maximum ultimate tension is less than the tension resistance,
Thus, the female mullion is adequate in tension.
C-1.13 DEFLECTION
LY
Deflection Diagram
NOTE: See Appendix D-1 for full analysis report
ON
LE
MP
SA
δmax := 16.52mm Maximum deflection
Lm = 3.80 m Unsupported length of mullion
Lm
δallow := + 5mm = 17.67  mm Allowable deflection of mullion
300 Referenc e: Design crit eria
Comparing:
16.52 < 17.67
Since the maximum deflection is less than the allowable deflection,
Thus, the mullion is adequate in deflection.
Job No Sheet No Rev
APPENDIX D-1 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF 1
UNITIZED MULLION Part
Software licensed to HP
Job Title UNITIZED MULLION Ref
By WLS Date26-OCT-17 Chd
Client File UNITIZED MULLION.std Date/Time 26-Oct-2017 22:27
Job Information
Engineer Checked Approved
Name: WLS
Date: 26-OCT-17
LY
Structure Type SPACE FRAME
Number of Nodes 10 Highest Node 30

Number of Elements 9 Highest Beam 28
Number of Basic Load Cases 2
ON
Number of Combination Load Cases 2
Included in this printout are data for:

All The Whole Structure
Included in this printout are results for load cases:

Type L/C Name
Primary 1 DL
LE
Primary 2 WL
Combination 3 DL+WL
Combination 4 1.35DL+1.5WL
MP
3630.00mm
170.00mm
3630.00mm
170.00mm
3630.00mm
SA
170.00mm
3630.00mm
170.00mm
3630.00mm
Y
X
Z Load 1
DIMENSIONS
Print Time/Date: 26/10/2017 22:30 STAAD.Pro for Windows 20.07.04.12 Print Run 1 of 8
Job No Sheet No Rev
2
Part
R1
R1
LY
R1
R1
R1
R1
ON
R1
R1
R1
Y
X
Z Load 1
PROPERTIES
LE
Section Properties
Prop Section Area Iyy Izz J Material
(cm2) (cm4) (cm4) (cm4)
1 Prismatic General 29.042 60.590 1.02E+3 1.000 ALUMINUM
MP
-0.570 kN/m
-0.570
-0.570 kN/m
kN/m
SA
-0.570
-0.570 kN/m
kN/m
-0.570
-0.570 kN/m
kN/m
-0.570
-0.570 kN/m
kN/m
Y
X
Z Load 1
DEAD LOAD
Job No Sheet No Rev
3
Part
5.850 kN/m
5.850
5.850 kN/m
kN/m
LY
5.850
5.850 kN/m
kN/m
5.850
5.850 kN/m
ON
kN/m
5.850
5.850 kN/m
kN/m
Y
X
Z Load 2
WIND LOAD
LE
Basic Load Cases
Number Name
1 DL
2 WL
MP
Combination Load Cases

Comb. Combination L/C Name Primary Primary L/C Name Factor
3 DL+WL 1 DL 1.00
2 WL 1.00
SA
4 1.35DL+1.5WL 1 DL 1.35
2 WL 1.50
Job No Sheet No Rev
4
Part
Max: 14.45 kNm
LY
Max: -2.83 kNm
Max: 13.04 kNm
Max: -2.70 kNm
ON
Max: 13.10 kNm
Max: -2.71 kNm
Max: 13.10 kNm
Max: -2.71 kNm
Max: 13.10 kNm

Y
LE
X Load 4Bending
: Z
Z Moment - kNm
MOMENT DIAGRAM (1.35DL+1.5WL)

MP
SA
Job No Sheet No Rev
5
Part
Max: -15.93 kN
LY
Max: 17.42 kN
Max: -16.71 kN
Max: 16.64 kN
Max: -16.67 kN
Max: -16.67 kN
ON
Max: 16.67 kN
Max: 16.67 kN
Max: -16.67 kN
Y
LE
X Load 4 : Shear Y
Z Force - kN
SHEAR DIAGRAM (1.35DL+1.5WL)

MP
SA
Job No Sheet No Rev
6
Part
-3.17 kN
LY
-3.17
0 kNkN
0.15 kN -3.17 kN
-3.17
0 kNkN
0.15 kN -3.17 kN
ON
-3.17
0 kNkN
0.15
-3.17
0 kNkN
0.15
kN -3.17 kN
kN -3.17 kN
Y
LE
X Load 4 : Axial Force
Z Force - kN
-3.17
0 kN kN
AXIAL DIAGRAM (1.35DL+1.5WL)

