Paper 1 SET A

19th NATIONAL CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION

FOR
ENERGY MANAGERS & ENERGY AUDITORS – SEPTEMBER, 2018

PAPER – 1: GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT & ENERGY AUDIT

Section – I: OBJECTIVE TYPE Marks: 50 x 1 = 50

(i) Answer all 50 questions

(ii) Each question carries one mark
(iii) Please hatch the appropriate oval in the OMR answer sheet HB pencil only, as per instructions

1. Which among the following is not a renewable source of energy?

a) Bagasse b) Rice husk
c) Nuclear d) Wind

2. What is shale Oil?

a) Sedimentary rock containing solid bituminous materials
b) Heavy black viscous oil combination of clay, sand, water and bitumen
c) A form of naturally compressed peat
d) combustible brownish-black sedimentary rock

3. Which of the following has the lowest energy content in terms of MJ/kg
a) LPG b) Diesel
c) Bagasse d) Furnace oil

4. _________ and _______ consume major share of Natural Gas consumption in India.
a) Domestic sector and Transport sector
b) Transport sector and Fertilizer Industry
c) Power Generation and Fertilizer Industries
d) Domestic Sector and Fertilizer Industries

5. The sector consuming major share of energy in India

a) Agriculture Sector b) Transport Sector
c) Industrial Sector d) Domestic Sector

6. Which of the following designated consumer has the lowest energy intensity?
a) Aluminium b) Iron and Steel
c) Cement d) Chlor alkali

7. Which of the following is not a Demand Side Management measure?

a) Implementing Time of the Day (ToD) Electricity Tariff
b) Maximizing fossil fuel based energy utilization
c) Replacement of inefficient electrical appliances
d) Use of ice bank system

8. Which of the following does not meet the Designated Consumer criteria?
a) Pulp and Paper Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of 30,000
TOE.
b) Cement Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of 30,000 TOE.
c) Chlor- Alkali Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of 7500
TOE.

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d) Textile Industries with minimum annual energy consumption of 3000 TOE.

9. The kW or HP of a motor given on the name plate indicates

a) The shaft output of the motor at part load
b) The shaft output of the motor at full load
c) The input power to the motor at the best efficiency point
d) The input power to the motor at any load

10. Which of the following has the highest Specific Heat?

a) Steel b) Aluminium
c) Copper d) Water

11. Heat transfer in an air cooled condenser occurs predominantly by

a) conduction b) convection
c) radiation d) none of the above

12. Definition of Energy Audit as per EC Act does not include:

a) Creation of an Energy Management System (EnMS)
b) evaluation of Techno-economics
c) Verification, monitoring and analysis of energy use
d) Action plan required for energy saving

13. The ISO standard for Energy Management System is

a) ISO 14001
b) ISO 50001
c) ISO 9001
d) ISO 18001

14. To arrive at the relative humidity at a point we need to know___________of air

a) dry bulb temperature b) wet bulb temperature
c) enthalpy d) both a & b

15. As per Energy Conservation Act, 2001 appointment of BEE Certified Energy Manger is
mandatory for
a) all State designated agencies b) all large Industrial consumers
c) all designated consumers d) all commercial buildings

16. A waste heat recovery system requires Rs. 50 lakhs investment and Rs. 2 lakhs per year
to operate and maintain. If the annual savings is Rs. 22 lakhs, the payback period will
be
a) 2.28 years b) 2.5 years
c) 3 years d) 10 years

17. What is the heat content of the 200 liters of water at 5000C in terms of the basic unit
of energy in Kilo Joules
a) 30000 b) 23880
c) 10000 d) 41870
Note: 1 Mark is awarded to all candidate who have attempted this question.

