Paper 1 SET B

19th NATIONAL CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION

FOR
ENERGY MANAGERS & ENERGY AUDITORS – SEPTEMBER, 2018

PAPER – 1: GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT & ENERGY AUDIT

Section – I: OBJECTIVE TYPE Marks: 50 x 1 = 50

(i) Answer all 50 questions

(ii) Each question carries one mark
(iii) Please hatch the appropriate oval in the OMR answer sheet with HB pencil only, as
per instructions

1. A waste heat recovery system requires Rs. 50 lakhs investment and Rs. 2 lakhs per
year to operate and maintain. If the annual savings is Rs. 22 lakhs, the payback
period will be
a) 10 years b) 2.5 years
c) 3 years d) 2.28 years

2. What is the heat content of the 200 liters of water at 500 0C in terms of the basic
unit of energy in Kilo Joules?
a) 41870 b) 23880
c) 10000 d) 30000
Note: 1 Mark is awarded to all candidate who have attempted this question.

3. Which of the following GHGs has the longest atmospheric life time?

a) PFC b) SF6

c) CFC d) CH4

4. Which of the following is used for non-contact measurement of temperature?

a) All of the below b) Infrared Thermometer
c) Leaf type contact probe d) Thermocouples

5. The force field analysis in energy action planning considers

a) No forces b) Negative forces only
c) Both negative and positive forces d) Positive forces only

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 Paper 1 SET B

6. Which of the following equation is used to calculate the future value of the cash
flow?

a) NPV/ (1 + i)n b) NPV / (1 – i)n

c) NPV (1 + i)n d) NPV (1 – i)n

7. For investment decision, ROI must always be _____ prevailing interest rate.
a) No relation b) Higher than
c) Equal to d) Lower than

8. Large scattering on production versus energy consumption trend line indicates

a) None of the below b) Inefficient equipment
c) Inefficient process d) Poor process control

9. Frequency of energy audit for designated consumers is______

a) Once in five years b) Once in two years
c) Once in three years d) Once in a year

10. The rotor axis is aligned with the wind direction in a wind mill by ________ control
a) All of the below b) Pitch
c) Disc brake d) Yaw

11. Producer gas basically comprises of

a) Only CO and H2 b) Only CH4

c) CO and CH4 d) CO, H2 and CH4

12. The lowest theoretical temperature to which water can be cooled in a cooling tower
is
a) WBT of the atmospheric air

b) Average DBT and WBT of the atmospheric air

c) DBT of the atmospheric air
d) Difference between DBT and WBT of the atmospheric air

13. In a solar thermal power station Molten salt is preferred as it provides an efficient
low cost medium to store ______ energy
a) Potential b) Thermal
c) Kinetic d) Electrical

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 Paper 1 SET B

14. From Voltage, Amps and Power factor given in the name plate of a motor, one can
calculate ________.
a) Both (b) & (c) b) Shaft power
c) Rated input power d) Rated output power

15. RPM of an electric motor is measured using _________.

a) Rotameter b) Stroboscope
c) Lux meter d) Ultrasonic meter

16. If asset depreciation is considered, then net operating cash inflow would be
a) None of the below b) Higher
c) No effect d) Lower

17. Which of the following comes under capital cost in a project?

a) All of the below b) Installation cost

c) Commissioning cost d) Design cost

18. Energy consumption per GDP is termed as ______________.

a) All of the below b) Energy intensity
c) Energy efficiency index d) Energy factor

19. A three phase induction motor is drawing 10 Ampere at 440 Volts. If the operating
power factor of the motor is 0.9 and the efficiency of the motor is 95 %, then the
mechanical shaft power of the motor is
a) 7.21 kW b) 4.18 kW
c) 6.51 kW d) 3.76 kW

20. For an activity in a project, Latest start time is 8 weeks and Latest finish time is 12
weeks. If the earliest finish time is 9 weeks, Slack time for the activity is ____.
a) None of the below b) 4 weeks
c) 1 week d) 3 weeks

