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    Percentage Concept by Dear Sir

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    Vivek Chaudhary
    This document provides an overview of percentages, including: - The basic definition of a percentage as a fraction with a denominator of 100 - A formula for calculating a percentage of a number - Examples of calculating various percentages - Tips and tricks for working with percentages, such as formulas for calculating percentage increases and decreases

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Percentage Concept by Dear Sir

    Uploaded by

    Vivek Chaudhary
    630 views5 pages
    This document provides an overview of percentages, including: - The basic definition of a percentage as a fraction with a denominator of 100 - A formula for calculating a percentage of a number - Examples of calculating various percentages - Tips and tricks for working with percentages, such as formulas for calculating percentage increases and decreases

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    Percentage Concept by Dear sir

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    This document provides an overview of percentages, including: - The basic definition of a percentage as a fraction with a denominator of 100 - A formula for calculating a percentage of a number - Examples of calculating various percentages - Tips and tricks for working with percentages, such as formulas for calculating percentage increases and decreases

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    630 views5 pages

    Percentage Concept by Dear Sir

    Uploaded by

    Vivek Chaudhary
    This document provides an overview of percentages, including: - The basic definition of a percentage as a fraction with a denominator of 100 - A formula for calculating a percentage of a number - Examples of calculating various percentages - Tips and tricks for working with percentages, such as formulas for calculating percentage increases and decreases

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    Percentage Concept 

    Basic Concepts of Percentages 


     
    In this lesson, we cover the absolute basics of Percentages. 
    The purpose of this lesson is to help you answer one simple 
    question: What are Percentages? 
     
    Basic Definition: 
    Percent implies “for every hundred” and the sign % is read as 
    percentage and x % is read as x per cent. In other words, a 
    fraction with denominator 100 is called a per cent. For 
    example, 20 % means 20/100 (i.e. 20 parts from 100). This can 
    also be written as 0.2. 
     
    Basic Formula: 
    In order to calculate p % of q, use the formula: 
    (p/100) x q = (pxq)/100 
     
    Also remember: p % of q = q % of p 
     
    Examples: 
    1. 100% of 60 is 60 x (100/100) = 60 
    2. 50% of 60 is 50/100 × 60 = 30 
    3. 5% of 60 is 5/100 × 60 = 3 
     
    Example:​ 60 % of a number is 360. What is 99 % of the same 
    number? 
    Solution: Let the number be n. 
    Given (60/100) ×n = 360 => n = 600 
    99 % of 600 = (99/100) × 600 = 594 
     
    Example:​ 50 % of a number is 360. What is 99 % of the same 
    number? 
    Solution: Let the number be y. 
    Given (50/100) x q = 360 
    => q = 720 
    99% of 720 = (99/100) x 720 = 712.80 
     
    Example:​ What percent is 60 of 240? 
    Solution: First write the given numbers in the fraction form: 
    60/240 = ¼ 
    Multiply the numerator and denominator with 25 to make the 
    denominator equal to 100 
    (1×25)/(4×25) = 25/100 
    25 percent or 25 per 100 is called as 25% 
     
    Sample Question for the Basics of Percentage: 
     
     
    Example:​A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40. The number is: 
    (a) 50 
    (b) 60 
    (c) 80 
    (d) 48 
     
    Solution:​ Let the number be p. 
    20% of itself means => p x (20/100) 
    Now, according to the question, 
    p – 20% of p = 40 
    => {p – (20 x p)/100} = 40 
    => {p-(p/5)} = 40 
    ⇒ 5p – p = 200 
    ∴ p = 50 
     
    Alternate Method: 
    Obviously, it is clear that difference is 80% i.e. 4/5 of number 
    which is equal to 40 
    4/5p = 40 
    p = 40 x 5/4= 50. 
     
    Tips & Tricks for Percentages:  
    Basic Tip-1: ​ If the new value of something is n times the 
    previous given value, then the percentage increase is (n-1) 
    100%. 
     
    Derivation: 
    Let us consider two values p and q. 
    Let q be and original value and p be the new value. 
    According to conditions p= nq 
    We need to calculate the percentage increase. 
    You can either use direct formula= {(new value – old 
    value)/old value} x 10 
    This value becomes= {(p – q)/q} x 100 
    {(nq – q)/q} x 100 
    => (n-1) x 100% 
     
    Example:​ If X= 5.35 Y, then find the percentage increase when 
    the value of something is from Y to X. 
    Solution: 
    Use the formula: (n-1)100% 
    Percentage increase from 
    Y to X = (5.35 -1) 100= 435% 
     
    Basic Tip-2:  
    When a quantity N is increased by K %, then the: 
    New quantity = N (1+ K/100 ) 
    Examples: 
    Increase 150 by 20%= 150 {1+(20/100)} = 150 1.2= 180 
    Increase 300 by 30%= 300 {1+(30/100)}= 300 1.3= 390 
    Increase 250 by 27% = 250 {1+(27/100)} = 250 1.27 =317.5 
     
    Example:​ What is the new value when 265 is increased by 15%? 
    Solution: New quantity = N (1+ K/100) 
    = 265{1+(15/100)} 
    New quantity = 1.15 265= 304.75 
     
     
    Basic Tip 3: 
     
    When a quantity N is decreased by K %, then the:  
    New quantity =N (1 – K/100) 
     
    Examples: 
    Decrease 120 by 20%= 120 {1-(20/100)} = 120 0.8= 96 
    Decrease 150 by 40%=150 {1-(40/100)} = 150 0.6= 90 
    Decrease 340 by 27%= 340 {1-(27/100)}= 340 0.73= 248.2 
     
    Example:​ If the production in 2015 is 400 units and the 
    decrease from 2014 to 2015 is 13%, find the production in 2014? 
    Solution: 
    Remember the formula: 
    New quantity =N (1 – K/100) 
    Let the production in 2014 be x. 
    It has been decreased by 13% , which then becomes 400 in 
    2015 
    [X{1-(13/100)}]= 400 
    Production in 2014= 400 / 0.87= 459.77 units 

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