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    Vibration Caused by Misalignment PDF

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    6/22/2016 Vibration Caused by Misalignment

              EVERYTHING   THAT   ROTATES


                             NEEDS   TO   BE   BALANCED
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    XYO BALANCER BLOG  
    Vibration Information for rotating machinery applications.

    RECENT POSTS
    Vibration Caused by Misalignment
    Saturday, January 07, 2012 XYO Technology on Wind Turbines

    Happy PI Day March 14th
    Misalignment can occur when the centerline of coupled shafts are not coincident. Misaligned shafts
    cause overloading and vibration in a system; this condition can be diagnosed by examining spectral Torsional or Angular Vibration
    data and looking for specific patterns. Two types of misalignment conditions are possible:
    Vibration in the Workplace
    • Parallel misalignment
    Bearing Lubrication

    • Angular misalignment Imbalance in Overhung Machinery

    When the centerline of two shafts are parallel but not coincident, it is referred to as parallel Types of Belt Drives
    misalignment.
    Acceptable Levels of Vibration

    If two shafts meet at a point but their centerlines are not parallel, then this is referred to as angular Electric Motors: Dynamic/Online Testing
    misalignment.
    Vibration Suppression: Active and Passive
    Most incidences of misalignment are typically a combination of parallel and angular misalignment. Systems
    Misalignment can be observed in spectral data when there is significant 2X forcing frequency, and
    greater levels at the 1X forcing frequency, in the axial axis and and one of the radial axes. The phase TAGS
    difference between measurements on either shaft also matters when identifying misalignment.
    Static Imbalance Fan Vibration
    With parallel misalignment, the 2X frequency is usually high in the radial directions and the  1X
    Manufacture Modes trandusers Oil
    frequency is typically smaller. There is also a 180° phase difference between radial measurements on
    Analysis filters frequency Angle Grinder
    the coupled shafts. The type of coupling may cause higher order frequencies to occur, however there
    Flexible couplings Washing Machine
    will be no raised noise floor like you would observe for mechanical looseness. Note that with purely
    parallel misalignment, the 1X and 2X frequencies will be low in the axial direction. Balance cavitation Compressors Hand­
    Arm Vibration Measurement Magnetic
    Axial vibration is usually stronger with angular misalignment; the 1X is usually the strongest
    couplings vibration analysis Mechanical
    frequency, but the 2X and 3X frequencies may also be present. In this scenario, the angular
    erergy efficiency Journal Bearings
    measurements on the coupled shafts will be 180° out of phase. 1X and 2X frequencies will be
    observed in the radial direction as well, but these will be in phase. Maintenance Imbalance gears Electric
    Motors Free Vibrations noise Fluid
    Misalignment usually occurs during installation of the coupling. It can be avoided by using precision
    couplings sidebands coupling Boat
    techniques such as laser alignment. Coupling manufacturers’ will usually specify the alignment
    Propellers testing Rotating Machinery
    tolerances of their products to ensure that they are not overloaded; however, even within acceptable
    tolerances, the misalignment can cause vibrations that excite harmonic frequencies and lead to Power Tools Vibration

    failure. Bearing life can also be impacted by misalignment, which causes overloading and premature
    failure.
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