21. The amount of CO2 produced in complete combustion of 18 kg of carbon is ______.

a) 792 b) 44
c) 66 d) 50

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 Paper 1 SET B

22. Which mode of heat transfer does not require medium?

a) Conduction b) Forced convection
c) Radiation d) Natural convection

23. If the fixed energy consumption of a company is 2000 kWh per month and the line
slope of the energy (y) versus production (x) chart is 0.3, then the energy consumed
in kWh per month for a production level of 60,000 tons/month is ______________.
a) None of the below b) 18,000 kWh

c) 22,000 kWh d) 16,000 kWh

24. Which technique takes care of time value of money in evaluation?

a) Both (b) & (c) b) IRR

c) NPV d) Payback period

25. The heat rate of a power plant is expressed as

a) kWh / kVA b) kCal/kWh
c) kg of steam / kg of fuel d) kWh/kg of steam

26. Which equipment does not come under mandatory labelling program?
a) Distribution transformer b) Frost free refrigerator
c) Induction motors d) Room Air conditioners

27. Furling speed of wind turbine indicates ____

a) None of the below b) Cut in speed
c) Rated speed d) Cut out speed

28. One Silicon cell in a PV module typically produces

a) 12 V b) 1V
c) 2 V d) 0.5 V

29. The input to a fuel cell is.

a) All of the below b) Hydrogen
c) Oxygen d) Electricity

30. The production factor is defined as the ratio of

a) Reference year production to the current year production
b) Current year production to the reference month production
c) Reference month production to the current month production
d) Current year production to the reference year production

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 Paper 1 SET B

31. To reduce the distribution losses within a plant, the capacitors should be located
a) Before the billing meter b) Farthest from the load
c) In the substation d) Closest to the load

32. Absolute pressure is measured as

a) None of the belowb)Gaugepressure + Atmospheric pressure
c) Gauge pressure/Atmospheric pressure d)Gauge pressure – Atmospheric pressure

33. The dryness (x) fraction of superheated steam is taken as

a) x = 1 b) x = 0.9
c) x = 0.87 d) x=0

34. When the evaporation of water from a wet substance is zero, the relative humidity
of the air is lilkely to be

a) Unpredictable b) 100 %
c) 50 % d) 0%

35. Which of the following type of collector is used for low temperature systems?

a) None of the below b) Line focusing parabolic collector

c) Parabolic trough collector d) Flat plate collector

36. Which among the following is not a renewable source of energy?

a) Wind b) Rice husk
c) Nuclear d) Bagasse

37. What is shale Oil?

a) Combustible brownish-black sedimentary rock
b) Heavy black viscous oil combination of clay, sand, water and bitumen
c) A form of naturally compressed peat
d) Sedimentary rock containing solid bituminous materials

38. Which of the following has the lowest energy content in terms of MJ/kg?
a) Furnace oil b) Diesel
c) Bagasse d) LPG

39. _________ and _______ consume major share of Natural Gas consumption in India.
a) Domestic Sector and Fertilizer Industries
b) Transport sector and Fertilizer Industry
c) Power Generation and Fertilizer Industries

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 Paper 1 SET B

d) Domestic sector and Transport sector

40. The sector consuming major share of energy in India is

a) Domestic Sector b) Transport Sector
c) Industrial Sector d) Agriculture Sector

41. Which of the following designated consumer has the lowest energy intensity?
a) Chlor alkali b) Iron and Steel
c) Cement d) Aluminium

42. Which of the following is not a Demand Side Management measure?

a) Use of ice bank system
b) Maximizing fossil fuel based energy utilization
c) Replacement of inefficient electrical appliances
d) Implementing Time of the Day (ToD) Electricity Tariff

43. Which of the following does not meet the Designated Consumer criteria?
a) Textile Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of 3000 toe.
b) Cement Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of 30,000 toe.
c) Chlor-Alkali Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of
7500 toe.
d) Pulp and Paper Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of
30,000 toe.

