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    Tutorial 2

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    zelalemniguse
    1. The stream is expected to have bed dunes or a high-regime plane bed based on the Shields criterion. Sediment motion is expected as the threshold shear stress is exceeded. 2. Given the channel parameters, the calculated flow depth is 3.55m, resulting in an applied shear stress of 31.34 N/m2. This exceeds the critical shear stress of 2.2 N/m2, so the bed sediment will be subjected to motion. 3. For the given channel with a bed slope of 1x10^-4, the maximum discharge without sediment motion is calculated to be 1.89 m2/s based on the critical shear stress from Shields curve of

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    Tutorial 2

    Uploaded by

    zelalemniguse
    171 views11 pages
    1. The stream is expected to have bed dunes or a high-regime plane bed based on the Shields criterion. Sediment motion is expected as the threshold shear stress is exceeded. 2. Given the channel parameters, the calculated flow depth is 3.55m, resulting in an applied shear stress of 31.34 N/m2. This exceeds the critical shear stress of 2.2 N/m2, so the bed sediment will be subjected to motion. 3. For the given channel with a bed slope of 1x10^-4, the maximum discharge without sediment motion is calculated to be 1.89 m2/s based on the critical shear stress from Shields curve of

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    some tutorial of sediment transport

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    1. The stream is expected to have bed dunes or a high-regime plane bed based on the Shields criterion. Sediment motion is expected as the threshold shear stress is exceeded. 2. Given the channel parameters, the calculated flow depth is 3.55m, resulting in an applied shear stress of 31.34 N/m2. This exceeds the critical shear stress of 2.2 N/m2, so the bed sediment will be subjected to motion. 3. For the given channel with a bed slope of 1x10^-4, the maximum discharge without sediment motion is calculated to be 1.89 m2/s based on the critical shear stress from Shields curve of

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    171 views11 pages

    Tutorial 2

    Uploaded by

    zelalemniguse
    1. The stream is expected to have bed dunes or a high-regime plane bed based on the Shields criterion. Sediment motion is expected as the threshold shear stress is exceeded. 2. Given the channel parameters, the calculated flow depth is 3.55m, resulting in an applied shear stress of 31.34 N/m2. This exceeds the critical shear stress of 2.2 N/m2, so the bed sediment will be subjected to motion. 3. For the given channel with a bed slope of 1x10^-4, the maximum discharge without sediment motion is calculated to be 1.89 m2/s based on the critical shear stress from Shields curve of

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    Tutorial on Sediment Transport

    Mechanics
    1,Examine the stability of the bed material (𝜌s =2650
    kg/m3, mean diameter=1 mm) of a wide stream having a
    slope of 10-3 and carrying a flow at a depth of 0.3 m. And
    What type(s) of transport and bed form, if any, do you
    expect in this stream?
    Solution
    Threshold condition: Shields criterion Wide
    channel⇒R≈y0=0.3m
    By constructing a d (=1 mm) line on Shields diagram we
    obtain or τc=0.035×𝜌g×1.65×d

    Available boundary shear stress 𝜏=𝜌gRS=2.943 N∕m2


    Thus, minimum d for stability=5.2 mm>1 mm. Hence the
    bed material is not stable.
    And available𝜏∕𝜌gΔd=U2∗∕gΔd=RS∕(1.65×0.001)=0.181, and
    from Shields diagram this relates to bed dunes to high
    regime plane bed transition
    2. Considering a natural stream with a bed slope I= 0.0009 and
    median grain size d50 = 3mm, the flow per unit width is 12m2/s
    and the water temperature is 20oc. Will the channel bed
    sediment be subjected to sediment motion according to the
    shields curve?
    Solution
    From shields curve
    Using d50 = 3mm = 3*103µm,
    the critical bed shear stress,  b,cr = 2.2N/m2
    The applied bed shear stress,  b also calculated by
     b = ghI
    First Let’s Calculate h=?
    −
    From q = u h = ch1.5 I 0.5
    Since d50 = 3mm> 2mm,Lets assume the flow is hydraulically
    rough regime,then the chezy coefficient   12 h
    C = 18 log  
     ks 
     Ks=6.8d50
     Ks=6.8 *3*10-3 = 0.02m
     12 h  1.5 0.5
    q = Ch1.5 I 0.5 ⎯
    ⎯→ q = 18 log   * h I
     ks 

