MSDS
MSDS
MSDS
WELCOME TO MY PRESENTATION
Part-B
Technical Terms Used in MSDS
Part-C
Discussion
PART-A: Definition Of MSDS
Every quality software must have well organized documentation or help desk which give
all information about the software. This is also analogous to the MSDS.
Just press F 1 key in your keyboard. You will get help supplied by the software producer.
PART-A: Importance Of MSDS
Please observe the picture carefully, then you will get a quick overview about the importance of
MSDS. All necessary tools and guidelines are clearly defined in MSDS to response in an
emergency situation
PART-A: Standard Formats Of MSDS
OSHA FORMAT
ANSI FORMAT
NFPA FORMAT
HMIS FORMAT
R & S PHRASES
PART-A: OSHA Standards For MSDS
SECTION 08 :
EXPOSURE CONTROL / PERSONAL PROTECTION
PART-A: ANSI MSDS (SECTION 9 - 10 )
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed a system for indicating
the health, flammability and reactivity hazards of chemical in a diamond shaped
object called NFPA hazard rating diamond.
Fire Hazard
0 2
OX
Special Hazard
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed a system for indicating
the health, flammability and reactivity hazards of chemical in a diamond shaped
object called NFPA hazard rating diamond.
Colors represent kind of hazard
Fire Hazard • Red = fire
• Yellow = instability
• Blue
Health hazard 3 Reactivity Hazard
= health
• White = specific hazard
& personal protection
0 2
Numbers show degree of hazard
•
OX •
0 = Minimal
1 = Slight
Special Hazard • 2 = Moderate
• 3 = Serious
NFPA Hazard Rating Diamond • 4 = Severe
PART-A: NFPA HAZARD RATING
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed a system for indicating
the health, flammability and reactivity hazards of chemical in a diamond shaped
object called NFPA hazard rating diamond.
Fire Hazard
White = specific hazard
• OX = Oxidizer
Health hazard 3 Reactivity Hazard
• ACID = Acid
• ALK = Alkali
0 2
• COR = Corrosive
• W = Use no
OX water
Special Hazard • Other symbols:
0 = Minimal
1
1 = Slight
Health Hazard 3 3 2 = Moderate
Ox
3 = Serious
4 = Severe
Health Hazards
4 Very short exposure could cause death or serious residual injury even though prompt
medical attention was given.
3 Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt
medical attention was given.
2 Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible
residual injury unless prompt medical attention is given.
1 Exposure could cause irritation but only minor residual injury even if no treatment is
given.
0 Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary
combustible materials.
PART-A: NFPA HAZARD RATING
2
0 = Minimal
1 = Slight
Fire Hazard 1 3 2 = Moderate
Ox 3 = Serious
4 = Severe
Fire Hazards
Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal pressure and temperature, or is readily
4 dispersed in air and will burn readily.
Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient conditions.
3
Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high temperature before ignition
2 can occur.
Must be preheated before ignition can occur.
1
Materials that will not burn.
0
PART-A: NFPA HAZARD RATING
2 0 = Minimal
1 = Slight
Reactivity 1 3
2 = Moderate
Ox 3 = Serious
4 = Severe
Reactivity
4 Readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal
temperatures and pressures.
3 Capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but requires a strong initiating source or
must be heated under confinement before initiation, or reacts explosively with water.
2 Normally unstable and readily undergo violent decomposition but do not detonate.
Also: may react violently with water or may form potentially explosive mixtures with
water.
1 Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures or
may react with water with some release of energy, but not violently.
0 = Minimal
1
1 = Slight
Special Hazards 3 3 2 = Moderate
3 = Serious
W
4 = Severe
Special Hazards
OX This denotes an oxidizer, a chemical which can greatly increase the rate of
combustion/fire.
ALK This denotes an alkaline material, also called a base. These caustic materials have a pH
greater than 7.0
COR This denotes a material that is corrosive (it could be either an acid or a base).
ACID This indicates that the material is an acid, a corrosive material that has a pH lower than
7.0
W This indicates a potential hazard using water to fight a fire involving this material.
PART-A: HMIS STANDARDS FOR MSDS
Rating : 0 - 4
Rating : 0 - 4
Rating : 0 - 4
Letter : A - Z
Hazardous Material Identification System (HMIS) specified hazard ratings are almost
similar to that of the NFPA rating.
