Math for Dummies

By: Jhon Añez

Aritmética Desigualdades Radicales Potenciación

1) 𝑎(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑐 ≥ (𝑀𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑟 𝑜 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 … ) 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 0
√𝑎 . √𝑏 = √𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 𝑎 =1
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎𝑐 ≤ (𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑟 𝑜 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑞𝑢𝑒 … )
2) ∙ =
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏𝑑 > (𝑀𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 … ) 𝑛 𝑎𝑛 ∙ 𝑎𝑚 = 𝑎𝑚+𝑛
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐 < (𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 … ) √𝑎 𝑎 𝑛
3) + = 𝑛 = √
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏𝑑 ≫ (𝑀𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑜 𝑚𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 … ) √𝑏 𝑏 𝑎𝑛
𝑎/𝑏 𝑎 𝑑 ≪ (𝑀𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑜 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 … ) = 𝑎𝑛−𝑚
4) 𝑐/𝑑 = 𝑏 ∙ 𝑐 𝑎𝑚
𝑛 𝑚 𝑚
𝑛
𝑎±𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
Completación de Cuadrados
√𝑎𝑚 = ( √𝑎) = 𝑎𝑛 1
5) = ±
𝑐 𝑐 𝑐 = 𝑎−𝑛 → 𝑎 ≠ 0
si 𝒂 ≠ 𝟎 entonces: 𝑎𝑛
6) (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑐 + 𝑑) =
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 𝑎𝒖2 + 𝑲 𝑚 𝑛
√ √𝑎 = 𝑚 . 𝑛
𝑎𝑐 + 𝑎𝑑 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑏𝑑
𝑏 𝑏2
√𝑎 𝑎 𝑛 𝑎𝑛
𝒖=𝑥+( ) → 𝑲=𝑐− ( ) = 𝑛
2𝑎 4𝑎 𝑏 𝑏
Logaritmos Logaritmo Neperiano Productos Notables
𝑦 = log 𝑎 𝑥 ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑎 𝑦 𝑦 = ln(𝑥) ↔ 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑦 (𝑎 + 𝑏) ∙ (𝑎 − 𝑏) = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
log 𝑎 1 = 0 𝑙𝑛( 1) = 0 (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 + 𝑏 2
log 𝑎 𝑎 = 1
ln( 𝑒) = 1 (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 = 𝑎2 − 2𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 + 𝑏 2
log 𝑎 (𝐴 ∙ 𝐵) = log 𝑎 𝐴 + log 𝑎 𝐵
𝐴 𝑙𝑛(𝐴 ∙ 𝐵) = ln(𝐴) + 𝑙𝑛( 𝐵) (𝑎 + 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 + 3𝑎2 ∙ 𝑏 + 3𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 2 + 𝑏 3
log 𝑎 ( ) = log 𝑎 𝐴 − log 𝑎 𝐵 𝐴
𝐵 (𝑎 − 𝑏)3 = 𝑎3 − 3𝑎2 ∙ 𝑏 + 3𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 2 − 𝑏 3
𝑙𝑛 ( ) = 𝑙𝑛( 𝐴) − 𝑙𝑛( 𝐵)
log 𝑎 𝐴𝑛 = 𝑛. log 𝑎 𝐴 𝐵 (𝑥 + 𝑎)(𝑥 + 𝑏) = 𝑥 2 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏
log 𝑏 𝑥 𝑛
𝑙𝑛( 𝐴 ) = 𝑛. 𝑙𝑛(𝐴)
log 𝑎 𝑥 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ) = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3
log 𝑏 𝑎 1 𝑙𝑛( 𝑥)
𝑛
1 log 𝑎 𝑥 𝑙𝑛( √𝑥 ) = 𝑙𝑛( 𝑥) = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎 ∙ 𝑏 + 𝑏 2 ) = 𝑎3 − 𝑏 3
𝑛
log 𝑎 √𝑥 = log 𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑛 𝑛
𝑛 𝑛 Triangulo de Pascal
log𝑎 (𝑥) 𝑒 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑥
𝑎 =𝑥

Identidades Trigonométricas
𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥) = 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥) 1
𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑛 (𝑥) =
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥) = 1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (𝑥) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 (𝑥)
1
𝑡𝑔2 (𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑥) − 1 𝑐𝑠𝑐 𝑛 (𝑥) =
𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑛 (𝑥)
2 (𝑥) 2 (𝑥)
𝑠𝑒𝑐 = 𝑡𝑔 +1
𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 (𝑥) = 𝑐𝑡𝑔2 (𝑥) + 1 1
𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑛 (𝑥) = Factorización
1 − cos(2𝑥) 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑛 (𝑥) 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏)
2 (𝑥)
𝑠𝑒𝑛
2 sin(2𝑥) = 2 sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥)
𝑎3 − 𝑏 3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
1 + cos(2𝑥) cos(2𝑥) = 2 sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥)
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (𝑥) 𝑎4 − 𝑏 4 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎3 + 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 2 + 𝑏 3 )
2
Intervalos Trigonometría Formula Cuadrática

Intervalo Abierto: (𝑎, 𝑏) si 𝑎 ≠ 0 y 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0,

Intervalo Cerrado: [𝑎, 𝑏] 𝐶𝑂 𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝑂 𝐶𝐴 𝐻𝐼𝑃 𝐻𝐼𝑃 entonces:
⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯ ⋯
Intervalo Semi-Abierto: (𝑎, 𝑏] 𝐻𝐼𝑃 𝐻𝐼𝑃 𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝑂 𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝑂
Intervalo I: ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ −𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑔 𝑐𝑡𝑔 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑐𝑠𝑐 𝑥=
(𝑎, ∞+ ); (−∞, 𝑏); (−∞, ∞+ ) 2𝑎
Valores de las funciones trigonométricas de los ángulos notables → 𝜋 = 180°
En radianes En grados 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑎𝑔
0° 0 1 0
1 √3 √3
𝜋/6 30°
2 2 3
𝜋/4 45° √2 √2 1
2 2
√3 1
𝜋/3 60° √3
2 2
𝜋/2 90° 1 0 +∞
√3 1
2𝜋/3 120° − −√3
2 2
√2 √2
3𝜋/4 135° − −1
2 2
1 √3 √3
5𝜋/6 150° − −
2 2 3
𝜋 180° 0 −1 0
1 √3 √3
7𝜋/6 210° − −
2 2 3
5𝜋/4 225° √2 √2 1
− −
2 2
√3 1
4𝜋/3 240° − − √3
2 2
3𝜋/2 270° −1 0 −∞
√3 1
5𝜋/3 300° − −√3
2 2
√2 √2
7𝜋/4 315° − −1
2 2
1 √3 √3
11𝜋/6 330° − −
2 2 3
2𝜋 360° 0 1 0