44. The kW or HP of a motor given on the name plate indicates

a) The input power to the motor at any load
b) The shaft output of the motor at full load
c) The input power to the motor at the best efficiency point
d) The shaft output of the motor at part load

45. Which of the following has the highest Specific Heat?

a) Water b) Aluminium
c) Copper d) Steel

46. Heat transfer in an air cooled condenser occurs predominantly by

a) None of the below b) Convection
c) Radiation d) Conduction

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 Paper 1 SET B

47. Definition of Energy Audit as per EC Act does not include:

a) Action plan required for energy saving
b) Evaluation of Techno-economics
c) Verification, monitoring and analysis of energy use
d) Creation of an Energy Management System (EnMS)

48. The ISO standard for Energy Management System is

a) ISO 18001 b) ISO 50001
c) ISO 9001 d) ISO 14001

49. To arrive at the relative humidity at a point we need to know___________of air

a) Both b & d b) Wet bulb temperature
c) Enthalpy d) Dry bulb temperature

50. As per Energy Conservation Act, 2001 appointment of BEE Certified Energy Manger
is mandatory for
a) All commercial buildings
b) All large Industrial consumers
c) All designated consumers
d) All State designated agencies
.................. End of Section I ..................

Section – II: SHORT DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Marks: 8 x 5 = 40

(i) Answer allEightquestions

(ii) Each question carries Five marks

S-1 A thermal power plant uses 0.72 kg of coal to generate one KWh of electricity. If the
coal contains 38 % carbon by weight, calculate the amount of CO2 emission/kWh
under complete combustion.

Ans Amount of carbon present in coal = 0.72*38/100

= 0.2736 kg

As per chemical reaction, C + O2 = CO2

1 kg of carbon generates 44/12 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) under complete combustion
Amount of CO2 generation while generating one KWh of electricity
= 0.2736*44/12
= 1.0032 Kg/KWh

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 Paper 1 SET B

S-2 A solar photovoltaic power plant is installed with 350 Watts panel of size 1.5 m x
1.5 m in a roof top area of a building having dimension of 9 m x 10 m. If solar
insolation is 1,000 W/m2, calculate the panel conversion efficiency?

Ans Area of solar cell = 1.5 x 1.5

= 2.25 m2

Efficiency = (350 /(2.25 x 1000)) x 100

= 15.6 %
S-3 List any five equipment and appliances covered under Standards and Labelling
program.
Ans Refer BEE Guide Book 1- Page No 37

S-4 State true or false (each carries 1 Mark)

a) When it is raining, there is a substantial difference between the dry and wet
bulb temperatures
b) The specific gravity of light diesel oil is given in kg/m3
c) The major constituent of LNG is propane
d) Evaporative cooling of space requires use of refrigerant R134a
e) HSD needs preheating to increase viscosity
Ans a) False b) False
c) False d) False
e) False
In a textile plant monthly energy consumption is 7,00,000 kWh of electricity, 40 kL
S-5
of furnace oil (specific gravity = 0.92) for thermic fluid heater, 360 tonne of coal for
steam boiler and 10 kL of HSD (specific gravity = 0.885) for material handling
equipment.Compute the energy consumption in terms of Metric Tonne of Oil
Equivalent(MTOE) for the plant.

Given Data: (1 kWh = 860 kcal, GCV of coal = 3450 kCal/kg, GCV of furnace oil =
10,000 kcal/kg, GCV of HSD = 10,500 kcal/kg, GCV of rice husk = 3100 kcal/kg,
1 kg oil equivalent = 10,000 kCal)
Ans Aggregate Energy Use=
(40000 x0.92x 10000) + (360000 x 3450) + (7, 00,000 x 860) + (10,000x 0.885 x 10,500).

MTOE = (36.8 x 107) + (124.2 x 107) + (60.2 x 107)+ (9.2925 x 107)

107
= 230.5 Metric Tonnes of Oil Equivalent per month

Energy consumption of the textile plant = 230.5 x 12 = 2766 MTOE

S-6 For installing a recuperator in a furnace, the plant has assessed the following time
estimates

Optimistic Time : 2.5 weeks

Most Likely Time : 3 weeks

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 Paper 1 SET B

Pessimistic Time : 3.5 weeks

Find out the “Expected Time”, “Standard Deviation” and “Variance” to complete the

activity
Ans Expected time = (Optimistic Time + 4 X Most Likely Time + Pessimistic Time)/ 6
= (2.5 + 4 x 3 + 3.5)/ 6
=3

Standard Deviation = (3.5-2.5)/6 = 1/6 = 0.167

Variance = {(PT-OT/6)} 2
= 1 / 36 = 0.0278

S-7 A paint drier requires 75.4 m3/min of air at 93°C, which is heated in a steam-coil
unit. How many kg of steam at 4 bar does this unit require per hour ? The density
of air is 1.2 kg/m3 and specific heat of air is 0.24 kcal/kg°C. The ambient
temperature is 32°C.