Rating : 0 - 4
Numbers show degree of hazard
• 0 = Minimal
Rating : 0 - 4
• 1 = Slight
• 2 = Moderate
Letter : A - Z • 3 = Serious
• 4 = Severe
HMIS Color Bar
PART-A: HMIS STANDARDS FOR MSDS
A safety glasses
B safety glasses and gloves
C safety glasses, gloves and an apron
D face shield, gloves and an apron
E safety glasses, gloves and a dust respirator
F safety glasses, gloves, apron and a dust respirator
G safety glasses, a vapor respirator
H splash goggles, gloves, apron and a vapor respirator
I safety glasses, gloves and a dust/vapor respirator
J splash goggles, gloves, apron and a dust/vapor respirator
K airline hood or mask, gloves, full suit and boots
L - Z custom PPE specified by employer
PART-A: R (Risk) & S (Safety) Phrases
Using R & S phrases is another shorthand form of MSDS, where the Letter R (say
R1, R 1,12,14 etc) followed by one or more numbers specifying the Risk factor for a
given chemical and the letter S (say S2, S11,12,18 etc) followed by one or more
number specifying the Safety guidelines for the given chemical.
MSDS is a data bank which contains numerous technical and non technical
information, keywords etc about a chemical. To understand the language of MSDS,
one should be familiar with following basic technical terms/keywords which are
frequently used in MSDS of all formats.
1. Absorption (By Skin and Eye Contact): Skin and eye contact with hazardous chemicals can
cause vision problems or blindness, burns, rashes, allergies, and other reactions.
Some chemicals can even get into the bloodstream and poison you through the skin
2. Inhalation: Inhaling hazardous chemicals can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea,
unconsciousness, asphyxiation, even death. There is also a risk of damage to your
lungs, throat or respiratory system.
Acute Health Effect: An adverse effect on a human or animal body with symptoms that develop
immediately and persist short to long period. As burning, sudden illness etc.
Chronic Health Effect: An adverse effect on a human or animal body with symptoms that develop
slowly over a long time period and persist or that recur frequently. As cancer and other diseases,
allergic reactions, or reproductive problems usually take a long time to develop.
Acute Exposure: Exposure of short duration, usually to relatively high concentrations or amounts of
material.
Chronic Exposure: Continuous or intermittent exposure extending over a long time period, usually
applies to relatively low material amounts or concentrations.
Chronic Toxicity: A material's property that produces chronic health effects (see above), usually
resulting from repeated doses of or exposure to the material over a relatively prolonged time period.
Ordinarily used to denote effects noted in experimental animals.
Carcinogen: A material that either causes cancer in humans, or, because it causes cancer in
animals, is considered capable of causing cancer in humans.
Ceiling Limit, C: The concentration not to exceed at any time. "An employee„s exposure [to a
hazardous material] shall at no time exceed the ceiling value" (OSHA).
PART-B: TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN MSDS (Cont’d)
Flash Point :
Lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid gives off sufficient vapor to form an ignitable
mixture with air near its surface or within a vessel and ignite momentarily but cant sustain the flame
is called the flash point.
Flammable:
Describes any solid, liquid, vapor, or gas that ignites easily and burns rapidly. Both NFPA and DOT
generally define flammable liquids as having a flash point below 38ºC (100ºF)
Combustible:
A term the NFPA, DOT, and others use to classify certain materials with low flash points that ignite
easily. Both NFP A and DOT generally define combustible liquids as having a flash point of 38ºC
(100ºF) but below 93.3ºC (200ºF)
Spontaneously Combustible:
A material that ignites as a result of retained heat from processing, or which will oxidize to generate
heat and ignite, or which absorbs moisture to generate heat and ignite.
Oxidizer:
Oxidizer. The DOT defines an oxidizer or oxidizing material as a substance that yields oxygen
readily to stimulate the combustion (oxidation) of organic matter. Chlorate (CIOI23), permanganate
(Mn04), and nitrate (NO) compounds are examples of oxidizers. Note that they all contain large
amounts of oxygen (0).
Corrosive:
A chemical that causes visible destruction of or irreversible alterations in living tissue by chemical
action at the site of contact, or that causes a severe corrosion rate in steel or aluminum.
Radioactive:
Substances may cause the source of irreversible radioactive chemical reaction emitting various
harmful radiation.
PART-B: TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN MSDS (Cont’d)
Irritant:
A chemical, which is not corrosive, but which causes a reversible inflammatory effect on living
tissue by chemical action at the site of contact.