18. Which of the following GHGs has the longest atmospheric life time
a) CH4 b) SF6
c) CFC d) PFC

19. Which of the following is used for non-contact measurement of temperature

a) Thermocouples b) Infrared Thermometer
c) Leaf type contact probe d) All of the above

20. The force field analysis in energy action planning considers

a) Positive forces only b) negative forces only
c) Both negative and positive forces d) no forces

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21. Which of the following equation is used to calculate the future value of the cash flow?
a) NPV (1 – i)n b) NPV / (1 – i)n
n
c) NPV (1 + i) d) NPV/ (1 + i)n

22. For investment decision, ROI must always be _____ prevailing interest rate.
a) Lower than b) Higher than
c) Equal to d) No relation

23. Large scattering on production versus energy consumption trend line indicates
a) Poor process control b) Inefficient equipment
c) Inefficient process d) None of the above

24. Frequency of energy audit for designated consumers is______

a) once in a year b) once in two years
c) once in three years d) Once in five years

25. The rotor axis is aligned with the wind direction in a wind mill by ________ control
a) yaw b) pitch
c) disc break d) all of the above

26. Producer gas basically comprises of

a) CO, H2 and CH4 b) Only CH4
c) CO and CH4 d) Only CO and H2

27. The lowest theoretical temperature to which water can be cooled in a cooling tower is
a) Difference between DBT and WBT of the atmospheric air
b) Average DBT and WBT of the atmospheric air
c) DBT of the atmospheric air
d) WBT of the atmospheric air

28. In a solar thermal power station Molten salt is preferred as it provides an efficient low
cost medium to store ______ energy
a) Electrical b) Thermal
c) Kinetic d) Potential

29. From Voltage, Amps and Power factor given in the name plate of a motor, one can
calculate ________.
a) Rated output power b) Shaft power
c) Rated input power d) Both (b) & (c)

30. RPM of an electric motor is measured using ___.

a) Ultrasonic meter b) Stroboscope
c) Lux meter d) Rotameter

31. If asset depreciation is considered, then net operating cash inflow would be
a) lower b) higher
c) no effect d) none of the above

32. Which of the following comes under Capital cost in a project?

a) Design cost b) Installation cost
c) Commissioning cost d) All of the above

33. Energy consumption per GDP is termed as ___.

a) Energy factor b) Energy intensity
c) Energy Efficiency index d) All of the above

34. A three phase induction motor is drawing 10 Ampere at 440 Volts. If the operating

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power factor of the motor is 0.9 and the efficiency of the motor is 95%, then the
mechanical shaft power of the motor is
a) 3.76 KW b) 4.18 KW
c) 6.51 KW d) 7.21 KW

35. For an activity in a project, Latest start time is 8 weeks and Latest finish time is 12
weeks. If the earliest finish time is 9 weeks, Slack time for the activity is ____.
a) 3 weeks b) 4 weeks
c) 1 week d) none of the above

36. The amount of CO2 produced in complete combustion of 18 Kg of Carbon is ______.

a) 50 b) 44
c) 66 d) 792

37. Which mode of heat transfer does not require medium?

a) Natural convection b) Forced convection
c) Radiation d) Conduction

38. If the fixed energy consumption of a company is 2000 kWh per month and the line slope
of the energy (y) versus production (x) chart is 0.3, then the energy consumed in kWh
per month for a production level of 60,000 tons/month is _______.
a) 16,000 KWh b) 18,000 KWh
c) 22,000 KWh d) none of the above

39. Which technique takes care of time value of money in evaluation?

a) payback period b) IRR
c) NPV d) Both (b) & (c)

40. The heat rate of a power plant is expressed as

a) kWh/kg of steam b) kCal/kWh
c) kg of steam / kg of fuel d) kWh / kVA

41. Which equipment does not come under mandatory labelling program?
a) Room Air conditioners b) Frost free refrigerator
c) Induction motors d) Distribution transformer

42. Furling speed of wind turbine indicates ____

a) Cut out speed b) Cut in speed
c) Rated speed d) None of the above

43. One Silicon cell in a PV module typically produces

a) 0.5 V b) 1 V
c) 2 V d) 12 V

44. The input to a fuel cell is.

a) Electricity b) Hydrogen
c) Oxygen d) All of the above

45. The production factor is defined as the ratio of

a) current year production to the reference year production
b) current year production to the reference month production
c) reference month production to the current month production
d) reference year production to the current year production

46. To reduce the distribution losses within a plant, the capacitors should be located
a) Closest to the load b) Farthest from the load
c) In the substation d) Before the billing meter

47. Absolute pressure is measured as

a) Gauge pressure – Atmospheric pressure

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b) Gauge pressure + Atmospheric pressure

c) Gauge pressure / Atmospheric pressure
d) none of the above

48. The dryness (x) fraction of superheated steam is taken as

a) x= 0 b) x= 0.9
c) x= 0.87 d) x= 1

49. When the evaporation of water from a wet substance is zero, the relative humidity of
the air is likely to be
a) 0% b) 100%
c) 50% d) unpredictable

50. Which of the following type of collector is used for low temperature systems?
a) Flat plate collector b)Line focusing parabolic collector
c) Parabolic trough collector d) None of the above

…….……. End of Section – I ………..….