Enthalpy, kCal/kg
Temperature,
Pressure, bar
°C Water Evaporation Steam

4 143 143 510 653

Ans Solution:
Air flow rate = 75.4 m3/min * 60 = 4524 m3/hr
Air flow rate = 4524 * 1.2
= 5428.8 kg/hr

Sensible heat of air = m * Cp * DT

= 5428.8 * 0.24 * (93-32)
= 79477.6 kcal/hr

Latent heat of Steam = 510 Kcal/kg

Steam required = 79477.6 / 510
Steam required = 156 kg/hr

An ESCO company is required to invest in a waste heat recovery project, which is

S-8
expected to yield an annual saving of Rs.10,00,000 and the life of the equipment is
7 years. If the ESCO expects 30 % IRR on this project, calculate the investment
required to be made.
Ans The PV of the Annual Savings of Rs.1,000,000 per year:
Investment 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000
0=− + + + + + + +
(1 + 0.3)0
(1 + 0.3) (1 + 0.3)
1 2
(1 + 0.3)3 (1 + 0.3)4 (1 + 0.3)5 (1 + 0.3)6 (1 + 0.3)7

or
Investment = Rs.1,000,000/year (P/AIN Factor)
= Rs.1,000,000/year (2.8021) = Rs. 2,802,100

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 Paper 1 SET B

Thus, we can pay Rs.2,802,100 for the Waste Heat Exchanger and still have a positive
NPV.

.................. End of Section II ..................

Section – III: LONG DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Marks: 6 x 10 = 60

(i) Answer all Six questions

(ii) Each question carries Ten marks

In a Chlor-Alkali plant, an evaporator was designed to concentrate 500 kg of liquor

L–1
containing solids of 7 % w/w (weight by weight) to 45 % solids w/w in the output.
Presently the output from evaporator has 30 % solids w/w. The energy manager
suggested overhauling the evaporator to achieve the design rate of solids w/w in the
output. Calculate the percentage improvement in water removal in the evaporator
after overhauling of the evaporator.

Ans Amount of feed (input) to the evaporator = 500 Kg

Concentration of solids in feed = 7 wt%
Amount of solids in feed (input) = 500 * 7 /100
= 35 Kg

Present scenario:
Concentration of solids in product (output) = 30 wt% = 0.3

Mass balance across the evaporator :

Amount of product (output) from the evaporator = 35 / 0.3
= 116.7 Kg

Water vapour removed from the evaporator is = 500 – 116.7

= 383.3 Kg

Design scenario :
Concentration of solids in product (output) = 45 wt% = 0.45
Mass balance across the evaporator :
Amount of product (output) from the evaporator = 35 / 0.45
= 77.8 Kg

Water vapour removed from the evaporator is = 500 – 77.8

= 422.2 Kg

Incremental water removal achieved is = 422.2 – 383.3

= 38.9 Kg

% increase in water removal = 38.9 / 383.3 * 100

% improvement in water removal after overhaul = 10.14 %

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 Paper 1 SET B

A process plant is planning to implement a waste heat recovery project. The various
L-2
activities from procurement to commissioning are given in the table below along
with their duration and dependency.

Activity Predecessor Time in Week

A - 3

B - 5

C A 4

D A 6

E C 5

F C 3

G B&D 2

H D&E 1

I F,G,H 2
a)Construct a PERT/CPM network diagram for the above project. (5 Marks)
b)Compute the earliest start, earliest finish, latest start, latest finish and slack for all the
activities (3 Marks)

c)Compute the project duration. (1 Mark)

d)Identify the critical activities and the critical path(s). (1 Mark)

Ans
a) PERT/CPM network diagram for a project

b) Early start (ES), Early Finish (EF), Latest start (LS), Latest finish (LF)and slack for all
the activities.(3 Marks)

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 Paper 1 SET B

Slack
Activity ES EF LS LF (LS-ES) or
Duration
(LF-EF)