Symbols for Irritant Symbol for Irritant Symbols for Explosive Material
Harmful:
Substances in contact with human body cause acute or chronic damage to health. Especially
carcinogenic, teratogenic or mutagenic associated substances. There is a risk of sensitization by
inhalation
Explosive:
A material that produces a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat when
subjected to abrupt shock, pressure, or high temperature.
PART-B: TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN MSDS (Cont’d)
Toxic Substance:
Any chemical or material that: 1) has evidence of an acute or chronic health hazard and 2) is listed
in the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS), provided that the
substance causes harm at any dose level; causes cancer or reproductive effects in animals at any
dose level; has a median lethal dose (LD50) of less than 500 mg/kg of body weight when
administered orally to rats; has a median LD50 of less than 1000 mg/kg of body weight when
administered by continuous contact to the bare skin of albino rabbits; or has a median lethal
concentration (LD50) in air of less than 2000 ppm by volume of gas vapor, or less than 20 mg/L of
mist, fume, or dust when administered to albino rats.
Asphyxiant:
A vapor or gas that can cause unconsciousness or death by suffocation (lack of oxygen). Most
simple asphyxiants are harmful to the body only when they become so concentrated that they
reduce (displace) the available oxygen in the air (normally about 21%) to dangerous levels (18% or
lower). Examples of simple asphyxiants are carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium.
Chemical asphyxiants like carbon monoxide (CO) reduce the blood's ability to carry oxygen, or like
cyanide, interfere with the body's utilization of oxygen.
Carcinogen:
A material that either causes cancer in humans, or, because it causes cancer in animals, is
considered capable of causing cancer in humans.
Mutagen:
A substance or agent capable of altering the genetic material in a living cell.
PART-B: TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN MSDS (Cont’d)
TWA : Time Weighted Average is the average exposure over a specified period of time, usually a nominal eight hours.
STEL : Short-Term Exposure Limit is one that addresses the average exposure over a 15-30 minute period of maximum exposure during a single work shift.
CL : Ceiling Limit is one that may not be exceeded for any period of time, and is applied to irritants and other materials that have immediate effects.
AL : Action Level is the exposure level (concentration in air) at which OSHA regulations to protect employees takes effect (29 CFR 1910.1001-1047)
Exposure Limit :
The concentration in workplace air of a chemical deemed the maximum acceptable. This means that most
workers can be exposed at given levels or lower without harmful effects. Exposure limits in common use are:
1) TLV-TWA (threshold limit value-timeweighted average); 2) STEL (short-term exposure limit); and 3) C
(ceiling value).
ACGIH TLVs :
Established by OSHA. The permissible exposure limit (PEL or OSHA PEL) is a legal limit for exposure of an
employee to a chemical substance or physical agent. This may be expressed as a time weighted average
(TWA) limit, short-term exposure limit (STEL), or as a ceiling exposure limit. A ceiling limit must never be
exceeded instantaneously even if the TWA exposure limit is not violated. OSHA PELs have the force of law.
Note that ACGIH TLVs and NIOSH RELs are recommended exposure limits.
Toxicity Comparison:
In general, the smaller the LD50 value, the more toxic the chemical is. The opposite is also true: the larger the LD50 value,
the lower the toxicity. The LD50 gives a measure of the immediate or acute toxicity of a chemical in the strain, sex, and
age group of a particular animal species being tested. Changing any of these variables (e.g., type animal or age) could
result in finding a different LD50 value. The LD50 test was neither designed nor intended to give information on long-term
exposure effects of a chemical. Once you have an LD50 value, it can be compared to other values by using a toxicity
scale. The two most common scales used are the "Hodge and Sterner Scale" and the "Gosselin, Smith and Hodge
Scale". It is also important to know that the actual LD50 value may be different for a given chemical depending on the
route of exposure (e.g., oral, dermal, inhalation)
For example, some LD50s for dichlorvos, an insecticide commonly used in household pesticide strips, are listed below:
Oral LD50 (rat) : 56 mg/kg
Dermal LD50 (rat) : 75 mg/kg
Intraperitoneal LD50 : (rat) 15 mg/kg
Inhalation LC50 (rat) : 1.7 ppm (15 mg/m3); 4-hour exposure
Oral LD50 (rabbit) : 10 mg/kg
Oral LD50 (pigeon) : 23.7 mg/kg
Oral LD50 (rat) : 56 mg/kg
Oral (mouse) : 61 mg/kg
Oral (dog) : 100 mg/kg
Oral (pig) : 157 mg/kg
PART-C: Hodge and Sterner Scale
Routes of Administration
Exposure of Single
Toxicit Rats application to Probable Lethal
Commonly
y single dose to for 4 hours skin of rabbits Dose
Used Term
Rating rats for Man
(mg/kg) (ppm) (mg/kg)
1 grain (a taste, a
1 Extremely Toxic 1 or less 10 or less 5 or less
drop)
2 Highly Toxic 1-50 10-100 5-43 4 ml (1 tsp)
Back
PART-C: Gosselin, Smith and Hodge Scale
Less than 5
6 Super Toxic 1 grain (a taste - less than 7 drops)
mg/kg
1 Practically Non-Toxic Above 15 g/kg More than 1200 ml (more than 1 quart)
Back
PART-C: Gosselin, Smith and Hodge Scale
Hazard Communication(HAZCOM):
Requires chemical manufacturers and importers to assess the hazards associated with the materials in their
workplace (29 CFR 1910.1200). Material safety data sheets, labeling, and training are all results of this law.