     12h  1.5
    12 = 18 log  * h (0.0009)
    0.5

     0.02 
    log(600h) * h1.5 = 22.222

    Solving h by Iteration h=3.55m


    ➢ The applied bed shear stress
     b = ghI = 1000 * 9.81 * 3.55 * 0.0009 = 31.34 N/m2
    • Since  b = 31.34N/m2   b ,cr = 2.2 N/m2 then the
    channel bed sediment is subjected to sediment motion.
    3. A wide open channel with a plane sloping bed has a bed
    surface slope I=1*10-4. The bed material characteristics are
    d50=3mm and d90=6mm.Other data are ρ=1000kg/m3,
    ρs=2650kg/m3, v=1*10-6m2/s. What is the maximum discharge
    (per unit width) without movement of bed material?
    Solution
     For no movement of bed material :
    The applied shear bed stress,  b  Critical shear bed

    stress, b,cr
    −

    From shields curve,


    Using d50 = 3mm = 3*103µm,
    the critical bed shear stress,  b,cr = 2.2N/m2
     b = ghI =  b ,cr
    2.2 = 1000 * 9.81 * h * 1 * 10 −4 , h = 2.24m
    q = Ch1.5 I 0.5
     Since d50 = 3mm> 2mm,Lets assume the flow is hydraulically
    rough regime, then the chezy coefficient
     12 h 
    C = 18 log  
     ks 
     Ks=6.8d50 =6.8*0.003=0.02
     12 * 2.24  m 0 .5
    C = 18 log  = 56.3
     0.02  s
    − 4 0.5 m2
    q = Ch I 1.5 0.5
    = 56.3 * (2.24) 1.5
    * (1 * 10 ) = 1.89
    s
    m2
    ❖ There fore, the maximum discharge per unit width is 1.89
    s
    4. A trapezoidal channel has water depth (in middle) of h=2m,
    bottom width b=15m and side slope 1 to 2 ( ϒ=27o).The
    bottom is covered with rounded stones d50=0.05m,
    ks=0.05m.What are the maximum bottom slope and the
    maximum discharge to obtain stable bed ( use shields)?
    Solution
    From shields curve,
    Using d50 = 0.05m = 5*104µm,
    the critical bed shear stress,  b,cr = 45N/m2
    i) The maximum bottom slope ( I cr )
    The middle part of the channel is stable if,
     b ( middle ) =  b ,cr but  b ,middle = ghI
    ghI =  b ,cr
     b,cr 45
    I= = = 2 *10 −3
    gh 1000 * 9.81 * 2
     ii. Maximum discharge (Q ) cr

    Qcr = AC (RI ) 0.5

     Cross sectional area, A = bh + mh 2 = 15 * 2 + 2 * 2 = 38m 2

     Wetted perimeter, P = b + 2h 1 + m 2 = 15 + 2 * 2 1 + 2 2 = 24m

    Hydraulic radius, A 38
    R= = = 1.6m
    P 24

     Since d50 = 50mm> 2mm,the flow is hydraulically rough flow,


    then the chezy coefficient
      12 h 
    C = 18 log  
     ks 
     Assuming R  h for wide channel
     12 R 
    C = 18 log 
     ks 
     12 * 1.6  m 0 .5
    C = 18 log  = 46.52
     0.05  s

     Compute Qcr
    −3 0.5
    Qcr = AC ( RI ) 0.5
    = 38 * 46.52(1.6 * 2 *10 ) = 99.995 m3
    s
    m3
    Qcr = 100 s
    Fi: Initiation of motion for a current over a plane bed, τc, cr = f (d) Shields (1936)
    Thanks!!!

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