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    Industrial Automation Lab: Introduction To PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

    Uploaded by

    Wadood Ahmad
    The document introduces programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and discusses their advantages over traditional automation control systems. A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes in plants. It has multiple input and output capabilities and uses programmable memory to store instructions for on/off control, timing, counting, and data handling. Common PLC brands discussed are Allen-Bradley, Siemens, and Mitsubishi. The document then covers programming PLCs using ladder logic and basic ladder logic instructions like examine if closed, examine if open, output energize, and output latch/unlatch.

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    Industrial Automation Lab: Introduction To PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

    Uploaded by

    Wadood Ahmad
    32 views16 pages
    The document introduces programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and discusses their advantages over traditional automation control systems. A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes in plants. It has multiple input and output capabilities and uses programmable memory to store instructions for on/off control, timing, counting, and data handling. Common PLC brands discussed are Allen-Bradley, Siemens, and Mitsubishi. The document then covers programming PLCs using ladder logic and basic ladder logic instructions like examine if closed, examine if open, output energize, and output latch/unlatch.

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    intro

    Original Title

    PLC_INTRO (2)

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    The document introduces programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and discusses their advantages over traditional automation control systems. A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes in plants. It has multiple input and output capabilities and uses programmable memory to store instructions for on/off control, timing, counting, and data handling. Common PLC brands discussed are Allen-Bradley, Siemens, and Mitsubishi. The document then covers programming PLCs using ladder logic and basic ladder logic instructions like examine if closed, examine if open, output energize, and output latch/unlatch.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views16 pages

    Industrial Automation Lab: Introduction To PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

    Uploaded by

    Wadood Ahmad
    The document introduces programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and discusses their advantages over traditional automation control systems. A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes in plants. It has multiple input and output capabilities and uses programmable memory to store instructions for on/off control, timing, counting, and data handling. Common PLC brands discussed are Allen-Bradley, Siemens, and Mitsubishi. The document then covers programming PLCs using ladder logic and basic ladder logic instructions like examine if closed, examine if open, output energize, and output latch/unlatch.

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    Industrial Automation Lab

    INTRODUCTION TO PLC
    (PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER)
    What is a PLC?

    A PLC :
     Is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes
    in plants
     Is designed for multiple input and output arrangements so a user
    can get the data from the sensors, work with it and command the
    actuators
     Uses programmable memory to store instructions and functions
    such as on/off control, timing, counting, data handling etc.
    Advantages of PLCs

     MIMO (Multi input multi output)


     Faster response time
     Reduced hard wiring
     Increased reliability
     Built in timers and counters
     Hardware robust
     Simpler to program and
    troubleshoot
    Advantages contd.

    • Various built-in communication ports


    (RS-232, Ethernet, Wi-Fi etc.)

    • Modular design (easy to repair and expand)


    PLC brands and models

     Allen-Bradley
     SLC-500
     Micrologix 1000/1200/1500

     Controllogix

     PLC-5

     Siemens
     S7200

     Mitsubishi
    In lab:
     Microllogix 1200 (14 inputs, 10 outputs, 256 timers, 256 counters)
     Programming software : RSLogix 500
    Ways to program a PLC

     Ladder Logic
    Suitable for user from electrical engineering industry

     Statement List
    Suitable for user from the world of computer technology

     Functional Block Diagram


    Suitable for user from the world of circuit engineering
    Ladder Logic

    Ladder Diagram:
     Is specialized schematics commonly used to document
    industrial control logic systems
     Uses a specific set of various symbols
     Resembles a ladder
    Vertical lines = Power rails
    Horizontal lines = Rungs
    Addressing

    The memory space in a PLC can be divided into two broad


    categories:-
     Program files: Areas of processor memory where ladder
    program is stored
     Data files: Portions of the processor memory that stores
    input and output status, processor status, the
    status of various bits and numerical data
    Data Files
    Address Format

    How would you write address for:


    An input = An output =
    A timer = A counter =
    An internal relay =
    Basic Instructions in RSLogix

    1. Examine if closed (XIC)


     Normally open contact
     Used to determine if a bit is on
    if the bit addressed is on (1), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE
    if the bit addressed is off (0), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE

    Instruction Symbol Usage in a rung


    Contd.

    2. Examine if open (XIO)


     Normally closed contact
     Used to determine if a bit is off
    if the bit addressed is on (1), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE
    if the bit addressed is off (0), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE

    Instruction Symbol Usage in a rung

    An XIO instruction inverts the state of bit it references!


    Contd.

    3. Output energize (OTE)


     Output coil
     Used in conjunction with XIC, XIO or any other input instruction
    If the logic preceding the OTE instruction is true (1), the OTE instruction
    will be energized

    Instruction Symbol Usage in a rung

    An OTE instruction can only be the last instruction on a rung!


    Contd.

    4. Output latch (OTL)


     The OTL instruction is used only to turn a bit on and latch it on

    Instruction Symbol Usage in a rung


    5. Output unlatch (OTU)
     The OTU instruction is used only to turn a bit off and latch it off

    Instruction Symbol Usage in a rung


    Contd.

    6. Internal Utility Relays


     Programmable bit used to simulate a relay within the PLC
     No connection to an output card
     Can be used to store information.
     Can be used when more series contacts are required than
    the rung allows etc.
    Branches

     Branches can be inserted to create parallel combinations of various


    elements.

     Multiple Series/Parallel Branches

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