Section – II: SHORT DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Marks: 8 x 5 = 40

(i) Answer all Eight questions

(ii) Each question carries Five marks

S-1 List five equipment and appliances covered under Standards and Labelling program.

Ans Refer BEE Guide Book 1- Page No 37

S- 2 State true or false (each carries 1 mark)

a) When it is raining, there is a substantial difference between the dry and wet bulb
temperatures.
b) The specific gravity of light diesel oil is given in kg/m3
c) The major constituent of LNG is propane
d) Evaporative cooling of space requires use of refrigerant R134a
e) HSD needs preheating to increase viscosity

Ans a) False b) False

c) False d) False
e) False

S – 3 For installing a recuperator in a furnace, the plant has assessed the following time estimates
Optimistic Time : 2.5 weeks
Most Likely Time : 3 weeks
Pessimistic Time : 3.5 weeks

Find out the “Expected Time”, “Standard Deviation” and “Variance” to complete the activity
(2 +1.5+1.5 Marks)

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Ans Expected time = (Optimistic Time + 4 X Most Likely Time + Pessimistic Time) / 6
= (2.5 + 4 x 3 + 3.5)/ 6
=3
Standard Deviation = (3.5-2.5)/6 = 1/6 = 0.167
Variance = {(PT-OT/6)} 2
= 1 / 36 = 0.0278

S-4 A thermal power plant uses 0.72 kg of coal to generate one KWh of electricity. If the coal
contains 38% carbon by weight, calculate the amount of CO2 emission/KWh under complete
combustion.

Ans Amount of carbon present in coal = 0.72 * 38/100

= 0.2736 kg

As per chemical reaction, C + O2 = CO2

1 kg of carbon generates 44/12 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) under complete combustion
Amount of CO2 generation while generating one KWh of electricity
= 0.2736 * 44/12
= 1.0032 Kg/KWh

S-5 A solar photovoltaic power plant is installed with 350 Watts panel of size 1.5 m x 1.5 m in
roof top area of a building having dimension of 9 m x 10m. If solar insolation is 1,000 W/m2,
calculate the panel conversion efficiency?

Ans Area of solar cell = 1.5 x 1.5

= 2.25 m2
Efficiency = (350 /(2.25 x 1000)) x 100
= 15.6 %

S – 6 A paint drier requires 75.4 m3/min of air at 93°C, which is heated in a steam-coil unit. How
many kg of steam at 4 bar does this unit require per hour? The density of air is 1.2 kg/m3
and specific heat of air is 0.24 kcal/kg°C. The ambient temperature is 32°C.

Pressure bar Temperature °C Enthalpy kcal/kg

Water Evaporation Steam

4 143 143 510 653

Ans Solution:
Air flow rate = 75.4 m3/min * 60 = 4524 m3/hr
Air flow rate = 4524 * 1.2
= 5428.8 kg/hr

Sensible heat of air = m * Cp * ∆T

= 5428.8 * 0.24 * (93-32)
= 79477.6 kcal/hr

Latent heat of Steam = 510 Kcal/kg

Steam required = 79477.6 / 510
Steam required = 156 kg/hr

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S – 7 An ESCO company is required to invest in a waste heat recovery project, which is expected to
yield an annual saving of Rs.10,00,000 and the life of the equipment is 7 years. If the ESCO
expects 30% IRR on this project, calculate the investment required to be made.