MP
SA
Job No Sheet No Rev
7
Part
Max: 17.56 mm
LY
Max: 2.13 mm
Max: 15.34 mm
Max: 2.16 mm
ON
Max: 15.45 mm
Max: 2.15 mm
Max: 15.39 mm
Max: 2.26 mm
Max: 16.52 mm
Y
LE
X Load 3 : Displacement
Z Displacement - mm
DEFLECTION (DL+WL)
MP
SA
Job No Sheet No Rev
8
Part
X = -10.62 kN
Y = 2.35 kN
Z = 0.00 kN
MX = FREE
MY = 0.00 kNm
MZ = FREE
X = -22.75 kN
Y = 2.46 kN
Z = 0.00 kN
MX = FREE
LY
MY = 0.00 kNm
MZ = FREE
X = -22.21 kN
Y = 2.46 kN
Z = 0.00 kN
MX = FREE
MY = 0.00 kNm
MZ = FREE
X = -22.23 kN
Y = 2.46 kN
ON
Z = 0.00 kN
MX = FREE
MY = 0.00 kNm
MZ = FREE
X = -22.23 kN
Y = 2.46 kN
Z = 0.00 kN
MX = FREE
MY = 0.00 kNm
MZ = FREE
X = -10.12 kN
Y = FREE
Z = 0.00 kN
Y MX = FREE
X MY = 0.00 kNm
Z Load 3
MZ = FREE
LE
REACTIONS (DL+WL)
MP
SA

Aluminium Mullion Analysiss

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Aluminium Mullion Analysiss

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What are the design parameters considered for the unitized mullion system?

What are the design parameters considered for the unitized mullion system?

What are the material properties and section properties considered for the aluminum mullion?

What are the material properties and section properties considered for the aluminum mullion?

SECTION C-1

UNITIZED SYSTEM MULLION AT TYPICAL ZONE

C-1.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS

Drawing Number: MBH-FIB-AR-DDR-00-FA-8013

Lem := 0.20 ( 3165.00mm) = 633.00 mm Laterally unsupported length of mullion

a := 170.00mm Location of support from expansion joint

tl := 1300.00mm Panel width at left of mullion

tr := 1300.00mm Panel width at right of mullion

tw := 0.5 tl + 0.5 tr = 1300.00 mm Tributary width of mullion

Temper  "T6" Aluminum temper

Ea := 70000MPa Modulus of elasticity

fo = 160.00 MPa Characteristic value of 0.2% proof strength

fu = 195.00 MPa Characteristic value of ultimate tensile strength

C-1.3 SECTION PROPERTIES OF MALE MULLION

cym := 89.05mm Distance of extreme fiber from strong axis

cxm := 51.87mm Distance of extreme fiber from weak axis

r ym := 16.56mm Radius of gyration about the weak axis

Upper region centroid distance from plastic neutral axis

C-1.4 SECTION PROPERTIES OF FEMALE MULLION

cyf := 88.11mm Distance of extreme fiber from strong axis

cxf := 28.42mm Distance of extreme fiber from weak axis

C-1.6 MOMENT RESISTANCE FOR LOCAL BUCKLING

γM1 := 1.10 Partial safety factor for ultimate limit state

γM2 := 1.25 Partial safety factor for ultimate limit state

β1i := 11ε m = 13.75 Limit for internal element class 1 section

β2i := 16ε m = 20.00 Limit for internal element class 2 section

β3i := 22 ε m = 27.50 Limit for internal element class 3 section

β1o := 3ε m = 3.75 Limit for outstand element class 1 section

β2o := 4.5ε m = 5.63 Limit for outstand element class 2 section

β3o := 6ε m = 7.50 Limit for outstand element class 3 section

No. Type Stress b t yo yc yo / yc η β

Male Mullion Elements Classification (Strong Axis Bending)

No. Type β β1 β2 β3 Class

No. Type t β Class C1 C2 ρc t eff

Effective Section Properties of Male Mullion

J: 338351.13 along [-0.03 1.00]

cym.eff := 89.01mm Extreme fiber distance of effective section

No. Type Stress b t yo yc yo / yc η β

No. Type β β1 β2 β3 Class

Male Mullion Class 4 Elements Effective Thickness (Strong Axis Bending)

No. Type t β Class C1 C2 ρc t eff

Bounding box: X: -13.48 -- 32.52

Product of inertia: XY: 16648.15

cyf.eff := 89.00mm Extreme fiber distance of effective section

Reference: Section 4.5.6 of BS 8118-1:1991

γm := 1.20 Material factor for aluminum

π Ea Referenc e: Appendix K of BS8118-1:1991

psm := Nam p1m = 171.35 MPa Buckling stress

γm = 1.20 Material factor for aluminum

psf := Naf p1f = 153.84 MPa Buckling stress

C-1.8 GOVERNING MOMENT RESISTANCE OF MULLION

C-1.9 SHEAR RESISTANCE OF MULLION

εm = 1.25 Slenderness limit coefficient

βs := 39 εm = 48.75 Shear slenderness limit

Elementm := 9 Element number considered