Engineering Controls:
Engineering control systems reduce potential hazards by isolating the worker from the hazard or by removing
the hazard from the work environment. Methods include substitution, ventilation, isolation, and
enclosure. This is preferred over administrative controls and personal protective equipment.
Incompatible:
Describes materials that could cause dangerous reactions and the release of energy from direct contact with
one another.
Back
PART-C: Chemical Compatibility Chart
Chemical Group
1 Acids, Mineral, Non-ox idizing 1
Acids, Mineral, Ox idizing
Md. Moynul Islam
2 2 CHEMICAL COMPATIBILITY CHART
3 Acids, Organic G,H 3 Chemical Engineer
4 Alcholos, Gly cols H H,F H,P 4 Modified from: EPA's Chemical Compatibility Chart, April, 1980,
5 Aldehy des H,P H,F H,P 5 A Method for Determining the Compatibility of Chemical Mixtures,
H
6 Amides H
GT
6 EPA-600/2-80-076.
H Please Not e: This char is int ended as an indicat ion of t he some hazards t hat can be expect ed on mixing chemical wast es. B ecause of t he dif f ering act ivit ies of
7 Amines, Aliphatic and Aromatic H
GT
H H 7 t housands of compounds t hat may be encount ered. It is not possible t o make any chart def init ive and all inclusive. It can not be assumed t o ensure compat ibilit y
H of wast es because wast es are not classif ied as hazardous on t he chart , nor do any blanks necessarily mean t hat t he mixt ure can not result in a hazardous
8 A zo, Diazo Compounds & Hydrazines H,G GT
H,G H,G H 8 occuring. Det ailed inst ruct ions as t o hazards involved in handling and disposing of any given wast e should be obt ained f rom t he originat or of t he wast e.
H
9 Carbamates H,G
GT
H,G 9 CODE & CONSEQUENCE
10 Caustics H H H H H,G 10 H :H eat Generation
11 Cy anides GT GT GT
G 11 F :F ire
GF GF GF
H,F H,F H,GT GT G :Innocuous non-flmmable gas generation
12 Dithiocarbamates GF GF GF GF
U H,G 12
GT:T oxic G as formation
13 Esters H H,F H,G H 13
GF:F lammable G as formation
14 Ethers H H,F 14
E :E xplossion
15 Fluorides, Inorganics GT GT GT 15
P :Violent P olymerization
16 Hy drocarbons, Aromatics H,F 16
S :S olubilization of toxic substance
H H,F H H
17 Halogenated Organics GT GT GT
H,G
GF
H 17
U :May be hazardous, but U nknown
H,F H,P
18 Isocy anates H,G
GT
H,G H,P H,P H,G
G
H,G U 18
19 Ketones H H,F H,G H H 19
GT H,F
20 M ercaptans & Other Organic Sulfides GF GT
H,G 20
H H,GF H
21 M et als, A lkali & A lkaline Eart h, Element al H,F
GF
H,F H,F
GF GF
H,F
GF
H,F
GF
H
GF
H
GF
H
GF
H
GF
H
GF GF GT GF
H,E
H
GF
H
GF
H
GF
21
Met als, Ot he Element al & Alloys as powder s H,F H,F H,F H H H,F
22 Vapor s or sponges GF GF
G,F
GT
U
GF
H,E
GF GF
22
M et als, Ot he Element al & A lloys H,F H,F H,F
23 sheet s, GF GF G
H,F 23
24 M et als & M et als Compounds, Toxic S S S S S S 24
H,F H,F H H,E H H H H H H H
25 Nitrides GF E GF GF GF
U H,G U
GF GF GF GF
U
GF GF
E 25
H,GT H,F H
26 Nitriles GF GT
H U H,P S
GF
26
H,F H,E H,E
27 Nitro Compounds, Organic GT
H H,E
GF GF
27
28 Hydrocarbons, A liphat ic, Unsat urat ed H H,F H H,E 28
29 Hydro carbo ns, A liphatic, Saturated H,F 29
H H,F H,F H,E H,F H,F H,E H,P
30 Peroxides & Hydroperoxides, Organic H, G H,E H,F H,G
GT E GT GT GT
H,E H E
GT