Ans The PV of the Annual Savings of Rs.1,000,000 per year:

Investment 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000 1000000
0=− + + + + + + +
(1+ 0.3)0 (1+ 0.3)1 (1+ 0.3)2 (1+ 0.3)3 (1+ 0.3)4 (1+ 0.3)5 (1+ 0.3)6 (1+ 0.3)7

or
Investment = Rs.1,000,000/year (P/AIN Factor)
= Rs.1,000,000/year (2.8021) = Rs. 2,802,100

Thus, we can pay Rs.2,802,100 for the Waste Heat Exchanger and still have a positive NPV.

S – 8 In a textile plant monthly energy consumption is 7,00,000 kWh of electricity , 40 kL of

furnace oil ( specific gravity=0.92) for thermic fluid heater, 360 tonne of coal for steam boiler
and 10 kL of HSD ( specific gravity= 0.885) for material handling equipment. Compute the
energy consumption in terms of Metric Tonne of Oil Equivalent (MTOE) for the plant.

Given Data: (1 kWh = 860 kcal, GCV of coal= 3450 kCal/kg, GCV of furnace oil= 10,000
kcal/kg, GCV of HSD= 10,500 kcal/kg, GCV of rice husk= 3100 kcal/kg, 1 kg oil equivalent
= 10,000 kcal)

Ans Aggregate Energy Use=

(40000 x0.92x 10000) + (360000 x 3450) + (7, 00,000 x 860) + (10,000x 0.885 x 10,500).

MTOE = (36.8 x 107) + (124.2 x 107) + (60.2 x 107)+ (9.2925 x 107)

107
= 230.5 Metric Tonnes of Oil Equivalent per month

Energy consumption of the textile plant = 230.5 x 12 = 2766 MTOE

…….……. End of Section – II ………..….

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Section – III: LONG DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Marks: 6 x 10 = 60

(i) Answer all Six questions

(ii) Each question carries Ten marks

L-1 Describe the stages of Gasification of Biomass process with a pictorial diagram and
reaction equations?

Ans Refer BEE Guide Book 1- Page No 275-276

L–2 a. Explain briefly three types of Performance Contracting? (6 Marks)

b. What are the drawbacks of ESCO? (4 Marks)

Ans Refer BEE Guide Book 1- Page No.178

L - 3 a) Write down the steps for computing energy savings using CUSUM over a period.
(4 Marks),
b) Develop a table using a CUSUM technique to calculate energy savings for 8 months
period for a production level of 2000 MT per month. Refer to field data given in the
table below. (6 marks)
Month Actual SEC kWh/MT Predicted SEC kWh/MT

May 1225 1250

June 1227 1250

July 1240 1250

Aug 1245 1250

Sep 1238 1250

Oct 1257 1250

Nov 1248 1250

Dec 1264 1250

Ans a) Steps for CUSUM analysis:

Refer BEE Guide Book 1 Page No. 229

b) Estimate the savings accumulated from use of the heat recovery system.

Month Actual SEC Predicted SEC Difference CUSUM

kWh/MT kWh/MT (Actual SEC - Savings
Predicted SEC) kWh/MT
kWh/MT

May 1225 1250 -25 -25

June 1227 1250 -23 -48

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July 1240 1250 -10 -58

Aug 1245 1250 -5 -63

Sep 1238 1250 -12 -75

Oct 1257 1250 +7 -68

Nov 1248 1250 -2 -70

Dec 1264 1250 +14 -56

Positive savings i.e. savings in energy consumption over a period of eight months are
56 x 2000 = 112,000 kWh

L–4 In a Chlor-Alkali plant, an evaporator was designed to concentrate 500 kg of liquor

containing solids of 7% w/w (weight by weight) to 45% solids w/w in the output. Presently
the output from evaporator has 30% solids w/w. The energy manager suggested
overhauling the evaporator to achieve the design rate of solids w/w in the output. Calculate
the percentage improvement in water removal in the evaporator after overhauling of the
evaporator.

