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Over The Past Decade

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Over the past decade, China has become central to the

world economy. Building on its economic successes, it


is becoming increasingly central in world politics.
China is also now more ambitious, aiming to establish
itself as a regional as well as a global power. In his
October 2017 report to the Chinese Communist
Party’s 19th Congress, President Xi Jinping stated that
by 2050, China will have “become a global leader in
terms of composite national strength and
international influence.”1 Despite a growing internal
debate about the country’s international positioning
in the context of taking a confrontational tone with
the United States, Xi believes he has the power to
realize these ambitions. In June 2018, he chaired an
important foreign policy meeting in Beijing, which
reaffirmed the notions of a foreign policy with Chinese
characteristics,2 “diplomacy of socialism with Chinese
characteristics,”3 and redefined the concept of a
“global community of common destiny.”4
Philippe Le Corre
Philippe Le Corre is a nonresident senior fellow in the Europe and Asia Programs
at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
@PHLECORRE

China’s rise has been driven by economic


development, starting with the launch almost exactly
forty years ago of Deng Xiaoping’s Open Door policy,
which made China the economic powerhouse it is
today―not just domestically, but in most parts of the
world.
On the world stage, China has become a strong player
in such institutions as the United Nations and the
World Bank. It has developed strong bilateral
relations with most countries around the world, with
the exception of a handful of nations that still
recognize Taiwan diplomatically. Globally, Chinese
diplomats have been incredibly active, with the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) receiving a 15
percent budget increase in 2018 to help project
Chinese diplomacy and soft power throughout the
world. In the six years of President Xi’s rule, the MFA
budget has jumped to 60 billion renminbi ($9.5
billion) from 30 billion renminbi in 2011.5

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