Various Lab Test On Cement

Various Lab Test On Cement
Checking of materials is an essential part of civil engineering as the life of structure is dependent
on the quality of material used.Following are the tests to be conducted to judge the quality of
cement.
1. Fineness
2. Soundness
3. Consistency
4. Initial And Final Setting Time Of Cement
FINENESS
So we need to determine the fineness of cement by dry sieving as per IS: 4031 (Part 1) –
1996.The principle of this is that we determine the proportion of cement whose grain size is
larger then specified mesh size.
The apparatus used are 90µm IS Sieve, Balance capable of weighing 10g to the nearest 10mg, A
nylon or pure bristle brush, preferably with 25 to 40mm, bristle, for cleaning the sieve.
Sieve shown in pic below is not the actual 90µm seive.Its just for reference.
Procedure to determine fineness of cement

i) Weigh approximately 10g of cement to the nearest 0.01g and place it on the sieve.
ii) Agitate the sieve by swirling, planetary and linear movements, until no more fine material
passes through it.
iii) Weigh the residue and express its mass as a percentage R1,of the quantity first placed on the
sieve to the nearest 0.1 percent.
iv) Gently brush all the fine material off the base of the sieve.
v) Repeat the whole procedure using a fresh 10g sample to obtain R2. Then calculate R as the
mean of R1 and R2 as a percentage, expressed to the nearest 0.1 percent. When the results differ
by more than 1 percent absolute, carry out a third sieving and calculate the mean of the three
values.
Reporting of Results
Report the value of R, to the nearest 0.1 percent, as the residue on the 90µm sieve.
SOUNDNESS
Soundness of cement is determined by Le-Chatelier method as per IS: 4031 (Part 3) – 1988.
Apparatus – The apparatus for conducting the Le-Chatelier test should conform to IS: 5514 –
1969
Balance, whose permissible variation at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g and Water bath.
Procedure to determine soundness of cement

i) Place the mould on a glass sheet and fill it with the cement paste formed by gauging cement
with 0.78 times the water required to give a paste of standard consistency.
ii) Cover the mould with another piece of glass sheet, place a small weight on this covering glass
sheet and immediately submerge the whole assembly in water at a temperature of 27 ± 2oC and
keep it there for 24hrs.
iii) Measure the distance separating the indicator points to the nearest 0.5mm (say d1 ).
iv) Submerge the mould again in water at the temperature prescribed above. Bring the water to
boiling point in 25 to 30 minutes and keep it boiling for 3hrs.
v) Remove the mould from the water, allow it to cool and measure the distance between the
indicator points (say d2 ).
vi) (d2 – d1 ) represents the expansion of cement.
CONSISTENCY
The basic aim is to find out the water content required to produce a cement paste of standard
consistency as specified by the IS: 4031 (Part 4) – 1988. The principle is that standard
consistency of cement is that consistency at which the Vicat plunger penetrates to a point 5-7mm
from the bottom of Vicat mould.
Apparatus – Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 – 1976, Balance, whose permissible
variation at a load of 1000g should be +1.0g, Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 – 1982.
Procedure to determine consistency of cement
i) Weigh approximately 400g of cement and mix it with a weighed quantity of water. The time of
gauging should be between 3 to 5 minutes.
ii) Fill the Vicat mould with paste and level it with a trowel.
iii) Lower the plunger gently till it touches the cement surface.
iv) Release the plunger allowing it to sink into the paste.
v) Note the reading on the gauge.
vi) Repeat the above procedure taking fresh samples of cement and different quantities of water
until the reading on the gauge is 5 to 7mm.
Reporting of Results
Express the amount of water as a percentage of the weight of dry cement to the first place of
decimal.
INITIAL AND FINAL SETTING TIME

We need to calculate the initial and final setting time as per IS: 4031 (Part 5) – 1988. To do so
we need Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 – 1976, Balance, whose permissible variation at
a load of 1000g should be +1.0g, Gauging trowel conforming to IS: 10086 – 1982.
Procedure to determine initial and final setting time of cement

i) Prepare a cement paste by gauging the cement with 0.85 times the water required to give a
paste of standard consistency.
ii) Start a stop-watch, the moment water is added to the cement.
iii) Fill the Vicat mould completely with the cement paste gauged as above, the mould resting on
a non-porous plate and smooth off the surface of the paste making it level with the top of the
mould. The cement block thus prepared in the mould is the test block.
A)INITIAL SETTING TIME
Place the test block under the rod bearing the needle. Lower the needle gently in order to make
contact with the surface of the cement paste and release quickly, allowing it to penetrate the test
block. Repeat the procedure till the needle fails to pierce the test block to a point 5.0 ± 0.5mm
measured from the bottom of the mould.The time period elapsing between the time, water is
added to the cement and the time, the needle fails to pierce the test block by 5.0 ± 0.5mm
measured from the bottom of the mould, is the initial setting time.
B) FINAL SETTING TIME

Replace the above needle by the one with an annular attachment. The cement should be
considered as finally set when, upon applying the needle gently to the surface of the test block,
the needle makes an impression therein, while the attachment fails to do so. The period elapsing
between the time, water is added to the cement and the time, the needle makes an impression on
the surface of the test block, while the attachment fails to do so, is the final setting time

Various Lab Test On Cement

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Various Lab Test On Cement

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Various Lab Test On Cement

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Various Lab Test On Cement

Procedure to determine fineness of cement

Procedure to determine soundness of cement

INITIAL AND FINAL SETTING TIME

Procedure to determine initial and final setting time of cement

B) FINAL SETTING TIME

You might also like