Ans Amount of feed (input) to the evaporator = 500 Kg

Concentration of solids in feed = 7 wt%
Amount of solids in feed (input) = 500 * 7 /100
= 35 Kg

Present scenario :
Concentration of solids in product (output) = 30 wt% = 0.3
Mass balance across the evaporator :
Amount of product (output) from the evaporator = 35 / 0.3
= 116.7 Kg

Water vapour removed from the evaporator is = 500 – 116.7

= 383.3 Kg

Design scenario :
Concentration of solids in product (output) = 45 wt% = 0.45
Mass balance across the evaporator :
Amount of product (output) from the evaporator = 35 / 0.45
= 77.8 Kg

Water vapour removed from the evaporator is = 500 – 77.8

= 422.2 Kg

Incremental water removal achieved is = 422.2 – 383.3

= 38.9 Kg

% increase in water removal = 38.9 / 383.3 * 100

% improvement in water removal after overhaul = 10.14 %

L -5 A process plant is planning to implement a waste heat recovery project. The various
activities from procurement to commissioning are given in the table below along with their
duration and dependency.

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Activity Predecessor Time in Weeks

A. - 3
B. - 5
C. A 4
D. A 6
E. C 5
F. C 3
G. B&D 2
H. D&E 1
I. F,G,H 2
a) Construct a PERT/CPM network diagram for the above project. (5 Marks)
b) Compute the earliest start, earliest finish, latest start, latest finish and slack for all the
activities (3 Marks)
c) Compute the project duration. (1 Mark)
d) Identify the critical activities and the critical path(s). (1 Mark)

Ans a) PERT/CPM network diagram for a project

b) Early start (ES), Early Finish (EF), Latest start (LS), Latest finish (LF) and slack for all
the activities.

Slack
Activity Duration ES EF LS LF (LS-ES) or
(LF-EF)
A 3 0 3 0 3 0

B 5 0 5 6 11 6

C 4 3 7 3 7 0

D 6 3 9 5 11 2

E 5 7 12 7 12 0

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F 3 7 10 10 13 3
13
G 2 9 11 11 2

H 1 12 13 12 13 0

I 2 13 15 13 15 0
X1 and X2 are dummy activities

c) Critical Path : A- C- E- H- I

d) Total time on critical path (project duration) : 15 weeks

L- 6 A medium size chemical plant receives electricity from grid and also generates electricity
from coal based Captive Power Plant (CPP). Coal is also used for process requirements. The
fine coal from CPP is sold to neighboring plant. The annual energy details are given below:

Electricity purchased from grid 5 MU

Electricity exported to grid 11 MU
Power generation from CPP 36 MU
Power Supplied from CPP to Process 25 MU
plant
Fine coal sold to neighboring unit 1000 ton
Coal used for process plant 5000 ton
GCV of coal 4500 kcal/kg
Heat rate of CPP 3500 kcal/kWh
Annual Operating Hours 7200
Calculate
a. Energy usage in TOE (Tons of oil equivalent) (5 Marks)
b. Coal used in CPP (3 Marks)
c. Calculate the CPP operating power in MW. (2 Marks)

Ans Energy usage in TOE (Tons of oil equivalent)

➢ Grid electricity Imported = (5 x 106 kWh)x (860 kcal/kWh) = (+) 43 x 108 kcals/year
➢ 6
Power generated from CPP = (36 x 10 kWh)x (3500 kcal/kWh) = (+) 1260 x 108 kcals/year
➢ 3
Coal imported for process = (5000 x 10 kg)x (4500 kcal/kg) = (+) 225 x 108 kcals/year
➢ 6
Power exported to grid = (11 x 10 kWh)x (3500 kcal/kWh) = (-) 385 x 108 kcals/year
➢ Coal fines exported to neighbour = (1000 x 10 kg)x (4500 kcal/kg) = (-) 45 x 108 kcals/year
3

➢ Net annual energy consumption = ( 43+1260+225)-(385+45) = (+) 1098 x 108 kcals/year

a. Energy usage in TOE = (1098 x 108 kcals/year) / (107) = 10980 MTOE

(1 MTOE = 107 kcals)
b. Coal used in CPP = ( (36 x 106 kWh)x (3500 kcal/kWh) ) / (4500 kcal/kg)
= 28 x 106 kgs Coal/ Year
= (28 x 106 )/103 = 28000 Tons Coal/ Year
c. Calculate the CPP operating MW = (36 x 106 kWh/year)/ (7200 hrs/year)
= 5000 kW
= 5 MW
…….……. End of Section – III ………..….

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