H,E H,G H,G
GF GT
H,P 30
H H
31 Phenols and Cresols H H,F H,G H,P GF GF
H 31
Organophosphat es, Phosphot hioat es H H H
32 Phosphodiot hioat es GT GT
U H,E
GF
U 32
GT H,F H
33 Sulfides, Inorganic GF GF
GT H E H GT
33
34 Epox ides H,P H,P H,P H,P U H,P H,P H,P H,P U H,P H,P H,P H,P H,P H,P H,P U H,P 34
Combust ible and Flammable Mat er ials H,F H,F H,F H,F
35 Miscellaneous H,G
GT G GF GT
35
36 Ex plosiv es H,E H,E H,E H,E H,E H,E H,E H,E H,E E E H,E H,E H,E H,E H,E 36
37 Poly merizable Compounds P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H U P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H P,H 37
H H H,F H,F H,F H,F H,E H,F H H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F H,F
38 Ox idizing Agents, Strong GT GT
H,F
GF GT GT
H,E
GT GT GT
H,F H,F H,F
GT GT
H,F
GT E E
H,F
E GT
H,E H,F H,F H,G H,F
GT GT G G
H,E
GT
38
H H,F H H,F H,F H H H,F H H H H H H, GT H H,P H,F
39 Reducing Agents, Strong GF GT GF GF GF GF
H,G
GT
H,F
E
H,E
GF GF GF GF
H,E H,E
GF GF
H
GF
H,E
GF E
39
H H H GT GT
40 Water and Aqueous Mix tures H H G H,G
GF GF
S
GF GF GF
40
41 Water Reactive Substances <<<<<<Extremely Reactive - Do Not Mix With Any Chemical! - Extremely Reactive>>>>> 41
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
PART-C: LD50 and LC50 Test Procedure
In nearly all cases, LD50 tests are performed using a pure form of the chemical. Mixtures are
rarely studied.
The chemical may be given to the animals by mouth (oral); by applying on the skin (dermal); by
injection at sites such as the blood veins (i.v.- intravenous), muscles (i.m. - intramuscular) or into
the abdominal cavity (i.p. - intraperitoneal).
The LD50 value obtained at the end of the experiment is identified as the LD50 (oral), LD50 (skin),
LD50 (i.v.), etc., as appropriate. Researchers can do the test with any animal species but they use
rats or mice most often. Other species include dogs, hamsters, cats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, and
monkeys. In each case, the LD50 value is expressed as the weight of chemical administered per
kilogram body weight of the animal and it states the test animal used and route of exposure or
administration; e.g., LD50 (oral, rat) - 5 mg/kg, LD50 (skin, rabbit) - 5 g/kg. So, the example "LD50
(oral, rat) 5 mg/kg" means that 5 milligrams of that chemical for every 1 kilogram body weight of the
rat, when administered in one dose by mouth, causes the death of 50% of the test group.
If the lethal effects from breathing a compound are to be tested, the chemical (usually a gas or
vapour) is first mixed in a known concentration in a special air chamber where the test animals will
be placed. This concentration is usually quoted as parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per cubic
metre (mg/m3). In these experiments, the concentration that kills 50% of the animals is called an
LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50) rather than an LD50. When an LC50 value is reported, it should also
state the kind of test animal studied and the duration of the exposure, e.g., LC50 (rat) - 1000 ppm/ 4
hr or LC50 (mouse) - 5mg/m3/ 2hr.
PART-C: To be continue
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