A 3 0 3 0 3 0

B 5 0 5 6 11 6

C 4 3 7 3 7 0

D 6 3 9 5 11 2

E 5 7 12 7 12 0

F 3 7 10 10 13 3

13
G 2 9 11 11 2

H 1 12 13 12 13 0

I 2 13 15 13 15 0

X1 and X2 are dummy activities

c) Critical Path: A- C- E- H- I
d) Total time on critical path (project duration):15 weeks

L–3 a) Explain briefly three types of Performance Contracting ? (6 Marks)

b) What are the drawbacks of ESCO? (4 Marks)

Ans Refer BEE Guide Book 1- Page No.178

A medium size chemical plant receives electricity from grid and also generates
L-4
electricity from coal based Captive Power Plant (CPP). Coal is also used for process
requirements. The fine coal from CPP is sold to neighboring plant. The annual
energy details are given below:

Electricity purchased from grid 5 MU

Electricity exported to grid 11 MU

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 Paper 1 SET B

Power generation from CPP 36 MU

Power Supplied from CPP to Process plant 25 MU

Fine coal sold to neighboring unit 1000 ton

Coal used for process plant 5000 ton

GCV of coal 4500 kcal/kg

Heat rate of CPP 3500 kcal/kWh

Annual Operating Hours 7200

Calculate the following:

a) Energy usage in toe (tons of oil equivalent) (5 Marks)

b) Coal used in CPP (3 Marks)

c) Calculate the CPP operating power in MW (2 Marks)

Ans Energy usage in TOE (Tons of oil equivalent)

➢ Grid electricity Imported = (5 x 106kWh)x (860 kcal/kWh) = (+) 43 x 108 kcals/year

➢ Power generated from CPP = (36 x 10 kWh)x (3500 kcal/kWh) = (+) 1260 x 108 kcals/year
6

➢ Coal imported for process = (5000 x 103kg)x (4500 kcal/kg) = (+) 225 x 108 kcals/year
➢ 6
Power exported to grid = (11 x 10 kWh)x (3500 kcal/kWh) = (-) 385 x 108 kcals/year
➢ Coal fines exported to neighbour = (1000 x 103kg)x (4500 kcal/kg) = (-) 45 x 108 kcals/year
➢ Net annual energy consumption = ( 43+1260+225)-(385+45) = (+) 1098 x 108 kcals/year

a. Energy usage in TOE = (1098 x 108 kcals/year) / (107) = 10980 MTOE

(1 MTOE = 107 kcals)
b. Coal used in CPP = ( (36 x 106 kWh)x (3500 kcal/kWh) ) / (4500 kcal/kg)
6
= 28 x 10 kgs Coal/ Year
= (28 x 106 )/103 = 28000 Tons Coal/ Year
c. Calculate the CPP operating MW = (36 x 106 kWh/year)/ (7200 hrs/year)
= 5000 kW
= 5 MW
L-5 a) Write down the steps for computing energy saving using CUSUM over a period.
(4Marks)
b) Develop a table using a CUSUM technique to calculate energy savings for 8 months
period for a production level of 2000 MT per month. Refer to field data given in the
table below. (6 marks)

Month Actual SEC kWh/MT Predicted SEC kWh/MT

May 1225 1250

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 Paper 1 SET B

June 1227 1250

July 1240 1250

Aug 1245 1250

Sep 1238 1250

Oct 1257 1250

Nov 1248 1250

Dec 1264 1250

Ans a) Steps for CUSUM analysis:
Refer BEE Guide Book 1 Page No. 229

b) Estimate the savings accumulated from use of the heat recovery system.

Month Actual SEC Predicted SEC Difference CUSUM

kWh/MT kWh/MT (Actual SEC - Savings
Predicted SEC) kWh/MT
kWh/MT

May 1225 1250 -25 -25

June 1227 1250 -23 -48

July 1240 1250 -10 -58

Aug 1245 1250 -5 -63

Sep 1238 1250 -12 -75

Oct 1257 1250 +7 -68

Nov 1248 1250 -2 -70

Dec 1264 1250 +14 -56

Positive savings i.e. savings in energy consumption over a period of eight months
are
56 x 2000 = 112,000 kWh

L-6 Describe the stages of Gasification of Biomass process with a pictorial diagram and
reaction equations ?

Ans Refer BEE Guide Book 1- Page No 275-276

.................. End of Section III ..................

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 Paper 1 SET B

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